species Pleurobema clava (Lamarck, 1819): synonymy

Unio clava Lamarck, 1819

Lamarck, 1819. Hist. Natur. Anim. sans Vert. 6: 74, sp. 18.
Type(s): TYPE MNHN_MPL_0015, Amer. Sept.

Pleurobema (s.s.) clava — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) clavus — Call (1900)
Pleurobema clava — Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1910), Ortmann (1912), ... Johnson et al. (2023), Hopper et al. (2023), Hauck et al. (2023), FMCS (2025), Campbell & Lydeard (2026)
Pleurobema (s.s.) mytiloides — Frierson (1927)
Pleurobema mytiloides — Modell (1942)
Pleurobema clava clava — Haas (1969)

Obliquaria (Scalenaria) scalenia Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 309, pl. 81, figs. 24-25 [also as ‘U. scalenia’].
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 53.
Type(s): NEOTYPE ANSP_20229, Ohio.

Pleurobema clava — Vanatta (1915), Ortmann & Walker (1922), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Campbell & Lydeard (2012)

Pleurobema cuneata Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 313 [also as ‘Unio cuneata’].
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 56.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE ANSP_20228, Riv. Ohio.

Pleurobema clava — Vanatta (1915), Ortmann & Walker (1922), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Pleurobema (s.s.) mytiloides — Frierson (1927)

Pleurobema mytiloides Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1819. Jour. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. 88: 427 [as ‘Unio (Pleurobema) mytiloïdes’]. [nomen nudum]
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 313, pl. 82, figs. 8-10 [also as ‘U. mytiloides’].
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 29, 56.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE ANSP_20223, [no locality available - North America].

Pleurobema clava — Vanatta (1915), Ortmann & Walker (1922), F.C. Baker (1928), Thiele (1934), Heard & Guckert (1970), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Graf & Cummings (2007), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Campbell & Lydeard (2012), Graf & Cummings (2021)
Pleurobema obliqua rubrum — Ortmann (1918)
Pleurobema (s.s.) mytiloides — Frierson (1927), Haas (1930)
Pleurobema mytiloides — Modell (1942), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema clava clava — Haas (1969)

Pleurobema cuneata var. maculata Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 313.
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 56.
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Pleurobema cuneata Rafinesque, 1820)

Pleurobema cuneata var. sulcata Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 313.
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 56.
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Pleurobema cuneata Rafinesque, 1820)

Unio (Aximedia) elliptica Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1818. Amer. Mon. Mag. 3: 355 [as ‘Potamilus ellipticus’]. [nomen nudum]
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 296 [also as ‘Elliptio elliptica’].
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 22, 42.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE ANSP_20213, [no locality available - North America].

Pleurobema clava — Vanatta (1915), Ortmann & Walker (1922), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Obovaria (s.s.) subrotunda — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)

Unio patulus Lea, 1829

Lea, 1829. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 3 [O. 1]: 441, pl. 12, fig. 20.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84760, Ohio ?

Pleurobema (s.s.) clava — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) clavus — Call (1900)
Unio patulus — de Gregorio (1914)
Pleurobema clava — Ortmann & Walker (1922), Burch (1975), Strayer & Jirka (1997), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Pleurobema (s.s.) clava-patulum — Frierson (1927)
Pleurobema clava patulus — Haas (1969)

Unio modioliformis ‘Say’ of Authors

‘Say’ of Authors.
Lea, 1834. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5 [O. 1]: 89.
Conrad, 1835. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(1): 5.
Ferussac, 1835. Mag. Zool. 5(59-60): 28.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 246.
(intro'd as syn of Unio clava Lamarck, 1819)

Unio (s.s.) clavus — Call (1900)

Unio mytilloides Conrad, 1834

Conrad, 1834. Amer. J. Sci. 25(2): 343, pl. 1, fig. 7.
(error for Pleurobema mytiloides Rafinesque, 1820)

Pleurobema (s.s.) cor — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)

Unio bournianus Lea, 1840

Lea, 1840. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 288.
Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 213 [51], pl. 15, fig. 28.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84683, Scioto R., Chillicothe, Ohio.

Pleurobema (s.s.) bournianus — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) bournianum — Simpson (1914)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) cor — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema bournianum — Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Turgeon et al. (1998), IUCN (2000), Graf & Cummings (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), ITIS (2012)
Pleurobema clava — Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Williams et al. (2017), Graf & Cummings (2021)

Unio consanguineus de Gregorio, 1914

de Gregorio, 1914. Il Nat. Siciliano 2: 46.
(homonym of Unio consanguineus Lea, 1861)

Pleurobema clava — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)

Unio anaticulus var. ohiensis de Gregorio, 1914

de Gregorio, 1914. Il Nat. Siciliano 2: 51, pl. 10, figs. 3a-d.
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio anaticulus Lea, 1861)

Unio anaticulus var. ohiensis — de Gregorio (1914)
Pleurobema clava — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Watters et al. (2009)

Unio cuneatus Say, 1834

‘Rafinesque’ Say, 1834. Amer. Conch. 6: ??.
(reference to Pleurobema cuneata Rafinesque, 1820)

Pleurobema (s.s.) clava — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema clava — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Watters et al. (2009)

Unio clavus Conrad, 1835

‘Lamarck’ Conrad, 1835. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(1): 5, pl. 3, fig. 1.
(reference to Unio clava Lamarck, 1819)

Pleurobema (s.s.) clava — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) clavus — Call (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) mytiloides — Frierson (1927)
Pleurobema mytiloides — Modell (1942)

Unio gibbosus Küster, 1848

‘Rafinesque’ Küster, 1848. Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 40.
(error for Obliquaria (Scalenaria) scalenia Rafinesque, 1820)

Unio (Scalenaria) scalenarius Mørch, 1853

‘Raf.’ Mørch, 1853. Cat. Conch. Yoldi 2: 44.
(error for Obliquaria (Scalenaria) scalenia Rafinesque, 1820)

Pleurobema sintoxia Huang et al., 2019

‘Rafinesque’ Huang et al., 2019. MPE 130: Table S4. [in part]
(misidentified reference to Obliquaria (Sintoxia) sintoxia Rafinesque, 1820)