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Data last updated
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genus Venustaconcha Frierson, 1927: cladomics

5 Recent valid species (5 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 5 (5 total)
analyzed in 92 cladograms in 55 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 3 (mean = 1.07, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 5
maximum number of included terminals = 3, (mean = 2.2 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Venustaconcha cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Venustaconcha cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Lane et al., 2016 [Publ 3735], fig. 3

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	0	4	2	2	2	0

  +----- Paetulunio                 
  |                                 
  +----- Epioblasma                 
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_trabalis__1 **  
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_trabalis__2 **  
  +--+                              
     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
     |                              
     +-- Venustaconcha_pleasii **

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	55	47	22	--

                                   +-- Cyrtonaias                 
  +--------------------------------+                              
  |                                +-- Glebula                    
  |                                                               
--+  +-------------------------------- Paetulunio                 
  |  |                                                            
  |  |                             +-- Obliquaria                 
  +--+  +--------------------------+                              
     |  |                          +-- Toxolasma                  
     |  |                                                         
     |  |  +-------------------------- Sagittunio                 
     +--+  |                                                      
        |  |              +----------- Potamilus                  
        |  |              |                                       
        |  |  +-----------+        +-- Medionidus_conradicus      
        |  |  |           |  +-----+                              
        +--+  |           |  |     +-- Ptychobranchus             
           |  |           +--+                                    
           |  |              |  +----- Medionidus_acutissimus     
           |  |              |  |                                 
           |  |              +--+----- Lemiox                     
           |  |                 |                                 
           |  |                 |  +-- Dromus                     
           +--+                 +--+                              
              |                    +-- Cyprogenia                 
              |                                                   
              |                 +----- Lampsilis_teres            
              |  +--------------+                                 
              |  |              |  +-- Truncilla                  
              |  |              +--+                              
              |  |                 +-- Ellipsaria                 
              |  |                                                
              +--+  +----------------- Leaunio                    
                 |  |                                             
                 |  |     +----------- Hamiota                    
                 |  |     |                                       
                 |  |  +--+        +-- Lampsilis_fasciola         
                 +--+  |  |  +-----+                              
                    |  |  |  |     +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa      
                    |  |  +--+                                    
                    |  |     |  +----- Lampsilis_ornata           
                    |  |     +--+                                 
                    |  |        |  +-- Lampsilis_ovata            
                    +--+        +--+                              
                       |           +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
                       |                                          
                       |        +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
                       |  +-----+                                 
                       |  |     |  +-- Obovaria                   
                       |  |     +--+                              
                       +--+        +-- Epioblasma                 
                          |                                       
                          |  +-------- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
                          +--+                                    
                             |  +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina    
                             +--+                                 
                                |  +-- Cambarunio                 
                                +--+                              
                                   +-- Ligumia

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	71	13	10	--

  +-------------------- Obliquaria                 
  |                                                
  |              +----- Potamilus                  
--+  +-----------+                                 
  |  |           |  +-- Dromus                     
  |  |           +--+                              
  +--+              +-- Lemiox                     
     |                                             
     |  +-------------- Lampsilis_ovata            
     |  |                                          
     +--+  +----------- Lampsilis_virescens        
        |  |                                       
        +--+        +-- Epioblasma                 
           |  +-----+                              
           |  |     +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis     
           +--+                                    
              |  +----- Obovaria_olivaria          
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Venustaconcha_pleasii **

Gangloff et al., 2013 [Publ 3551], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	2	2	2	--

     +-- Ligumia                    
  +--+                              
  |  +-- Sagittunio                 
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  +--+                              
     +-- Venustaconcha_pleasii **

Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	3	2	2	--

  +-------- Lampsilis                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Epioblasma                 
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Venustaconcha_pleasii **      
     +--+                              
        +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	71	13	10	--

  +----------------- Potamilus_alatus           
  |                                             
  +----------------- Potamilus_capax            
  |                                             
  +----------------- Glebula                    
  |                                             
  |              +-- Toxolasma                  
  +--------------+                              
--+              +-- Paetulunio                 
  |                                             
  |              +-- Dromus                     
  +--------------+                              
  |              +-- Lemiox                     
  |                                             
  |              +-- Lampsilis_ovata            
  |  +-----------+                              
  |  |           +-- Obliquaria                 
  +--+                                          
     |  +----------- Lampsilis_virescens        
     |  |                                       
     +--+        +-- Epioblasma                 
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis     
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Obovaria_olivaria          
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
              +--+                              
                 +-- Venustaconcha_pleasii **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	6	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	91	10	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
        |  |                                    
        |  |     +-- Lampsilis_powellii         
        +--+-----+                              
           |     +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
           |                                    
           |  +----- Lampsilis_ornata           
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_cariosa

