Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Unionini | Unionina

genus Unio Philipsson in Retzius, 1788: cladomics

29 Recent valid species (45 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 29 (45 total)
analyzed in 229 cladograms in 134 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 26 (mean = 3.47, median = 3)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 160
maximum number of included terminals = 26, (mean = 4.54 median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.94

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Unio cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Unio cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
26 26 24 27 606 0 0 0 
  +-------------------------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |                                                   
  |                             +-- Unio_durieui **      
  |  +--------------------------+                     
  |  |                          +-- Unio_gibbus **       
--+  |                                                
  |  |     +----------------------- Unio_tumidiformis ** 
  |  |     |                                          
  |  |  +--+  +-------------------- Unio_sesirmensis **  
  |  |  |  |  |                                       
  |  |  |  +--+  +----------------- Unio_desectus **     
  +--+  |     |  |                                    
     |  |     +--+  +-------------- Unio_damascensis **  
     |  |        |  |                                 
     |  |        +--+  +----------- Unio_ionicus **      
     |  |           |  |                              
     |  |           |  |        +-- Unio_carneus **      
     |  |           +--+  +-----+                     
     |  |              |  |     +-- Unio_nanus **        
     |  |              |  |                           
     +--+              |  |     +-- Unio_crassus **      
        |              +--+-----+                     
        |                 |     +-- Unio_gontierii **    
        |                 |                           
        |                 |  +----- Unio_vicarius **     
        |                 +--+                        
        |                    |  +-- Unio_bruguierianus **
        |                    +--+                     
        |                       +-- Unio_mardinensis **  
        |                                             
        |                       +-- Unio_delphinus **    
        |  +--------------------+                     
        |  |                    +-- Unio_foucauldianus **
        +--+                                          
           |  +-------------------- Unio_ravoisieri **   
           |  |                                       
           +--+  +----------------- Unio_mancus **       
              |  |                                    
              +--+  +-------------- Unio_elongatulus **  
                 |  |                                 
                 |  |           +-- Unio_hueti **        
                 +--+  +--------+                     
                    |  |        +-- Unio_delicatus__2 ** 
                    |  |                              
                    +--+        +-- Unio_eucirrus **     
                       |  +-----+                     
                       |  |     +-- Unio_pictorum **     
                       +--+                           
                          |  +----- Unio_caffer **       
                          +--+                        
                             |  +-- Unio_terminalis **   
                             +--+                     
                                +-- Unio_delicatus__1 **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 20 23 8 0 0 28 
  +----------------------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |                                                
  |                          +-- Unio_durieui **      
  |  +-----------------------+                     
  |  |                       +-- Unio_gibbus **       
--+  |                                             
  |  |           +-------------- Unio_damascensis **  
  |  |           |                                 
  |  |           +-------------- Unio_sesirmensis **  
  |  |  +--------+                                 
  +--+  |        |  +----------- Unio_ionicus **      
     |  |        |  |                              
     |  |        +--+        +-- Unio_bruguierianus **
     |  |           |  +-----+                     
     |  |           |  |     +-- Unio_tumidiformis ** 
     |  |           +--+                           
     |  |              |  +----- Unio_vicarius **     
     +--+              +--+                        
        |                 |  +-- Unio_carneus **      
        |                 +--+                     
        |                    +-- Unio_crassus **      
        |                                          
        |                 +----- Unio_caffer **       
        |  +--------------+                        
        |  |              |  +-- Unio_terminalis **   
        |  |              +--+                     
        +--+                 +-- Unio_delicatus **    
           |                                       
           |  +----------------- Unio_pictorum **     
           |  |                                    
           +--+  +-------------- Unio_eucirrus **     
              |  |                                 
              +--+           +-- Unio_elongatulus **  
                 |  +--------+                     
                 |  |        +-- Unio_mancus **       
                 +--+                              
                    |  +-------- Unio_ravoisieri **   
                    |  |                           
                    +--+     +-- Unio_delphinus **    
                       |  +--+                     
                       |  |  +-- Unio_foucauldianus **
                       +--+                        
                          |  +-- Unio_hueti **        
                          +--+                     
                             +-- Unio_tigridis **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 14 23 8 0 0 22 
  +----------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |                                    
  |              +-- Unio_durieui **      
  +--------------+                     
  |              +-- Unio_gibbus **       
  |                                    
