MUSSELpdb

Johnson, R.I. 1980. Zoogeography of North American Unionacea (Mollusca: Bivalvia) north of the maximum Pleistocene glaciation. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 149(2): 77-189. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4776764.

Taxonomic Opinions

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Actinonaias ellipsiformis (Conrad, 1836) = Venustaconcha ellipsiformis + Venustaconcha pleasii

+ Unio venustus Lea, 1838

+ Unio pleasii Marsh, 1891

Actinonaias ligamentina (Lamarck, 1819) = Ortmanniana ligamentina

+ Unio carinatus Barnes, 1823

+ Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) ligamentina var. gibbus Simpson, 1900

+ Lampsilis (Eurynia) ligamentina var. nigrescens Simpson, 1914

+ Actinonaias carinata orbis Morrison, 1942

Actinonaias pectorosa (Conrad, 1834) = Ortmanniana pectorosa + Ortmanniana ligamentina

+ Lampsilis (s.s.) sowerbyana Frierson, 1927

+ Unio pictus Sowerby, 1868

Actinonaias rafinesqueana (Frierson, 1927) = Lampsilis rafinesqueana

+ Actinonaias streckeri Valentine & Stansbery, 1971

Alasmidonta calceolus (Lea, 1830) = Sulcularia viridis

+ Unio (Elliptio) viridis Rafinesque, 1820

+ Margaritana minor Lea, 1845

+ Alasmidonta (Pressodonta) calceolus danielsi F.C. Baker, 1928

+ Alasmidonta (Pressodonta) calceolus magnalacustris F.C. Baker, 1928

Alasmidonta heterodon (Lea, 1830) = Prolasmidonta heterodon

Alasmidonta marginata Say, 1819

+ Margaritana marginata var. truncata B.H. Wright, 1898

+ Alasmidonta (Decurambis) marginata variabilis F.C. Baker, 1928

Alasmidonta raveneliana (Lea, 1834) = Alasmidonta raveneliana + Alasmidonta atropurpurea

+ Decurambis atropurpureum Rafinesque, 1831

Alasmidonta undulata (Say, 1817)

Alasmidonta varicosa (Lamarck, 1819)

Amblema plicata (Say, 1817)

+ Unio peruviana Lamarck, 1819

+ Amblema costata Rafinesque, 1820

+ Unio undulatus Barnes, 1823

+ Unio rariplicata Lamarck, 1819

+ Unio perplicatus Conrad, 1841

+ Unio quintardii Cragin, 1887

+ Unio pilsbryi Marsh, 1891

+ Cokeria southalli Marshall, 1916

Anodonta beringiana Middendorff, 1851 = Beringiana beringiana

Anodonta californiensis Lea, 1852 = Brachyanodon californiensis

Anodonta cataracta cataracta (Say, 1817) = Pyganodon cataracta

Anodonta cataracta fragilis (Lamarck, 1819) = Pyganodon fragilis + Pyganodon cataracta

+ Anodonta marginata Say, 1817

+ Anodonta brooksiana van der Schalie, 1938

Anodonta corpulenta Cooper, 1834 = Pyganodon grandis

Anodonta dejecta Lewis, 1875 = Brachyanodon californiensis

Anodonta grandis grandis Say, 1829 = Pyganodon grandis + Utterbackiana suborbiculata

+ Anodonta plana Lea, 1834

+ Anodonta stewartiana Lea, 1834

+ Anodonta gigantea Lea, 1838

+ Anodonta footiana Lea, 1840

+ Anodonta virens Lea, 1852

+ Anodonta opaca Lea, 1852

+ Anodonta leonensis Lea, 1862

+ Anodonta danielsii Lea, 1858

+ Anodonta texasensis Lea, 1859

+ Anodonta bealei Lea, 1863

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Anodonta grandis simpsoniana Lea, 1861 = Pyganodon grandis

Anodonta imbecillis Say, 1829 = Utterbackia imbecillis

+ Anodonta ohiensis ‘Rafinesque’ of Authors

+ Utterbackia imbecillis fusca F.C. Baker, 1927

Anodonta implicata Say, 1829 = Utterbackiana implicata

+ Mytilus fucatus Dillwyn, 1817

Anodonta kennerlyi Lea, 1860 = Brachyanodon kennerlyi

Anodonta nuttalliana Lea, 1838 = Brachyanodon nuttalliana

+ Anodonta wahlamatensis Lea, 1838

Anodonta oregonensis Lea, 1838 = Brachyanodon oregonensis

Anodonta (Utterbackia) suborbiculata Say, 1831 = Utterbackiana suborbiculata

Anodontoides ferussacianus (Lea, 1834)

