Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae | Lamprotulini

genus Lamprotula Simpson, 1900: cladomics

17 Recent valid species (26 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 17 (26 total)
analyzed in 148 cladograms in 92 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 4 (mean = 1.66, median = 1.5)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 74
maximum number of included terminals = 4, (mean = 2.32 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.93

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Lamprotula cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Lamprotula cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 2 6 44 0 0 0 
  +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **          
  |                                   
--+  +----- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae__1 **
  |  |                                
  |  +----- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae__3 **
  +--+                                
     +----- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae__4 **
     |                                
     |  +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae__2 **
     +--+                             
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 3 5 628 4 2 4 
           +-- Pronodularia           
  +--------+                          
  |        +-- Potomida               
  |                                   
--+        +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
  |  +-----+                          
  |  |     +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii__2 **    
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii__1 **    
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_seomjinensis **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 15 0 0 3 
  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
--+                             
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
  +--+                          
     +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 4 42 0 0 4 
  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
  |                             
--+  +-- Lamprotula_caveata__1 **  
  |  |                          
  +--+-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **
     |                          
     +-- Lamprotula_caveata__2 **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 93 2 2 3 
  +----------- Potomida               
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Pronodularia           
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 195 2 2 3 
        +-- Potomida               
  +-----+                          
  |     +-- Pronodularia           
--+                                
  |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
     +--+                          
        +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 2 5 119 2 2 4 
  +-------------- Pronodularia           
  |                                      
--+  +----------- Potomida               
  |  |                                   
  +--+  +-------- Lamprotula_caveata **     
     |  |                                
     +--+  +----- Lamprotula_leaii__2 **    
        |  |                             
        +--+----- Lamprotula_leaii__3 **    
           |                             
           |  +-- Lamprotula_seomjinensis **
           +--+                          
              +-- Lamprotula_leaii__1 **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 11 1 1 3 
  +-------- Potomida               
--+                                
  |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
     +--+                          
        +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 197 2 2 3 
        +-- Potomida               
  +-----+                          
  |     +-- Pronodularia           
--+                                
  |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
     +--+                          
        +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 16

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 2 4 5 1 1 5 
  +----------- Pronodularia           
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Lamprotula_caveata **     
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii__2 **    
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_seomjinensis **
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_leaii__1 **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 2 5 28 2 2 3 
  +-------------- Pronodularia           
  |                                      
--+  +----------- Potomida               
  |  |                                   
  +--+  +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **       
     |  |                                
     +--+  +----- Lamprotula_caveata__3 **  
        |  |                             
        +--+  +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **
           |  |                          
           +--+-- Lamprotula_caveata__1 **  
              |                          
              +-- Lamprotula_caveata__2 **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 93 2 2 3 
  +----------- Potomida               
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Pronodularia           
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 93 3 2 3 
  +----------- Potomida               
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Pronodularia           
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 5 0 3 108 2 2 5 
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
  |                     
  +-- Lamprotula **        
  |                     
--+-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  |                     
  +-- Potomida          
  |                     
  +-- Pronodularia

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 2 4 27 1 1 4 
  +----------- Pronodularia           
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **       
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_caveata__1 **  
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_caveata__2 **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 89 2 2 3 
  +----------- Potomida               
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Pronodularia           
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 24 2 2 3 
  +----------- Potomida               
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Pronodularia           
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 89 2 2 3 
  +----------- Potomida               
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Pronodularia           
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 50 2 2 3 
  +----------- Potomida               
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Pronodularia           
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 197 2 2 3 
        +-- Potomida               
  +-----+                          
  |     +-- Pronodularia           
--+                                
  |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **       
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **     
     +--+                          
        +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 16 0 3 114 2 2 16 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea    
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata    
  |                            
  +-- Leguminaia               
  |                            
  +-- Microcondylaea           
  |                            
  +-- Gonidea                  
  |                            
  +-- Ptychorhynchus           
  |                            
  +-- Parvasolenaia            
  |                            
--+-- Lamprotula_leaii **         
  |                            
  +-- Lamprotula **               
  |                            
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **       
  |                            
  +-- Potomida                 
  |                            
  +-- Pronodularia             
  |                            
  +-- Sinohyriopsis            
  |                            
  +-- Chamberlainia            
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 2 4 138 3 1 4 
  +----------- Potomida               
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **       
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Lamprotula_caveata__2 **  
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **
        +--+                          
           +-- Lamprotula_caveata__1 **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 4 2 3 18 0 0 4 
  +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **       
--+                                
  |  +----- Lamprotula_caveata **     
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Gibbosula              
     +--+                          
        +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 67 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 34 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 54 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 136 2 2 -- 
     +-- Potomida          
  +--+                     
  |  +-- Pronodularia      
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 22 2 2 -- 
     +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
--+                        
  |  +-- Potomida          
  +--+                     
     +-- Pronodularia

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 45 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 51 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 14