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	53	4	4	--

  +----------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Leaunio                    
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Lampsilis                  
        +--+                              
           +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	38	5	3	--

  +----------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                       
--+  +-------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                    
  +--+     +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
     |  +--+                              
     |  |  +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
        +--+                              
           +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	45	4	3	--

  +-------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Lampsilis                  
     +--+                              
        +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	20	1	1	--

  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
--+                              
  +-- Lampsilis

Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	18	7	3	--

  +-------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                          
--+  +----------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                       
  +--+        +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
     |  +-----+                              
     |  |     +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii         
           +--+                              
              +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	9	1	1	--

  +-- Lampsilis                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	73	8	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     +--+        +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	52	5	4	--

  +----------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Leaunio                    
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Lampsilis                  
        +--+                              
           +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	24	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  +--+                              
     +-- Lampsilis

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	20	12	10	--

  +-------------------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                                      
--+  +----------------------- Obliquaria                 
  |  |                                                   
  |  |                    +-- Cyrtonaias                 
  +--+  +-----------------+                              
     |  |                 +-- Glebula                    
     |  |                                                
     +--+                 +-- Ptychobranchus             
        |  +--------------+                              
        |  |              +-- Lemiox                     
        |  |                                             
        +--+              +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           |  +-----------+                              
           |  |           +-- Obovaria                   
           +--+                                          
              |  +----------- Hamiota                    
              +--+                                       
                 |  +-------- Lampsilis_ovata            
                 +--+                                    
                    |  +----- Ortmanniana                
                    +--+                                 
                       |  +-- Lampsilis_straminea        
                       +--+                              
                          +-- Lampsilis_hydiana

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	15	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  +--+                              
     +-- Lampsilis

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	30	4	3	--

  +-------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
     +--+                              
        +-- Lampsilis

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	6	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	18	1	1	--

  +-- Potamilus                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	4	2	--

  +----- Potamilus                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  +--+                              
     +-- Lampsilis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	55	6	4	--

  +----------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Leaunio                    
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
        +--+                              
           +-- Lampsilis

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	95	10	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     |  |     +----- Lampsilis_ornata           
     +--+  +--+                                 
        |  |  |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
        |  |  +--+                              
        +--+     +-- Lampsilis_cariosa          
           |                                    
           |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii         
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	29	1	1	--

  +-- Toxolasma                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	56	47	22	--

                                      +-- Paetulunio                 
  +-----------------------------------+                              
  |                                   +-- Toxolasma                  
  |                                                                  
  |                                +----- Obliquaria                 
  |  +-----------------------------+                                 
--+  |                             |  +-- Glebula                    
  |  |                             +--+                              
  |  |                                +-- Cyrtonaias                 
  |  |                                                               
  |  |                             +----- Ptychobranchus             
  |  |                          +--+                                 
  +--+                          |  |  +-- Dromus                     
     |                          |  +--+                              
     |  +-----------------------+     +-- Cyprogenia                 
     |  |                       |                                    
     |  |                       |  +----- Medionidus_conradicus      
     |  |                       +--+                                 
     |  |                          |  +-- Medionidus_acutissimus     
     |  |                          +--+                              
     +--+                             +-- Lemiox                     
        |                                                            
        |  +----------------------------- Sagittunio                 
        |  |                                                         
        |  +----------------------------- Potamilus                  
        |  |                                                         
        |  |                          +-- Truncilla                  
        +--+  +-----------------------+                              
           |  |                       +-- Ellipsaria                 
           |  |                                                      
           |  |                       +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa      
           |  |                 +-----+                              
           |  |                 |     +-- Lampsilis_fasciola         
           +--+  +--------------+                                    
              |  |              |  +----- Lampsilis_ornata           
              |  |              +--+                                 
              |  |                 |  +-- Lampsilis_ovata            
              |  |                 +--+                              
              |  |                    +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
              +--+                                                   
                 |                    +-- Ligumia                    
                 |                 +--+                              
                 |                 |  +-- Cambarunio                 
                 |  +--------------+                                 
                 |  |              |  +-- Lampsilis_teres            
                 |  |              +--+                              
                 +--+                 +-- Hamiota                    
                    |                                                
                    |  +----------------- Leaunio                    
                    |  |                                             
                    +--+  +-------------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina    
                       |  |                                          
                       +--+  +----------- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
                          |  |                                       
                          +--+  +-------- Obovaria_olivaria          
                             |  |                                    
                             |  +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
                             +--+                                    
                                +-------- Epioblasma                 
                                |                                    
                                |  +----- Obovaria_unicolor          
                                +--+                                 
                                   |  +-- Obovaria_subrotunda        
                                   +--+                              
                                      +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	7	1	1	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	95	10	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     |  |     +----- Lampsilis_ornata           
     +--+  +--+                                 
        |  |  |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
        |  |  +--+                              
        +--+     +-- Lampsilis_cariosa          
           |                                    
           |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii         
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	20	12	10	--

