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Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae | Gonideini

genus Sinosolenaia Bolotov, Kondakov, Konopleva & Vikhrev, 2021: cladomics

4 Recent valid species (4 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 4 (4 total)
analyzed in 119 cladograms in 66 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 4 (mean = 1.85, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 65
maximum number of included terminals = 4, (mean = 2.55 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.83

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Sinosolenaia cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Sinosolenaia cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 7 7 6 43 3 2 0 
           +----- Parvasolenaia_rivularis   
  +--------+                                
  |        |  +-- Parvasolenaia_triangularis
  |        +--+                             
  |           +-- Ptychorhynchus            
--+                                         
  |           +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **     
  |  +--------+                             
  |  |        +-- Lamprotula                
  +--+                                      
     |  +-------- Sinosolenaia_recognita **    
     |  |                                   
     +--+  +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__2 **  
        |  |                                
        +--+  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__1 **  
           |  |                             
           +--+-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **     
              |                             
              +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__3 **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 44 13 11 8 
              +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  +-----------+                               
  |           |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  |           +--+                            
  |              |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
  |              +--+                         
--+                 +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
  |                                           
  |              +----- Gonidea               
  |  +-----------+                            
  |  |           |  +-- Leguminaia            
  |  |           +--+                         
  +--+              +-- Microcondylaea        
     |                                        
     |  +-------------- Pseudopostolata       
     |  |                                     
     +--+           +-- Koreosolenaia         
        |  +--------+                         
        |  |        +-- Parvasolenaia         
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------- Postolata             
           |  |                               
           +--+     +-- Obovalis              
              |  +--+                         
              |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus        
              +--+                            
                 |  +-- Guiunio               
                 +--+                         
                    +-- Cosmopseudodon

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 41 3 2 8 
  +-------------- Parvasolenaia         
--+                                     
  |  +----------- Ptychorhynchus        
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
           +--+                         
              +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 6 4 4 4 2 2 9 
     +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
  |  +--+                         
--+     +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
  |                               
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Parvasolenaia         
     +--+                         
        +-- Koreosolenaia

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 41 10 9 8 
        +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  +-----+                               
  |     |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  |     +--+                            
  |        |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
  |        +--+                         
  |           +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
--+                                     
  |        +----- Gonidea               
  |  +-----+                            
  |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia            
  |  |     +--+                         
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea        
  +--+                                  
     |        +-- Koreosolenaia         
     |  +-----+                         
     |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia         
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Postolata             
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Ptychorhynchus        
           +--+                         
              +-- Obovalis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 197 6 6 8 
     +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  +--+                               
  |  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  |  +--+                            
  |     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
  |     +--+                         
--+        +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
  |                                  
  |     +----- Gonidea               
  |  +--+                            
  |  |  |  +-- Leguminaia            
  |  |  +--+                         
  +--+     +-- Microcondylaea        
     |                               
     |     +-- Ptychorhynchus        
     |     |                         
     +-----+-- Parvasolenaia         
           |                         
           +-- Koreosolenaia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 10 6 4 197 6 6 11 
  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  |                               
  |  +----- Gonidea               
  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Leguminaia            
  |  +--+                         
  |     +-- Microcondylaea        
--+                               
  |  +----- Ptychorhynchus        
  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Parvasolenaia         
  |  +--+                         
  |     +-- Koreosolenaia         
  |                               
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
     +--+                         
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 24 8 7 8 
  +----------------- Inversidens           
  |                                        
  |     +----------- Microcondylaea        
  |  +--+                                  
--+  |  |  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  |  |  +--+                               
  |  |     |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  |  |     +--+                            
  +--+        |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
     |        +--+                         
     |           +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
     |                                     
     |  +----------- Parvasolenaia         
     +--+                                  
        |  +-------- Koreosolenaia         
        +--+                               
           |  +----- Ptychorhynchus        
           +--+                            
              |  +-- Postolata             
              +--+                         
                 +-- Cosmopseudodon