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 4 0 0 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **       
--+                          
  +-- Lamprotula_seomjinensis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 34 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 34 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 136 2 2 -- 
     +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
--+                        
  |  +-- Potomida          
  +--+                     
     +-- Pronodularia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 78 2 2 -- 
     +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
--+                        
  |  +-- Potomida          
  +--+                     
     +-- Pronodularia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 54 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 44 2 2 -- 
     +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
--+                        
  |  +-- Pronodularia      
  +--+                     
     +-- Potomida

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 43 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 14 0 0 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 32 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 46 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 52 2 2 -- 
     +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
--+                        
  |  +-- Pronodularia      
  +--+                     
     +-- Potomida

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 13 0 2 122 2 2 12 
  +-- Chamberlainia         
  |                         
  +-- Sinohyriopsis         
  |                         
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **    
  |                         
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **      
  |                         
  +-- Potomida              
  |                         
  +-- Pronodularia          
  |                         
--+-- Gonidea               
  |                         
  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi  
  |                         
  +-- Leguminaia            
  |                         
  +-- Microcondylaea        
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata 
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora 
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 89 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Pronodularia      
--+                           
  |  +----- Potomida          
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 36 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 46 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 0 0 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 40 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 34 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 0 0 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 34 0 2 32 0 0 33 
                       +----- Prolasmidonta           
                    +--+                              
                    |  |  +-- Alasmidonta             
                    |  +--+                           
                    |     +-- Anemina                 
  +-----------------+                                 
  |                 |     +-- Lamprotula_caveata **      
  |                 |  +--+                           
  |                 |  |  +-- Chamberlainia           
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    |  +-- Pseudodon               
  |                    +--+                           
  |                       +-- Pilsbryoconcha          
  |                                                   
  |                    +----- Schistodesmus           
  |              +-----+                              
  |              |     |  +-- Lepidodesma             
--+              |     +--+                           
  |              |        +-- Scriptolamprotula       
  |  +-----------+                                    
  |  |           |     +----- Platynaias              
  |  |           |  +--+                              
  |  |           |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis  
  |  |           |  |  +--+                           
  |  |           +--+     +-- Pyganodon               
  |  |              |                                 
  |  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta             
  |  |              +--+                              
  |  |                 |  +-- Cristaria               
  +--+                 +--+                           
     |                    +-- Anodonta                
     |                                                
     |                    +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
     |           +--------+                           
     |           |        +-- Potamilus_alatus        
     |  +--------+                                    
     |  |        |  +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **        
     |  |        +--+                                 
     |  |           |  +----- Sinohyriopsis           
     |  |           +--+                              
     +--+              |  +-- Parvasolenaia           
        |              +--+                           
        |                 +-- Sinosolenaia            
        |                                             
        |  +----------------- Gibbosula               
        +--+                                          
           |  +-------------- Quadrula                
           +--+                                       
              |  +----------- Toxolasma               
              +--+                                    
                 |  +-------- Lampsilis_ornata        
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +----- Potamilus_leptodon      
                    +--+                              
                       |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea   
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 40 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 51 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 89 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 0 0 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 86 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 34 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 13 0 0 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 32 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 43 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 45 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 84 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 34 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 21 1 1 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Potomida          
--+                           
  |  +----- Pronodularia      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **  
     +--+                     
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 1 1 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 81 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                   
  +-- Potomida

Kongim et al., 2023 [Publ 4290], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                      
  |  +-- Pronodularia    
  +--+                   
     +-- Potomida

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Konopleva et al., 2021 [Publ 4213], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 25 1 1 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 67 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                      
  |  +-- Potomida        
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pronodularia    
--+                   
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                      
  |  +-- Potomida        
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pronodularia    
--+                   
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 28 1 1 -- 
  +-- Potomida        
--+                   
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 31 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Pronodularia    
  +--+                   
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida          
--+                        
  |  +-- Pronodularia      
  +--+                     
     +-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Pronodularia    
  +--+                   
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 28 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                   
  +-- Potomida

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pronodularia    
--+                   
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Potomida

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 1 1 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 38 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                   
  +-- Pronodularia

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pronodularia    
--+                   
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 2 2 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pronodularia    
--+                   
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                      
  |  +-- Potomida        
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Potomida

Goncalves et al., 2022 [Publ 4253], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Pronodularia    
  +--+                   
     +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 67 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                      
  |  +-- Pronodularia    
  +--+                   
     +-- Potomida

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pronodularia    
--+                   
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 34 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pronodularia    
--+                   
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                   
  +-- Potomida

Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pronodularia    
--+                   
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 2 2 -- 
  +----- Pronodularia    
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Potomida

Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3727], fig. 3_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 4 2 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_caveata **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 58 2 2 -- 
  +----- Pronodularia    
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Potomida

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 81 2 2 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                   
  +-- Pronodularia

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Pronodularia

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 1 1 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
--+                     
  +-- Potomida

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 0 0 -- 
-- Lamprotula_leaii **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 67 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **
--+                      
  |  +-- Pronodularia    
  +--+                   
     +-- Potomida

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 2 2 -- 
  +----- Pronodularia    
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Potomida

Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 49 2 2 -- 
  +----- Potomida        
--+                      
  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
  +--+                   
     +-- Pronodularia