  +-------------------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                                      
--+  +----------------------- Obliquaria                 
  |  |                                                   
  |  |                    +-- Cyrtonaias                 
  +--+  +-----------------+                              
     |  |                 +-- Glebula                    
     |  |                                                
     +--+                 +-- Ptychobranchus             
        |  +--------------+                              
        |  |              +-- Lemiox                     
        |  |                                             
        +--+              +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           |  +-----------+                              
           |  |           +-- Obovaria                   
           +--+                                          
              |  +----------- Hamiota                    
              +--+                                       
                 |  +-------- Lampsilis_ovata            
                 +--+                                    
                    |  +----- Ortmanniana                
                    +--+                                 
                       |  +-- Lampsilis_straminea        
                       +--+                              
                          +-- Lampsilis_hydiana

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	30	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Lampsilis                  
  +--+                              
     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	17	2	2	--

  +----- Lampsilis                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Epioblasma                 
  +--+                              
     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	1	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	7	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	7	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	19	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  +--+                              
     +-- Lampsilis

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	36	5	3	--

  +----------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                       
--+  +-------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                    
  +--+     +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
     |  +--+                              
     |  |  +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
        +--+                              
           +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	6	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	73	8	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     +--+        +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	200	13	11	--

  +-------------- Potamilus_leptodon         
  |                                          
  |  +----------- Potamilus_alatus           
--+  |                                       
  |  |  +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  |  |  |                                    
  +--+  +-------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                    
     |  |     +-- Ellipsaria                 
     |  +-----+                              
     +--+     +-- Truncilla                  
        |                                    
        |     +-- Medionidus                 
        +-----+                              
        |     +-- Ptychobranchus             
        |                                    
        |  +----- Cambarunio                 
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Ortmanniana                
           +--+                              
              +-- Lampsilis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	200	13	11	--

  +----- Ellipsaria                 
  |                                 
  +----- Potamilus_leptodon         
  |                                 
  +----- Medionidus                 
  |                                 
  +----- Potamilus_alatus           
  |                                 
  +----- Ptychobranchus             
--+                                 
  +----- Truncilla                  
  |                                 
  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  |                                 
  +----- Cambarunio                 
  |                                 
  +----- Leaunio                    
  |                                 
  |  +-- Ortmanniana                
  +--+                              
     +-- Lampsilis

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	53	7	3	--

  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |                                          
--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
  |  |                                       
  +--+        +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
     |  +-----+                              
     |  |     +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii         
           +--+                              
              +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	11	1	1	--

  +-- Toxolasma                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	11	1	1	--

  +-- Toxolasma                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	32	25	17	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma            
  |                                       
  |  +-------------- Potamilus            
  |  |                                    
  |  |           +-- Ellipsaria           
  |  +-----------+                        
--+  |           +-- Truncilla            
  |  |                                    
  |  |        +----- Medionidus           
  |  +--------+                           
  |  |        |  +-- Lemiox               
  |  |        +--+                        
  +--+           +-- Dromus               
     |                                    
     |  +----------- Cambarunio           
     |  |                                 
     |  +----------- Leaunio              
     |  |                                 
     |  +----------- Villosa              
     |  |                                 
     |  |        +-- Sagittunio           
     |  +--------+                        
     +--+        +-- Lampsilis_ovata      
        |                                 
        |     +----- Venustaconcha_pleasii **
        +-----+                           
        |     |  +-- Epioblasma           
        |     +--+                        
        |        +-- Obovaria             
        |                                 
        |  +-------- Lampsilis_teres      
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Lampsilis_hydiana    
              +--+                        
                 +-- Lampsilis_straminea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	22	1	1	--

  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
--+                              
  +-- Potamilus

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	1	1	--

  +-- Lampsilis                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	40	35	19	--