  |     +----------- Unio_sesirmensis **  
  |     |                              
  |  +--+  +-------- Unio_damascensis **  
--+  |  |  |                           
  |  |  |  |  +----- Unio_ionicus **      
  |  |  +--+  |                        
  |  |     |  |  +-- Unio_bruguierianus **
  |  |     |  +--+                     
  |  |     +--+  +-- Unio_tumidiformis ** 
  |  |        |                        
  |  |        |  +-- Unio_carneus **      
  |  |        |  |                     
  |  |        +--+-- Unio_crassus **      
  +--+           |                     
     |           +-- Unio_vicarius **     
     |                                 
     |     +-------- Unio_elongatulus **  
     |     |                           
     |     +-------- Unio_mancus **       
     |     |                           
     |     |     +-- Unio_pictorum **     
     |     +-----+                     
     |     |     +-- Unio_eucirrus **     
     |     |                           
     +-----+  +----- Unio_caffer **       
           +--+                        
           |  |  +-- Unio_terminalis **   
           |  +--+                     
           |     +-- Unio_delicatus **    
           |                           
           |  +----- Unio_ravoisieri **   
           |  |                        
           |  |  +-- Unio_delphinus **    
           +--+--+                     
              |  +-- Unio_foucauldianus **
              |                        
              |  +-- Unio_hueti **        
              +--+                     
                 +-- Unio_tigridis **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19 19 17 19 57 0 0 23 
                                +-- Unio_gibbus **       
  +-----------------------------+                     
  |                             +-- Unio_tumidus **      
  |                                                   
  |                    +----------- Unio_terminalis **   
--+  +-----------------+                              
  |  |                 |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus **  
  |  |                 +--+                           
  |  |                    |  +----- Unio_pictorum **     
  |  |                    +--+                        
  +--+                       |  +-- Unio_delphinus **    
     |                       +--+                     
     |                          +-- Unio_mancus **       
     |                                                
     |  +-------------------------- Unio_tumidiformis ** 
     |  |                                             
     +--+  +----------------------- Unio_desectus **     
        |  |                                          
        +--+  +-------------------- Unio_sesirmensis **  
           |  |                                       
           +--+  +----------------- Unio_ionicus **      
              |  |                                    
              +--+  +-------------- Unio_damascensis **  
                 |  |                                 
                 |  |           +-- Unio_crassus **      
                 +--+  +--------+                     
                    |  |        +-- Unio_gontierii **    
                    |  |                              
                    +--+        +-- Unio_bruguierianus **
                       |  +-----+                     
                       |  |     +-- Unio_mardinensis **  
                       +--+                           
                          |  +----- Unio_vicarius **     
                          +--+                        
                             |  +-- Unio_carneus **      
                             +--+                     
                                +-- Unio_nanus **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19 19 17 19 122 0 0 23 
  +----------------------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |                                                
  |  +-------------------------- Unio_gibbus **       
--+  |                                             
  |  |              +----------- Unio_terminalis **   
  |  |  +-----------+                              
  +--+  |           |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus **  
     |  |           +--+                           
     |  |              |  +----- Unio_mancus **       
     |  |              +--+                        
     +--+                 |  +-- Unio_delphinus **    
        |                 +--+                     
        |                    +-- Unio_pictorum **     
        |                                          
        |  +-------------------- Unio_tumidiformis ** 
        |  |                                       
        +--+  +----------------- Unio_desectus **     
           |  |                                    
           |  |           +----- Unio_damascensis **  
           +--+  +--------+                        
              |  |        |  +-- Unio_sesirmensis **  
              |  |        +--+                     
              |  |           +-- Unio_ionicus **      
              +--+                                 
                 |           +-- Unio_crassus **      
                 |  +--------+                     
                 |  |        +-- Unio_gontierii **    
                 +--+                              
                    |  +-------- Unio_vicarius **     
                    |  |                           
                    +--+     +-- Unio_bruguierianus **
                       |  +--+                     
                       |  |  +-- Unio_mardinensis **  
                       +--+                        
                          |  +-- Unio_carneus **      
                          +--+                     
                             +-- Unio_nanus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
17 17 15 17 5 0 0 31 
  +-------------------------- Unio_gibbus **       
  |                                             
--+  +----------------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |  |                                          
  |  |                 +----- Unio_terminalis **   
  +--+  +--------------+                        
     |  |              |  +-- Unio_delphinus **    
     |  |              +--+                     
     |  |                 +-- Unio_pictorum **     
     +--+                                       
        |  +----------------- Unio_tumidiformis ** 
        |  |                                    