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 118 8 8 8 
        +-------- Inversidens           
        |                               
  +-----+     +-- Obovalis              
  |     |  +--+                         
  |     |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus        
  |     +--+                            
  |        |  +-- Parvasolenaia         
  |        +--+                         
--+           +-- Koreosolenaia         
  |                                     
  |        +----- Gonidea               
  |  +-----+                            
  |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia            
  |  |     +--+                         
  +--+        +-- Microcondylaea        
     |                                  
     |  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
           +--+                         
              +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 41 10 9 8 
        +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  +-----+                               
  |     |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  |     +--+                            
  |        |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
  |        +--+                         
  |           +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
--+                                     
  |        +----- Gonidea               
  |  +-----+                            
  |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia            
  |  |     +--+                         
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea        
  +--+                                  
     |        +-- Koreosolenaia         
     |  +-----+                         
     |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia         
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Postolata             
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Ptychorhynchus        
           +--+                         
              +-- Obovalis

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 9 0 5 108 5 5 13 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **    
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1 **
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **    
  |                            
  +-- Leguminaia               
  |                            
  +-- Microcondylaea           
--+                            
  +-- Gonidea                  
  |                            
  +-- Ptychorhynchus           
  |                            
  +-- Parvasolenaia            
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2 **
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 16 0 5 114 5 5 17 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **    
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1 **
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **    
  |                            
  +-- Leguminaia               
  |                            
  +-- Microcondylaea           
  |                            
  +-- Gonidea                  
  |                            
  +-- Ptychorhynchus           
  |                            
  +-- Parvasolenaia            
  |                            
--+-- Lamprotula_leaii         
  |                            
  +-- Lamprotula               
  |                            
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata       
  |                            
  +-- Potomida                 
  |                            
  +-- Pronodularia             
  |                            
  +-- Sinohyriopsis            
  |                            
  +-- Chamberlainia            
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2 **
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 43 12 10 8 
              +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  +-----------+                               
  |           |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  |           +--+                            
  |              |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
  |              +--+                         
--+                 +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
  |                                           
  |              +----- Gonidea               
  |  +-----------+                            
  |  |           |  +-- Leguminaia            
  |  |           +--+                         
  +--+              +-- Microcondylaea        
     |                                        
     |  +-------------- Pseudopostolata       
     |  |                                     
     +--+           +-- Parvasolenaia         
        |  +--------+                         
        |  |        +-- Koreosolenaia         
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------- Postolata             
           +--+                               
              |  +----- Ptychorhynchus        
              +--+                            
                 |  +-- Obovalis              
                 +--+                         
                    +-- Cosmopseudodon

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 89 4 4 9 
  +-------------- Inversidens          
  |                                    
--+           +-- Parvasolenaia        
  |  +--------+                        
  |  |        +-- Ptychorhynchus       
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------- Microcondylaea       
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
           +--+                        
              +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 51 6 5 9 
     +-------- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                              
  |  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |  +--+                           
  |     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
--+     +--+                        
  |        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
  |                                 
  |  +-------- Parvasolenaia        
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Ptychorhynchus       
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Postolata            
        +--+                        
           +-- Cosmopseudodon

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 93 3 3 9 
  +----------- Microcondylaea       
  |                                 
--+        +-- Parvasolenaia        
  |  +-----+                        
  |  |     +-- Ptychorhynchus       
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
        +--+                        
           +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 93 3 3 9 
           +-- Ptychorhynchus       
  +--------+                        
  |        +-- Microcondylaea       
--+                                 
  |  +-------- Parvasolenaia        
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
        +--+                        
           +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 136 4 3 9 
     +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
  |  +--+                         
--+     +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  |                               
  |  +----- Gonidea               
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Microcondylaea        
     +--+                         
        +-- Leguminaia

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 7 4 3 136 4 3 12 
  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  |                               
  |     +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
--+-----+                         
  |     +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  |                               
  |  +----- Gonidea               
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Microcondylaea        
     +--+                         
        +-- Leguminaia