  +----------------------- Obliquaria                 
  |                                                   
  |                    +-- Medionidus                 
  |                 +--+                              
  |                 |  +-- Lemiox                     
--+  +--------------+                                 
  |  |              |  +-- Cyprogenia                 
  |  |              +--+                              
  |  |                 +-- Ptychobranchus             
  |  |                                                
  +--+           +-------- Potamilus                  
     |  +--------+                                    
     |  |        |  +----- Atlanticoncha              
     |  |        +--+                                 
     |  |           |  +-- Ellipsaria                 
     |  |           +--+                              
     +--+              +-- Truncilla                  
        |                                             
        |              +-- Hamiota                    
        |  +-----------+                              
        |  |           +-- Villosa                    
        |  |                                          
        +--+  +----------- Ligumia                    
           |  |                                       
           |  |     +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+  +--+                                 
              |  |  |  +-- Obovaria                   
              |  |  +--+                              
              +--+     +-- Epioblasma                 
                 |                                    
                 |  +----- Ortmanniana_pectorosa      
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina    
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Lampsilis

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	16	1	1	--

  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
--+                              
  +-- Potamilus

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	24	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  +--+                              
     +-- Lampsilis

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	47	4	3	--

  +-------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
     +--+                              
        +-- Lampsilis

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	21	1	1	--

  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
--+                              
  +-- Potamilus

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	18	1	1	--

  +-- Potamilus                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	39	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Lampsilis                  
  +--+                              
     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	6	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	8	3	--

  +----------- Potamilus                  
  |                                       
--+        +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
  |  +-----+                              
  |  |     +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
        +--+                              
           +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	73	8	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     +--+        +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	40	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  +--+                              
     +-- Potamilus

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	38	0	2	101	42	22	45

           +----- Obliquaria                    
  +--------+                                    
  |        |  +-- Cyrtonaias                    
  |        +--+                                 
  |           +-- Glebula                       
  |                                             
  |  +----------- Sagittunio                    
  |  |                                          
  |  +----------- Leaunio                       
  |  |                                          
  |  +----------- Potamilus                     
  |  |                                          
  |  +----------- Hamiota                       
  |  |                                          
  |  |        +-- Ellipsaria                    
--+  +--------+                                 
  |  |        +-- Truncilla                     
  |  |                                          
  |  |     +----- Lampsilis_teres               
  |  +-----+                                    
  |  |     |  +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina       
  |  |     +--+                                 
  |  |        +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea         
  |  |                                          
  |  |     +----- Villosa                       
  |  +-----+                                    
  |  |     |  +-- Ligumia                       
  |  |     +--+                                 
  |  |        +-- Cambarunio                    
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +-------- Ortmanniana_pectorosa         
     +--+                                       
     |  |  +----- Lampsilis_ornata              
     |  +--+                                    
     |     |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium             
     |     +--+                                 
     |        +-- Lampsilis_ovata               
     |                                          
     |  +-------- Obovaria_olivaria             
     |  |                                       
     |  +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2 **
     +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Epioblasma                    
     |  |                                       
     |  |  +----- Obovaria_unicolor             
     |  +--+                                    
     |     |  +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis        
     |     +--+                                 
     |        +-- Obovaria_subrotunda           
     |                                          
     |        +-- Ptychobranchus                
     |  +-----+                                 
     |  |     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1 **
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +----- Medionidus_conradicus         
        |  |                                    
        |  |  +-- Lemiox                        
        +--+--+                                 
           |  +-- Medionidus_acutissimus        
           |                                    
           |  +-- Dromus                        
           +--+                                 
              +-- Cyprogenia

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	43	4	3	--

  +-------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Lampsilis                  
     +--+                              
        +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	87	9	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     +--+        +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii         
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	15	4	3	--

  +-------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Lampsilis                  
     +--+                              
        +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	19	3	2	--

  +----- Potamilus                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  +--+                              
     +-- Lampsilis

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	22	1	1	--

  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
--+                              
  +-- Potamilus

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	9	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	36	11	7	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Ellipsaria                 
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Truncilla                  
     |  |                                       
     +--+        +-- Lemiox                     
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Potamilus                  
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Lampsilis                  
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Cambarunio                 
              +--+                              
                 +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	85	8	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     +--+        +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii         
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	198	13	11	--

  +-------------------- Potamilus_leptodon         
  |                                                
--+  +----------------- Potamilus_alatus           
  |  |                                             
  |  |              +-- Medionidus                 
  +--+  +-----------+                              
     |  |           +-- Ptychobranchus             
     |  |                                          
     +--+           +-- Ellipsaria                 
        |  +--------+                              
        |  |        +-- Truncilla                  
        +--+                                       
           |  +-------- Leaunio                    
           |  |                                    
           +--+     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
              |  +--+                              
              |  |  +-- Cambarunio                 
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Ortmanniana                
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Lampsilis