+ Anodonta subcylindracea Lea, 1838

+ Anodonta modesta Lea, 1857

+ Anodontoides birgei F.C. Baker, 1923

Arcidens confragosus (Say, 1829)

+ Arcidens confragosa jacintoensis Strecker, 1931

Arkansia wheeleri Ortmann & Walker, 1912 = Arcidens wheeleri

Carunculina cylindrella (Lea, 1868) = Toxolasma cylindrellus

Carunculina glans (Lea, 1831) = Toxolasma glans + Toxolasma lividum

+ Toxolasma lividus Rafinesque, 1831

+ Unio moestus Lea, 1841

Carunculina parva (Barnes, 1823) = Toxolasma parvum + Toxolasma texasiense + Toxolasma paulum

+ Unio texasiensis Lea, 1857

+ Unio cromwellii Lea, 1865

+ Carunculina parva cahni F.C. Baker, 1927

Cumberlandia monodonta (Say, 1829)

+ Unio stegarius ‘Rafinesque’ of Authors

Dromus dromas (Lea, 1834)

+ Unio caperatus Lea, 1845

Ellipsaria lineolata (Rafinesque, 1820)

+ Unio securis Lea, 1829

Elliptio complanata (Lightfoot, 1786)

Elliptio crassidens crassidens (Lamarck, 1819) = Elliptio crassidens

+ Unio (Elliptio) nigra Rafinesque, 1820

Elliptio dilatata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Eurynia dilatata + Elliptio arca

+ Unio gibbosus Barnes, 1823

+ Unio subgibbosus Lea, 1857

+ Unio (sec. Elliptio) gibbosus var. delicatus Simpson, 1900

+ Elliptio dilatata var. sterkii Grier, 1918

Fusconaia barnesiana (Lea, 1838) = Pleuronaia barnesiana

+ Unio tumescens Lea, 1845

+ Unio bigbyensis Lea, 1841

Fusconaia cuneolus (Lea, 1840)

+ Unio appressus Lea, 1871

Fusconaia ebena (Lea, 1831) = Reginaia ebenus

+ Obliquaria (Rotundaria) pusilla Rafinesque, 1820

Fusconaia edgariana (Lea, 1840) = Fusconaia cor

+ Fusconaia cor var. analoga Ortmann, 1918

Fusconaia flava (Rafinesque, 1820) = Fusconaia flava + Fusconaia cerina

+ Unio rubiginosus Lea, 1829

+ Unio cerinus Conrad, 1838

+ Unio hebetatus Conrad, 1854

+ Unio rubidus Lea, 1861

+ Fusconaia flava var. parvula Grier, 1918

Fusconaia ozarkensis (Call, 1887)

+ Pleurobema brevis subelliptica Simpson, 1900

+ Pleurobema argentea pannosa Simpson, 1900

+ Pleurobema utterbackii Frierson in Utterback, 1915

+ Quadrula (Fusconaia) flava sampsoniana Frierson, 1927

Fusconaia subrotunda (Lea, 1831) = Fusconaia subrotunda + Pleurobema sintoxia + Elliptio crassidens

+ Unio kirtlandianus Lea, 1834

+ Unio lesueurianus Lea, 1840

+ Unio pilaris Lea, 1840

+ Unio bursapastoris B.H. Wright, 1896

+ Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) kirtlandiana var. minor Simpson, 1900

+ Pleurobema missouriensis Marsh, 1901

+ Fusconaja [sic] subrotunda leucogona Ortmann, 1913

+ Unio (Elliptio) nigra var. maculata Rafinesque, 1820

Fusconaia undata (Barnes, 1823) = Fusconaia flava + Pleurobema riddellii

+ Obliquaria (Sintoxia) lateralis Rafinesque, 1820

+ Unio trigonus Lea, 1831

+ Unio friersoni B.H. Wright, 1896

+ Fusconaia selecta Wheeler, 1914

+ Fusconaia undata trigonoides Utterback, 1915

+ Fusconaia undata wagneri F.C. Baker, 1928

Glebula rotundata (Lamarck, 1819)