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 31 1 1 9 
  +-------- Parvasolenaia        
--+                              
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 13 0 3 122 4 3 14 
  +-- Chamberlainia         
  |                         
  +-- Sinohyriopsis         
  |                         
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata    
  |                         
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii      
  |                         
  +-- Potomida              
  |                         
  +-- Pronodularia          
  |                         
--+-- Gonidea               
  |                         
  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi  
  |                         
  +-- Leguminaia            
  |                         
  +-- Microcondylaea        
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 196 6 6 9 
        +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  +-----+                            
  |     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
  |     +--+                         
  |        +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
--+                                  
  |     +----- Gonidea               
  |  +--+                            
  |  |  |  +-- Leguminaia            
  |  |  +--+                         
  +--+     +-- Microcondylaea        
     |                               
     |  +----- Ptychorhynchus        
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia         
        +--+                         
           +-- Koreosolenaia

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 89 4 4 9 
  +-------------- Inversidens          
  |                                    
--+           +-- Parvasolenaia        
  |  +--------+                        
  |  |        +-- Ptychorhynchus       
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------- Microcondylaea       
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
           +--+                        
              +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 37 2 2 -- 
     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +--+                        
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                           
  |  +-- Parvasolenaia        
  +--+                        
     +-- Microcondylaea

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 44 1 1 -- 
  +----- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 19 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 3 3 -- 
        +-- Ptychorhynchus        
  +-----+                         
  |     +-- Parvasolenaia         
--+                               
  |  +----- Microcondylaea        
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
     +--+                         
        +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Parvasolenaia        
--+                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 23 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 1 1 -- 
  +----- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 54 2 2 -- 
     +-- Ptychorhynchus       
  +--+                        
  |  +-- Parvasolenaia        
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 28 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 5 0 2 51 3 3 12 
  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |                              
--+  +----- Gonidea              
  |  |                           
  +--+----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
     |                           
     |  +-- Parvasolenaia        
     +--+                        
        +-- Ptychorhynchus

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 89 6 6 -- 
        +----- Gonidea              
  +-----+                           
  |     |  +-- Leguminaia           
  |     +--+                        
--+        +-- Microcondylaea       
  |                                 
  |  +-------- Inversidens          
  |  |                              
  +--+     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     |  +--+                        
     |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia        
        +--+                        
           +-- Ptychorhynchus

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 35 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Parvasolenaia        
--+                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 3 3 -- 
        +-- Parvasolenaia        
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 52 2 2 -- 
     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +--+                        
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                           
  |  +-- Parvasolenaia        
  +--+                        
     +-- Ptychorhynchus

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 21 1 1 -- 
  +----- Parvasolenaia        
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 23 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 36 1 1 -- 
  +----- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 46 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Ptychorhynchus        
--+                               
  |  +----- Microcondylaea        
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
     +--+                         
        +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Parvasolenaia        
--+                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 3 0 2 38 1 1 11 
  +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                           
  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus       
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 3 3 -- 
        +-- Parvasolenaia        
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 12 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 10 0 2 10 8 6 15 
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |                                    
  |        +----- Inversidens          
--+  +-----+                           
  |  |     |  +-- Gonidea              
  |  |     +--+                        
  +--+        +-- Leguminaia           
     |                                 
     |  +-------- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Postolata            
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Obovalis             
           +--+                        
              +-- Ptychorhynchus

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 86 4 4 -- 
     +----- Parvasolenaia        
  +--+                           
  |  |  +-- Postolata            
  |  +--+                        
--+     +-- Ptychorhynchus       
  |                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 78 4 4 -- 
        +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                              
  |  +----- Gonidea              
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Microcondylaea       
     +--+                        
        +-- Leguminaia

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 3 0 2 11 1 1 11 
  +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +--+                        
     +-- Parvasolenaia

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 89 6 6 -- 
     +-------- Inversidens          
  +--+                              
  |  |  +----- Gonidea              
  |  +--+                           
  |     |  +-- Microcondylaea       
  |     +--+                        
--+        +-- Leguminaia           
  |                                 
  |        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
  |     +--+                        
  |     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +-----+                           
        |  +-- Ptychorhynchus       
        +--+                        
           +-- Parvasolenaia