        |  |              +-- Unio_ionicus **      
        +--+  +-----------+                     
           |  |           +-- Unio_carneus **      
           |  |                                 
           |  |           +-- Unio_damascensis **  
           +--+  +--------+                     
              |  |        +-- Unio_sesirmensis **  
              |  |                              
              |  |     +----- Unio_bruguierianus **
              +--+  +--+                        
                 |  |  |  +-- Unio_gontierii **    
                 |  |  +--+                     
                 |  |     +-- Unio_mardinensis **  
                 +--+                           
                    |     +-- Unio_crassus **      
                    |  +--+                     
                    |  |  +-- Unio_nanus **        
                    +--+                        
                       |  +-- Unio_vicarius **     
                       +--+                     
                          +-- Unio_desectus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
17 17 15 17 5 0 0 21 
                                +-- Unio_gibbus **       
  +-----------------------------+                     
  |                             +-- Unio_tumidus **      
  |                                                   
--+                          +----- Unio_terminalis **   
  |  +-----------------------+                        
  |  |                       |  +-- Unio_delphinus **    
  |  |                       +--+                     
  +--+                          +-- Unio_pictorum **     
     |                                                
     |  +-------------------------- Unio_tumidiformis ** 
     |  |                                             
     +--+  +----------------------- Unio_sesirmensis **  
        |  |                                          
        +--+  +-------------------- Unio_ionicus **      
           |  |                                       
           +--+  +----------------- Unio_damascensis **  
              |  |                                    
              +--+  +-------------- Unio_desectus **     
                 |  |                                 
                 |  |           +-- Unio_crassus **      
                 +--+  +--------+                     
                    |  |        +-- Unio_gontierii **    
                    |  |                              
                    +--+        +-- Unio_bruguierianus **
                       |  +-----+                     
                       |  |     +-- Unio_mardinensis **  
                       +--+                           
                          |  +----- Unio_vicarius **     
                          +--+                        
                             |  +-- Unio_carneus **      
                             +--+                     
                                +-- Unio_nanus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 14 16 9 0 0 25 
  +----------------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |                                          
  |              +-------- Unio_damascensis **  
  |  +-----------+                           
--+  |           |  +----- Unio_sesirmensis **  
  |  |           +--+                        
  |  |              |  +-- Unio_bruguierianus **
  |  |              +--+                     
  +--+                 +-- Unio_nanus **        
     |                                       
     |                 +-- Unio_delicatus **    
     |  +--------------+                     
     |  |              +-- Unio_terminalis **   
     |  |                                    
     +--+              +-- Unio_tigridis **     
        |  +-----------+                     
        |  |           +-- Unio_hueti **        
        |  |                                 
        +--+  +----------- Unio_ravoisieri **   
           |  |                              
           |  |        +-- Unio_pictorum **     
           +--+  +-----+                     
              |  |     +-- Unio_eucirrus **     
              |  |                           
              +--+     +-- Unio_elongatulus **  
                 |  +--+                     
                 |  |  +-- Unio_mancus **       
                 +--+                        
                    |  +-- Unio_foucauldianus **
                    +--+                     
                       +-- Unio_delphinus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 18 0 0 0 15 
                             +-- Unio_pictorum **        
  +--------------------------+                        
  |                          +-- Unio_delphinus **       
--+                                                   
  |  +-------------------------- Unio_tumidiformis **    
  |  |                                                
  +--+  +----------------------- Unio_sesirmensis **     
     |  |                                             
     +--+  +-------------------- Unio_desectus **        
        |  |                                          
        +--+  +----------------- Unio_damascensis **     
           |  |                                       
           |  |  +-------------- Unio_ionicus **         
           +--+  |                                    
              |  |           +-- Unio_nanus **           
              |  |  +--------+                        
              +--+  |        +-- Unio_carneus **         
                 |  |                                 
                 |  |        +-- Unio_gontierii **       
                 |  |        |                        
                 |  |        +-- Unio_crassus__1 **      
                 +--+--------+                        
                    |        +-- Unio_crassus__2 **      
                    |        |                        
                    |        +-- Unio_crassus__3 **      
                    |                                 
                    |  +-------- Unio_vicarius **        
                    |  |                              
                    +--+  +----- Unio_bruguierianus__1 **
                       |  |                           
                       +--+----- Unio_bruguierianus__2 **
                          |                           
                          |  +-- Unio_bruguierianus__3 **
                          +--+                        
                             +-- Unio_mardinensis **