+ Unio suborbiculata Lamarck, 1819

Gonidea angulata (Lea, 1838)

Hemistena lata (Rafinesque, 1820)

Lampsilis abrupta (Say, 1831) = Lampsilis abrupta + Obovaria subrotunda

+ Toxolasma cyclips Rafinesque, 1831

+ Margarita (Unio) orbiculatus Lea, 1836

+ Unio crassus Conrad, 1836

Lampsilis cariosa (Say, 1817)

Lampsilis excavata (Lea, 1857) = Lampsilis ornata

Lampsilis fasciola Rafinesque, 1820

Lampsilis higginsi (Lea, 1857) = Lampsilis higginsii

+ Lampsilis (Eurynia) higginsii var. grandis Simpson, 1914

Lampsilis hydiana (Lea, 1838) = Lampsilis hydiana + Hamiota perovalis

+ Unio placitus Lea, 1852

Lampsilis ochracea (Say, 1817) = Atlanticoncha ochracea

+ Mytilus fluviatilis Gmelin, 1791

Lampsilis ovata (Say, 1817) = Lampsilis ovata + Lampsilis cardium

+ Unio ventricosus Barnes, 1823

+ Unio occidens Lea, 1829

+ Unio canadensis Lea, 1857

+ Lampsilis (s.s.) ventricosa var. lurida Simpson, 1914

+ Lampsilis ventricosa perglobosa F.C. Baker, 1928

+ Lampsilis ventricosa winnebagoensis F.C. Baker, 1928

Lampsilis powelli (Lea, 1852) = Lampsilis powellii

Lampsilis radiata radiata (Gmelin, 1791) = Lampsilis radiata

Lampsilis radiata siliquoidea (Barnes, 1823) = Lampsilis siliquoidea + Lampsilis radiata

+ Unio luteola Lamarck, 1819

+ Unio rosaceus De Kay, 1843

+ Unio superiorensis Marsh, 1897

+ Lampsilis siliquoidea pepinensis F.C. Baker, 1927

+ Lampsilis siliquoidea chadwicki F.C. Baker, 1928

Lampsilis satur (Lea, 1852) = Lampsilis satura

Lampsilis teres (Rafinesque, 1820)

+ Unio anodontoides Lea, 1831

+ Lampsilis fallaciosus Smith, 1899

Lampsilis virescens (Lea, 1858)

Lasmigona complanata (Barnes, 1823) = Pterosyna complanata

+ Unio katherinae Lea, 1838

Lasmigona compressa (Lea, 1829) = Platynaias compressa

Lasmigona costata (Rafinesque, 1820)

+ Lasmigona costata pepinensis F.C. Baker, 1928

+ Lasmigona costata nuda F.C. Baker, 1928

Lasmigona holstonia (Lea, 1838) = Alasminota holstonia + Sulcularia viridis

+ Sulcularia badia Rafinesque, 1831

Lasmigona subviridis (Conrad, 1835) = Platynaias subviridis

Lemiox rimosus (Rafinesque, 1831)

Leptodea fragilis (Rafinesque, 1820) = Potamilus fragilis

+ Lampsilis simpsoni Ferriss, 1900

+ Lampsilis gracilis lacustris F.C. Baker, 1922

Leptodea laevissima (Lea, 1829) = Potamilus ohiensis

+ Anodonta (Lastena) ohiensis Rafinesque, 1820

Leptodea leptodon (Rafinesque, 1820) = Potamilus leptodon

+ Lampsilis blatchleyi Daniels, 1902

Lexingtonia dolabelloides (Lea, 1840) = Pleuronaia dolabelloides

+ Pleurobema conradi Vanatta, 1915

Ligumia nasuta (Say, 1817) = Sagittunio nasutus

Ligumia recta (Lamarck, 1819)

+ Unio (Eurynia) latissima Rafinesque, 1820

+ Unio sageri Conrad, 1836

Ligumia subrostrata (Say, 1831) = Sagittunio subrostratus

+ Lampsilis (Eurynia) subrostrata var. furva Simpson, 1914

Margaritifera falcata (Gould, 1850)

Margaritifera margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758)

Medionidus conradicus (Lea, 1834)