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 84 3 3 -- 
        +-- Ptychorhynchus       
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Parvasolenaia        
--+                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 30 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 40 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 47 1 1 -- 
  +----- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 20 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 67 3 3 -- 
        +-- Parvasolenaia        
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 51 4 4 -- 
     +----- Parvasolenaia        
  +--+                           
  |  |  +-- Postolata            
  |  +--+                        
--+     +-- Ptychorhynchus       
  |                              
  |  +----- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 14 1 1 -- 
  +----- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 1 1 -- 
  +----- Ptychorhynchus       
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 1 1 -- 
  +----- Parvasolenaia        
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Kongim et al., 2023 [Publ 4290], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                           
  |  +-- Leguminaia           
  +--+                        
     +-- Gonidea

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 8 7 -- 
  +----------------- Inversidens          
  |                                       
--+  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |  |                                    
  +--+           +-- Gonidea              
     |  +--------+                        
     |  |        +-- Microcondylaea       
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------- Koreosolenaia        
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Parvasolenaia        
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Postolata            
              +--+                        
                 +-- Ptychorhynchus

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 8 7 -- 
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |                                    
--+           +-- Gonidea              
  |  +--------+                        
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------- Parvasolenaia        
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Koreosolenaia        
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Postolata            
           +--+                        
              +-- Ptychorhynchus

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 3 3 -- 
  +-------- Microcondylaea       
--+                              
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus       
     +--+                        
        +-- Parvasolenaia

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 8 7 -- 
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |                                    
--+           +-- Gonidea              
  |  +--------+                        
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------- Koreosolenaia        
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Parvasolenaia        
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Postolata            
           +--+                        
              +-- Ptychorhynchus

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Microcondylaea       
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                           
  |  +-- Gonidea              
  +--+                        
     +-- Leguminaia

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 9 8 -- 
  +-------------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |                                          
--+                 +-- Gonidea              
  |  +--------------+                        
  |  |              +-- Microcondylaea       
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------------- Koreosolenaia        
     +--+                                    
        |  +----------- Parvasolenaia        
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------- Postolata            
           +--+                              
              |  +----- Cosmopseudodon       
              +--+                           
                 |  +-- Ptychorhynchus       
                 +--+                        
                    +-- Obovalis

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                           
  |  +-- Leguminaia           
  +--+                        
     +-- Gonidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 2 2 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Microcondylaea       
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 8 7 -- 
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |                                    
  |           +-- Gonidea              
--+  +--------+                        
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea       
  |  |                                 
  +--+        +-- Koreosolenaia        
     |  +-----+                        
     |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia        
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Postolata            
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Obovalis             
           +--+                        
              +-- Ptychorhynchus

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Microcondylaea       
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 8 7 -- 
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |                                    
--+  +----------- Gonidea              
  |  |                                 
  +--+----------- Microcondylaea       
     |                                 
     |  +-------- Koreosolenaia        
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Parvasolenaia        
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Postolata            
           +--+                        
              +-- Ptychorhynchus

Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 57 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                           
  |  +-- Gonidea              
  +--+                        
     +-- Leguminaia

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 3 3 -- 
  +-------- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
  |                              
--+  +----- Inversidens          
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-- Obovalis_omiensis__1 
     |  |                        
     +--+-- Obovalis_omiensis__2 
        |                        
        +-- Ptychorhynchus

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                           
  |  +-- Leguminaia           
  +--+                        
     +-- Gonidea

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 5 5 -- 
  +----------- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  |                                  
--+        +-- Ptychorhynchus        
  |  +-----+                         
  |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia         
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Gonidea               
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Microcondylaea        
        +--+                         
           +-- Leguminaia

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 49 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                           
  |  +-- Gonidea              
  +--+                        
     +-- Leguminaia

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
--+                           
  |  +-- Gonidea              
  +--+                        
     +-- Leguminaia

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 7 6 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 3 3 -- 
  +-- Inversidens          
--+                        
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
 
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