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	31	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Lampsilis                  
  +--+                              
     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	19	1	1	--

  +-- Potamilus                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	7	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	15	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Lampsilis                  
  +--+                              
     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	21	1	1	--

  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
--+                              
  +-- Potamilus

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	41	4	3	--

  +-------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Lampsilis                  
     +--+                              
        +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	37	11	7	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +-- Lemiox                     
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        +-- Lampsilis                  
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Potamilus                  
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Cambarunio                 
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Ellipsaria                 
              +--+                              
                 +-- Truncilla

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	12	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	11	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	48	4	3	--

  +-------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
     +--+                              
        +-- Lampsilis

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	21	1	1	--

  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
--+                              
  +-- Lampsilis

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	43	4	3	--

  +-------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Lampsilis                  
     +--+                              
        +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	40	2	2	--

  +----- Toxolasma                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
  +--+                              
     +-- Potamilus

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	1	1	--

  +-- Potamilus                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	91	10	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     |  |     +----- Lampsilis_ornata           
     +--+  +--+                                 
        |  |  |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
        |  |  +--+                              
        +--+     +-- Lampsilis_cariosa          
           |                                    
           |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii         
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	68	7	3	--

  +-------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                          
--+  +----------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                       
  +--+        +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
     |  +-----+                              
     |  |     +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea      
           +--+                              
              +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	38	0	2	101	42	22	45

                       +-------- Toxolasma                     
  +--------------------+                                       
  |                    |  +----- Obliquaria                    
  |                    +--+                                    
  |                       |  +-- Cyrtonaias                    
  |                       +--+                                 
  |                          +-- Glebula                       
  |                                                            
  |              +-------------- Potamilus                     
  |              |                                             
  |              |     +-------- Medionidus_acutissimus        
--+              |  +--+                                       
  |  +-----------+  |  |  +----- Lemiox                        
  |  |           |  |  +--+                                    
  |  |           |  |     |  +-- Dromus                        
  |  |           |  |     +--+                                 
  |  |           +--+        +-- Cyprogenia                    
  |  |              |                                          
  |  |              |        +-- Sagittunio                    
  |  |              |     +--+                                 
  |  |              |     |  +-- Medionidus_conradicus         
  +--+              +-----+                                    
     |                    |  +-- Ptychobranchus                
     |                    +--+                                 
     |                       +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2 **
     |                                                         
     |                       +-- Ellipsaria                    
     |  +--------------------+                                 
     |  |                    +-- Truncilla                     
     |  |                                                      
     |  |  +-------------------- Villosa                       
     +--+  |                                                   
        |  |                 +-- Obovaria_olivaria             
        |  |        +--------+                                 
        |  |        |        +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1 **
        |  |  +-----+                                          
        +--+  |     |  +-------- Epioblasma                    
           |  |     +--+                                       
           |  |        |  +----- Obovaria_unicolor             
           |  |        +--+                                    
           |  |           |  +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis        
           |  |           +--+                                 
           |  |              +-- Obovaria_subrotunda           
           +--+                                                
              |        +-------- Hamiota                       
              |        |                                       
              |  +-----+     +-- Lampsilis_cardium             
              |  |     |  +--+                                 
              |  |     |  |  +-- Lampsilis_ovata               
              |  |     +--+                                    
              |  |        |  +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa         
              +--+        +--+                                 
                 |           +-- Lampsilis_ornata              
                 |                                             
                 |           +-- Ligumia                       
                 |  +--------+                                 
                 |  |        +-- Cambarunio                    
                 +--+                                          
                    |  +-------- Lampsilis_teres               
                    +--+                                       
                       |  +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina       
                       +--+                                    
                          |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea         
                          +--+                                 
                             +-- Leaunio

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	52	8	4	--

  +----------------- Toxolasma                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Potamilus                  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Leaunio                    
     |  |                                       
     +--+        +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Lampsilis_ornata           
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii         
              +--+                              
                 +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	8	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	12	0	0	--

-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	6	1	1	--

  +-- Lampsilis                  
--+                              
  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	30	4	3	--

  +-------- Toxolasma                  
--+                                    
  |  +----- Potamilus                  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
     +--+                              
        +-- Lampsilis

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	40	2	1	--

  +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis **
--+                              
  +-- Lampsilis

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