+ Obliquaria plateolus Rafinesque, 1831

Megalonaias gigantea (Barnes, 1823) = Megalonaias nervosa

+ Unio (Leptodea) nervosa Rafinesque, 1820

+ Unio heros Say, 1829

Obliquaria reflexa Rafinesque, 1820

Obovaria jacksoniana (Frierson, 1912) = Obovaria arkansasensis

+ Unio castaneus Lea, 1831

Obovaria olivaria (Rafinesque, 1820)

+ Unio ellipsis Lea, 1828

Obovaria retusa (Lamarck, 1819)

Obovaria subrotunda (Rafinesque, 1820)

+ Unio (Aximedia) levigata Rafinesque, 1820

+ Unio lens Lea, 1831

+ Obovaria lens var. parva Simpson, 1914

+ Obovaria lens var. elongata Simpson, 1914

+ Obovaria subrotunda globula Morrison, 1942

Pegias fabula (Lea, 1836)

Plagiola arcaeformis (Lea, 1831) = Epioblasma arcaeformis

Plagiola biemarginata (Lea, 1857) = Epioblasma biemarginata

Plagiola capsaeformis (Lea, 1834) = Epioblasma capsaeformis

Plagiola flexuosa (Rafinesque, 1820) = Epioblasma flexuosa

Plagiola florentina (Lea, 1857) = Epioblasma florentina + Epioblasma curtisii

+ Truncilla curtisii Frierson & Utterback in Utterback, 1916

Plagiola haysiana (Lea, 1834) = Epioblasma haysiana

Plagiola interrupta (Rafinesque, 1820) = Ptychobranchus fasciolaris

Plagiola lenior (Lea, 1840) = Epioblasma lenior

Plagiola obliquata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Epioblasma obliquata

+ Unio sulcatus Lea, 1829

Plagiola personata (Say, 1829) = Epioblasma personata

Plagiola propinqua (Lea, 1857) = Epioblasma propinqua

Plagiola sampsonii (Lea, 1862) = Epioblasma sampsonii

Plagiola stewardsoni (Lea, 1852) = Epioblasma stewardsonii

Plagiola torulosa (Rafinesque, 1820) = Epioblasma torulosa

Plagiola triquetra (Rafinesque, 1820) = Epioblasma triquetra

Plagiola turgidula (Lea, 1858) = Epioblasma turgidula

+ Truncilla lefevrei Utterback, 1916

Plectomerus dombeyanus (Valenciennes, 1827)

+ Unio trapezoides Lea, 1831

Plethobasus cicatricosus (Say, 1829) = Plethobasus cicatricosus + Reginaia ebenus

+ Obovaria pachostea Rafinesque, 1820

Plethobasus cooperianus (Lea, 1834) = Plethobasus cooperianus + Obovaria subrotunda

+ Obovaria striata Rafinesque, 1820

Plethobasus cyphyus (Rafinesque, 1820)

+ Unio aesopus Green, 1827

+ Unio compertus Frierson, 1911

Pleurobema clava (Lamarck, 1819)

Pleurobema cordatum (Rafinesque, 1820) = Pleurobema cordatum + Pleurobema plenum + Pleurobema sintoxia

+ Unio obliqua Lamarck, 1819

+ Unio plenus Lea, 1840

+ Unio coccineus Conrad, 1836

+ Unio coccineus Lea, 1838

+ Unio catillus Conrad, 1836

+ Unio solidus Lea, 1838

+ Obliquaria (Sintoxia) sintoxia Rafinesque, 1820

+ Unio cuneus Conrad, 1838

+ Unio gouldianus Ward in Jay, 1839

+ Unio fulgidus Lea, 1845

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Pleurobema gibberum (Lea, 1838) = Pleuronaia gibber

Pleurobema oviformis (Conrad, 1834) = Pleurobema oviforme

+ Unio argenteus Lea, 1841

+ Unio holstonensis Lea, 1840

Proptera alata (Say, 1817) = Potamilus alatus

+ Metaptera megaptera Rafinesque, 1820

Proptera capax (Green, 1832) = Potamilus capax

+ Symphynota globosa Lea, 1834

Proptera purpurata (Lamarck, 1819) = Potamilus purpuratus

Ptychobranchus fasciolare (Rafinesque, 1820) = Ptychobranchus fasciolaris

Ptychobranchus greeni (Conrad, 1834) = Ptychobranchus greenii

Ptychobranchus occidentalis (Conrad, 1836)