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 9 14 5 0 0 20 
                 +-- Unio_durieui **      
  +--------------+                     
  |              +-- Unio_gibbus **       
  |                                    
--+  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |  |                                 
  |  |     +-------- Unio_tumidiformis ** 
  |  |  +--+                           
  +--+  |  |  +----- Unio_desectus **     
     |  |  +--+                        
     |  |     |  +-- Unio__1 **           
     |  |     +--+                     
     +--+        +-- Unio_ionicus **      
        |                              
        |        +-- Unio_delphinus **    
        |     +--+                     
        |     |  +-- Unio_foucauldianus **
        |     |                        
        +-----+  +-- Unio_pictorum **     
              |  |                     
              |  +-- Unio_elongatulus **  
              |  |                     
              +--+-- Unio_mancus **       
                 |                     
                 +-- Unio_ravoisieri **   
                 |                     
                 +-- Unio__2 **

Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3738], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 12 2 0 0 21 
                          +-- Unio_gibbus **       
  +-----------------------+                     
  |                       +-- Unio_durieui **      
--+                                             
  |  +----------------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |  |                                          
  +--+                    +-- Unio **              
     |  +-----------------+                     
     |  |                 +-- Unio_tumidiformis ** 
     +--+                                       
        |  +----------------- Unio_delphinus **    
        +--+                                    
           |  +-------------- Unio_foucauldianus **
           +--+                                 
              |  +----------- Unio_ravoisieri **   
              +--+                              
                 |  +-------- Unio_mancus **       
                 +--+                           
                    |  +----- Unio_elongatulus **  
                    +--+                        
                       |  +-- Unio_pictorum **     
                       +--+                     
                          +-- Unio_caffer **

Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 11 6 0 0 24 
              +----- Unio_tumidus **     
  +-----------+                       
  |           |  +-- Unio_gibbus **      
  |           +--+                    
  |              +-- Unio_durieui **     
--+                                   
  |           +----- Unio_tumidiformis **
  |  +--------+                       
  |  |        |  +-- Unio **             
  |  |        +--+                    
  +--+           +-- Unio_crassus **     
     |                                
     |  +----------- Unio_delphinus **   
     +--+                             
        |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus ** 
        +--+                          
           |  +----- Unio_mancus **      
           +--+                       
              |  +-- Unio_pictorum **    
              +--+                    
                 +-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 10 0 0 0 25 
  +----------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |                                    
--+  +-------------- Unio_bruguierianus **
  |  |                                 
  |  |           +-- Unio_delicatus **    
  +--+  +--------+                     
     |  |        +-- Unio_terminalis **   
     |  |                              
     +--+        +-- Unio_tigridis **     
        |  +-----+                     
        |  |     +-- Unio_hueti **        
        |  |                           
        +--+     +-- Unio_pictorum **     
           |  +--+                     
           |  |  +-- Unio_eucirrus **     
           +--+                        
              |  +-- Unio_elongatulus **  
              +--+                     
                 +-- Unio_mancus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 5 9 8 0 0 26 
           +-- Unio_tumidus **     
  +--------+                    
  |        +-- Unio_gibbus **      
  |                             
--+        +-- Unio **             
  |  +-----+                    
  |  |     +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Unio_ravoisieri **  
     |  |                       
     +--+  +-- Unio_mancus **      
        |  |                    
        |  +-- Unio_pictorum **    
        +--+                    
           +-- Unio_delphinus **   
           |                    
           +-- Unio_elongatulus **

Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 6 9 2 0 0 24 
        +----- Unio_tumidus **     
  +-----+                       
  |     |  +-- Unio_gibbus **      
  |     +--+                    
  |        +-- Unio_durieui **     
--+                             
  |        +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
  |  +-----+                    
  |  |     +-- Unio_crassus **     
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Unio **             
     |  |                       
     +--+----- Unio_pictorum **    
        |                       
        |  +-- Unio_delphinus **   
        +--+                    
           +-- Unio_mancus **

Marrone et al., 2019 [Publ 3907], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 4 8 0 0 0 23 
  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **      
  |                                 
--+  +----------- Unio_delphinus **    
  |  |                              
  +--+  +-------- Unio_foucauldianus **
     |  |                           
     +--+  +----- Unio_mancus **       
        |  |                        
        |  +----- Unio_elongatulus **  
        +--+                        
           +----- Unio_ravoisieri **   
           |                        
           |  +-- Unio_pictorum **     
           +--+                     
              +-- Unio_terminalis **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 6 8 8 0 0 24 
  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **     
  |                                
--+           +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
  |  +--------+                    
  |  |        +-- Unio__2 **          
  +--+                             
     |  +-------- Unio__1 **          
     |  |                          
     +--+     +-- Unio_delphinus **   
        |  +--+                    
        |  |  +-- Unio_mancus **      
        +--+                       
           |  +-- Unio_pictorum **    
           +--+                    
              +-- Unio_caffer **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 0 0 0 22 
  +----------------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                                  
  |  +-------------- Unio_pictorum **   
  +--+                               
     |  +----------- Unio_sesirmensis **
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Unio_damascensis **
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Unio_crassus **    
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Unio **            
              +--+                   
                 +-- Unio_nanus **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 6 8 4 0 0 25 
  +-------------- Unio_gibbus **      
  |                                
--+  +----------- Unio_tumidus **     
  |  |                             
  |  |        +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
  +--+  +-----+                    
     |  |     +-- Unio_crassus **     
     |  |                          
     +--+     +-- Unio_pictorum__1 ** 
        |  +--+                    
        |  |  +-- Unio_mancus **      
        +--+                       
           |  +-- Unio_pictorum__2 ** 
           +--+                    
              +-- Unio_caffer **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 36 0 0 23 
  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                               
  |  +----------- Unio_nanus **      
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Unio_delphinus **  
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Unio_pictorum **   
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Unio_elongatulus **
           +--+                   
              +-- Unio_mancus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 86 0 0 25 
  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                               
  |  +----------- Unio_nanus **      
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus **
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Unio_pictorum **   
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Unio_delphinus **  
           +--+                   
              +-- Unio_mancus **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 7 3 7 5 0 0 26 
        +-- Unio_gibbus **      
        |                    
  +-----+-- Unio_tumidus **     
  |     |                    
  |     +-- Anodonta         
--+                          
  |  +----- Unio_pictorum__1 ** 
  |  |                       
  |  +----- Unio_pictorum__2 ** 
  +--+                       
     +----- Unio_mancus **      
     |                       
     |  +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
     +--+                    
        +-- Unio_crassus **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 3 6 90 0 0 24 
  +----------- Unio_tumidus **    
  |                            
--+  +-------- Unio_nanus **      
  |  |                         
  +--+  +----- Unio_elongatulus **
     |  |                      
     +--+  +-- Unio_delphinus **  
        |  |                   
        +--+-- Unio_mancus **     
           |                   
           +-- Unio_pictorum **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 7 4 0 0 24 
        +-- Unio_gibbus **      
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Unio_tumidus **     
  |                          
--+     +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
  |  +--+                    
  |  |  +-- Unio_crassus **     
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum__1 ** 
     |  |                    
     +--+-- Unio_pictorum__2 ** 
        |                    
        +-- Unio_mancus **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 8 0 0 21 
  +----------- Unio_tumidus **     
  |                             
--+        +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
  |  +-----+                    
  |  |     +-- Unio_crassus **     
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Unio_delphinus **   
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Unio_mancus **      
        +--+                    
           +-- Unio_pictorum **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 86 0 0 25 
  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                               
  |  +----------- Unio_nanus **      
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus **
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Unio_pictorum **   
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Unio_delphinus **  
           +--+                   
              +-- Unio_mancus **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 82 0 0 23 
  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                               
  |  +----------- Unio_nanus **      
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Unio_delphinus **  
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Unio_pictorum **   
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Unio_elongatulus **
           +--+                   
              +-- Unio_mancus **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 90 0 0 25 
  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                               
  |  +----------- Unio_nanus **      
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus **
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Unio_pictorum **   
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Unio_delphinus **  
           +--+                   
              +-- Unio_mancus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 48 0 0 23 
  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                               
  |  +----------- Unio_nanus **      
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Unio_delphinus **  
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Unio_pictorum **   
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Unio_elongatulus **
           +--+                   
              +-- Unio_mancus **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 47 0 0 23 
  +-------------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                               
  |  +----------- Unio_nanus **      
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Unio_delphinus **  
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Unio_pictorum **   
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Unio_mancus **     
           +--+                   
              +-- Unio_elongatulus **

Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 7 0 0 24 
  +----------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                            
  |  +-------- Unio_nanus **      
  +--+                         
     |  +----- Unio_elongatulus **
     +--+                      
        |  +-- Unio_mancus **     
        +--+                   
           +-- Unio_pictorum **

Bashê, 2022 [Publ 4265], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 4 6 1 0 0 27 
  +-------------- Unio_pictorum__2 **  
--+                                 
  |  +----------- Unio_foucauldianus **
  +--+                              
     |  +-------- Unio_delphinus **    
     +--+                           
        |  +----- Unio_tigridis **     
        +--+                        
           |  +-- Unio_elongatulus **  
           +--+                     
              +-- Unio_pictorum__1 **

Prie et al., 2012 [Publ 3487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 1 0 0 24 
  +----------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                            
  |  +-------- Unio_crassus **    
  +--+                         
     |  +----- Unio_pictorum **   
     +--+                      
        |  +-- Unio_mancus **     
        +--+                   
           +-- Unio_elongatulus **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 42 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 38 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_crassus **  
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 70 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Soroka, 2005 [Publ 2726], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 1 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_caffer **  
     +--+                
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 5 0 0 25 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio **         
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
     +--+                
        +-- Unio_mancus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 196 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_crassus **  
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 52 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 4 76 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_gibbus **  
  |                   
--+----- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                   
  |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 194 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_crassus **  
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 32 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 196 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_crassus **  
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 32 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 5 0 0 25 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio **         
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
     +--+                
        +-- Unio_mancus **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 4 0 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                   
--+  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  |  |                
  +--+-- Unio_crassus ** 
     |                
     +-- Unio_mancus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 65 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 19 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 5 0 0 25 
  +-------- Unio_crassus ** 
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
     +--+                
        +-- Unio_mancus **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 27 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 50 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 92 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                         
  |  +----- Unio_elongatulus **
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unio_carneus **    
     +--+                   
        +-- Unio_nanus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 70 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 6 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 4 118 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_gibbus **  
  |                   
--+----- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                   
  |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 34 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 27 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Klishko et al., 2017 [Publ 3946], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 2 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_nanus **   
     +--+                
        +-- Unio_crassus **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 36 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 16 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 14 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 35 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 82 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 61 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **    
--+                         
  |  +----- Unio_elongatulus **
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unio_carneus **    
     +--+                   
        +-- Unio_nanus **

Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 13 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 40 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 4 7 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                   
--+----- Unio_gibbus **  
  |                   
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **   
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 45 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 43 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 40 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 70 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 44 0 0 23 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                       
  |  +----- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
     +--+                 
        +-- Unio_delphinus **

Klishko et al., 2018 [Publ 3945], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 4 4 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                   
--+----- Unio_gibbus **  
  |                   
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **   
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 4 11 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                   
--+----- Unio_gibbus **  
  |                   
  |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 38 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_delphinus **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 0 3 4 0 0 25 
  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                
--+-- Unio_pictorum **
  |                
  +-- Unio_nanus **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 79 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 4 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_nanus **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 65 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_nanus **    
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 2 0 0 26 
  +----- Unio_nanus **   
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 5 0 0 26 
  +----- Unio_crassus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 3 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_nanus **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 135 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Kilikowska et al., 2020 [Publ 4335], fig. 4a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 0 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **
--+                  
  |  +-- Unio_crassus **
  +--+               
     +-- Unio_nanus **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 53 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_crassus **

Dyduch-Falniowska & Koziol, 1989 [Publ 3814], fig. 5_7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 2 0 0 26 
  +----- Unio_pictorum **
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_crassus **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 15 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_delphinus **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 5 0 0 26 
  +----- Unio_nanus **   
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_tumidus **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 0 3 4 0 0 25 
  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
  |                
--+-- Unio_pictorum **
  |                
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 19 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_delphinus **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 33 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_crassus **

Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 10 0 0 26 
  +----- Unio_crassus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_tumidus **

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 15 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 3 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_nanus **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 5 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_nanus **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 135 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_crassus **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 3 0 0 26 
  +----- Unio_nanus **   
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 16 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_delphinus **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 19 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_delphinus **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 10 0 3 121 0 0 32 
  +-- Unio_crassus **         
  |                        
  +-- Unio_pictorum **        
  |                        
  +-- Unio_tumidus **         
  |                        
  +-- Scriptolamprotula    
  |                        
  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii 
--+                        
  +-- Tchangsinaia         
  |                        
  +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens  
  |                        
  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae 
  |                        
  +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae
  |                        
  +-- Schistodesmus