+ Ptychobranchus clintonensis Simpson, 1900

Ptychobranchus subtentum (Say, 1825) = Ptychobranchus subtentus

Quadrula apiculata (Say, 1829) = Quadrula quadrula

Quadrula cylindrica (Say, 1817) = Theliderma cylindrica

+ Unio cylindricus var. strigillatus B.H. Wright, 1898

Quadrula intermedia (Conrad, 1836) = Theliderma intermedia

Quadrula metanevra (Rafinesque, 1820) = Theliderma metanevra

+ Unio wardii Lea, 1861

Quadrula nodulata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Pustulosa nodulata

+ Unio pustulatus Lea, 1831

Quadrula pustulosa (Lea, 1831) = Pustulosa pustulosa + Pustulosa kieneriana

+ Obliquaria (Quadrula) bullata Rafinesque, 1820

+ Unio schoolcraftensis Lea, 1834

+ Unio kienerianus Lea, 1852

+ Unio asperatus Lea, 1861

+ Unio refulgens Lea, 1868

Quadrula quadrula (Rafinesque, 1820) = Quadrula quadrula + Quadrula fragosa + Pustulosa pustulosa + Quadrula nobilis

+ Unio rugosus Barnes, 1823

+ Unio lacrymosus Lea, 1828

+ Unio asperrimus Lea, 1831

+ Unio fragosus Conrad, 1835

+ Unio asper Lea, 1831

+ Unio prasinus Conrad, 1834

+ Unio nobilis Conrad, 1854

+ Quadrula quadrula contraryensis Utterback, 1915

+ Quadrula (Quadrula) quadrula bullocki F.C. Baker, 1928

Quadrula tuberosa (Lea, 1840) = Theliderma metanevra + Theliderma sparsa + Theliderma intermedia

+ Unio sparsus Lea, 1841

+ Quadrula biangulata Morrison, 1942

Simpsoniconcha ambigua (Say, 1825) = Simpsonaias ambigua

Strophitus undulatus (Say, 1817)

+ Anodon rugosus Swainson, 1822

+ Alasmodonta edentula Say, 1829

+ Anodonta pavonia Lea, 1838

+ Strophitus undulatus tennesseensis Frierson, 1927

+ Strophitus undulatus ovatus Frierson, 1927

+ Strophitus rugosus pepinensis F.C. Baker, 1928

+ Strophitus rugosus winnebagoensis F.C. Baker, 1928

+ Strophitus rugosus lacustris F.C. Baker, 1928

Tritogonia verrucosa (Rafinesque, 1820) = Quadrula verrucosa

+ Unio tuberculatus Barnes, 1823

Truncilla donaciformis (Lea, 1828)

Truncilla truncata Rafinesque, 1820

+ Unio elegans Lea, 1831

+ Truncilla truncata var. lacustris F.C. Baker, 1928

Uniomerus tetralasmus (Say, 1831)

+ Unio camptodon Say, 1832

+ Unio sayii Ward in Tappan, 1839

Villosa arkansasensis (Lea, 1862) = Obovaria arkansasensis

Villosa fabalis (Lea, 1831) = Paetulunio fabalis

Villosa iris (Lea, 1829) = Cambarunio iris + Cambarunio nebulosus

+ Unio nebulosus Conrad, 1834

Villosa lienosa (Conrad, 1834) = Leaunio lienosus

Villosa ortmanni (Walker, 1925) = Leaunio ortmanni

Villosa reeviana [sic] (Lea, 1852) = Lampsilis reeveiana + Lampsilis brittsi

+ Unio breviculus Call, 1887

+ Lampsilis brittsi Simpson, 1900

Villosa taeniata (Conrad, 1834) = Cambarunio taeniatus

+ Obliquaria (Aximedia) teneltus Rafinesque, 1831

Villosa trabalis (Conrad, 1834) = Venustaconcha trabalis

+ Unio perpurpureus Lea, 1861

Villosa vanuxemensis (Lea, 1838) = Leaunio vanuxemensis

Villosa vibex (Conrad, 1834) = Villosa vibex + Lampsilis streckeri

+ Lampsilis (Ligumia) streckeri Frierson, 1927

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