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 3 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **   
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 7 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_mancus **     
--+                      
  |  +-- Unio_elongatulus **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 20 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_nanus **

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 5 3 3 3 0 0 26 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                      
--+     +-- Anodonta     
  |  +--+                
  |  |  +-- Pseudanodonta
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 4 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 5 3 3 3 0 0 28 
  +----------- Unio_crassus ** 
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodonta     
        +--+                
           +-- Pseudanodonta

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 65 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_nanus **    
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 16 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_delphinus **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 73 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_crassus **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 14 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_crassus **  
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_delphinus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 20 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_delphinus **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 65 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_nanus **    
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_delphinus **
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_pictorum **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 73 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio_crassus **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 38 0 0 24 
  +----- Unio_tumidus **  
--+                    
  |  +-- Unio_nanus **    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unio_delphinus **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 4 0 2 14 0 0 27 
  +-------- Unio_pictorum **  
--+                        
  |  +----- Anodonta       
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
     +--+                  
        +-- Lamellidens

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_nanus **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 4 0 2 13 0 0 27 
  +-- Anodonta         
  |                    
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **  
--+                    
  +-- Unio_pictorum **    
  |                    
  +-- Scriptolamprotula

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 44 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_caffer **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 32 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 9 0 2 13 0 0 32 
  +-- Scriptolamprotula
  |                    
  +-- Lamprotula       
  |                    
  +-- Lampsilis        
  |                    
  +-- Potomida         
  |                    
--+-- Unio_pictorum **    
  |                    
  +-- Anodonta         
  |                    
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **  
  |                    
  +-- Lamellidens      
  |                    
  +-- Elliptio

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 30 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_delphinus **
--+                 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 45 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_caffer **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 44 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_caffer **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 9 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_delphinus **
--+                 
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 11 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_nanus **  
--+               
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 28 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **  
--+                  
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 45 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_caffer **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum ** 
--+                 
  +-- Unio_delphinus **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 5 0 2 29 0 0 28 
  +-------- Unio_pictorum **
  |                      
--+-------- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                      
  |  +----- Anodonta     
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Strophitus   
     +--+                
        +-- Pyganodon

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 11 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_nanus **  
--+               
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 51 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_nanus **    
--+                 
  +-- Unio_delphinus **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 34 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_caffer **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 43 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_nanus **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 5 0 2 29 0 0 28 
  +----------- Unio_pictorum **
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unio_tumidus ** 
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodonta     
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Pyganodon    
        +--+                
           +-- Strophitus

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 9 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_delphinus **
--+                 
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 43 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_nanus **

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 7 0 3 23 0 0 31 
  +-------------- Unio_pictorum__2 **
  |                               
--+           +-- Unio_pictorum__1 **
  |  +--------+                   
  |  |        +-- Unio_caffer **     
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Anodonta        
     |  |                         
     +--+  +----- Lasmigona       
        |  |                      
        +--+  +-- Strophitus      
           |  |                   
           +--+-- Alasmidonta     
              |                   
              +-- Pyganodon

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 1 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 28 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_caffer **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 17 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_mancus **     
--+                   
  +-- Unio_elongatulus **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_nanus **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 51 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
--+                
  +-- Unio_pictorum **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_nanus **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_nanus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 89 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 1 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 28 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_caffer **

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 16 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_caffer **

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 15 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_crassus **  
--+                 
  +-- Unio_delphinus **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 8 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_delphinus **
--+                 
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Sayenko et al., 2021 [Publ 4189], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 11 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_nanus **

Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                
  +-- Unio_pictorum **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 89 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 37 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_delphinus **
--+                 
  +-- Unio_tumidus **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 28 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **  
--+                  
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 34 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
--+                
  +-- Unio_caffer **

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_delphinus **

Giribet & Distel, 2003 [Publ 3670], fig. 3f5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_crassus **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_crassus **

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_nanus **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 20 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_delphinus **

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_gibbus **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 38 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_crassus **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus **

Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Wang et al., 2016 [Publ 3714], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2395], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Unio **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_delphinus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 28 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_delphinus **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Vikhrev et al., 2018 [Publ 3812], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus **

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_delphinus **

Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_gibbus **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_crassus **

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Unio **