Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Alasmidontina

genus Utterbackia F.C. Baker, 1927: cladomics

3 Recent valid species (3 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 3 (3 total)
analyzed in 110 cladograms in 64 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 3 (mean = 1.55, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 59
maximum number of included terminals = 3, (mean = 2.02 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.95

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Utterbackia cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Utterbackia cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 3 39 31 13 -- 
        +-------- Pyganodon                  
  +-----+                                    
  |     |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
  |     +--+                                 
  |        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
  |        +--+                              
  |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                                          
--+     +-------- Utterbackiana              
  |     |                                    
  |  +--+     +-- Lasmigona                  
  |  |  |  +--+                              
  |  |  |  |  +-- Pseudodontoideus           
  |  |  +--+                                 
  |  |     |  +-- Pterosyna                  
  |  |     +--+                              
  +--+        +-- Arcidens                   
     |                                       
     |     +----- Sulcularia                 
     |  +--+                                 
     |  |  |  +-- Anodontoides               
     |  |  +--+                              
     |  |     +-- Strophitus                 
     +--+                                    
        |     +-- Prolasmidonta              
        |  +--+                              
        |  |  +-- Platynaias                 
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Alasminota                 
           +--+                              
              +-- Alasmidonta

Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 32 14 -- 
     +-------------- Utterbackiana           
  +--+                                       
  |  |  +----------- Alasminota              
  |  +--+                                    
  |     |  +-------- Pseudodontoideus        
  |     +--+                                 
  |        |  +----- Lasmigona               
  |        +--+                              
  |           |  +-- Pterosyna               
  |           +--+                           
--+              +-- Arcidens                
  |                                          
  |              +-- Prolasmidonta           
  |           +--+                           
  |           |  +-- Platynaias              
  |     +-----+                              
  |     |     |  +-- Ligodonta               
  |     |     +--+                           
  |     |        +-- Alasmidonta             
  +-----+                                    
        |        +-- Anodontoides            
        |  +-----+                           
        |  |     +-- Strophitus              
        +--+                                 
           |  +----- Sulcularia              
           +--+                              
              |  +-- Pyganodon               
              +--+                           
                 +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 4 4 1 -- 
  +-------- Pyganodon               
--+                                 
  |  +----- Utterbackia_peggyae **     
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 23 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 20 0 3 102 14 9 -- 
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata      
  |                              
  +-- Prolasmidonta              
  |                              
  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata       
  |                              
  +-- Beringiana                 
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_confragosus       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri          
  |                              
  +-- Pterosyna                  
  |                              
--+-- Platynaias_compressa       
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona                  
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_decorata        
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_subviridis      
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris        
  |                              
  +-- Pseudodontoideus           
  |                              
  +-- Strophitus                 
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 94 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Pterosyna               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 13 11 5 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon             
--+                            
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **

Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 3 14 8 5 -- 
              +-- Alasmidonta                
  +-----------+                              
  |           +-- Pterosyna                  
  |                                          
--+           +-- Strophitus                 
  |  +--------+                              
  |  |        +-- Platynaias                 
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Pyganodon                  
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
           +--+                              
              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Pterosyna               
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 86 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 19 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 23 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 74 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Pterosyna               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 14 12 5 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon             
--+                            
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **   
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 66 4 4 -- 
     +----- Alasmidonta             
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Prolasmidonta           
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Platynaias              
  |                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 3 36 9 6 -- 
     +-------- Pyganodon                  
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
  |     +--+                              
--+        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                                       
  |        +-- Lasmigona                  
  |  +-----+                              
  |  |     +-- Pterosyna                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Alasmidonta                
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Strophitus                 
        +--+                              
           +-- Platynaias

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 90 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Pterosyna               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 14 3 3 -- 
        +-- Lasmigona               
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 84 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 14 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 44 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 67 4 4 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                 
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Platynaias              
     +--+                           
        +-- Alasmidonta

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 40 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 17 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 15 0 2 13 11 5 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_peggyae **        
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__1
  |                                 
--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__2
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata
  |                                 
  |  +-- Lasmigona                  
  +--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackiana_implicata    
  |                                 
  |  +-- Pterosyna                  
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Platynaias                 
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta        
  +--+                              
     +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_lacustris

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 90 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Pterosyna               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 21 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 63 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Pterosyna               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 47 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 54 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Lasmigona               
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 66 4 4 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                 
  |  +----- Alasmidonta             
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Platynaias              
     +--+                           
        +-- Prolasmidonta

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 13 11 5 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon             
--+                            
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 197 5 5 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 14 12 5 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon             
--+                            
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **   
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 199 5 5 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 66 4 4 -- 
     +----- Alasmidonta             
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Prolasmidonta           
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Platynaias              
  |                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 46 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 5 4 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |                                 
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Alasmidonta             
     +--+                           
        +-- Platynaias

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 36 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 38 3 3 -- 
        +-- Prolasmidonta           
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Alasmidonta             
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 94 5 5 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |  +--+                           
  |     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
--+                                 
  |     +-- Alasmidonta             
  |  +--+                           
  |  |  +-- Platynaias              
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                           
        +-- Pterosyna

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 28 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 37 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 5 4 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |                                 
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Alasmidonta             
     +--+                           
        +-- Platynaias

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 27 0 2 32 4 4 -- 
                    +----- Schistodesmus           
              +-----+                              
              |     |  +-- Lepidodesma             
              |     +--+                           
              |        +-- Aculamprotula           
  +-----------+                                    
  |           |     +----- Platynaias              
  |           |  +--+                              
  |           |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |           |  |  +--+                           
  |           +--+     +-- Pyganodon               
  |              |                                 
  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta             
  |              +--+                              
  |                 |  +-- Cristaria               
--+                 +--+                           
  |                    +-- Anodonta                
  |                                                
  |                    +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |           +--------+                           
  |           |        +-- Potamilus_alatus        
  |  +--------+                                    
  |  |        |  +-------- Lamprotula              
  |  |        +--+                                 
  |  |           |  +----- Sinohyriopsis           
  |  |           +--+                              
  +--+              |  +-- Parvasolenaia           
     |              +--+                           
     |                 +-- Sinosolenaia            
     |                                             
     |  +----------------- Gibbosula               
     +--+                                          
        |  +-------------- Quadrula                
        +--+                                       
           |  +----------- Toxolasma               
           +--+                                    
              |  +-------- Lampsilis_ornata        
              +--+                                 
                 |  +----- Potamilus_leptodon      
                 +--+                              
                    |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea   
                    +--+                           
                       +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Pterosyna               
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 3 18 12 8 -- 
           +-------- Pseudodontoideus           
  +--------+                                    
  |        |  +----- Lasmigona                  
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Pterosyna                  
--+           +--+                              
  |              +-- Arcidens                   
  |                                             
  |  +-------------- Strophitus                 
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +-- Platynaias                 
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        +-- Alasmidonta                
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Pyganodon                  
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
              +--+                              
                 +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 30 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 199 5 5 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 52 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Pterosyna               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 3 35 9 6 -- 
                 +-- Pterosyna                  
  +--------------+                              
  |              +-- Lasmigona                  
--+                                             
  |  +-------------- Strophitus                 
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +-- Platynaias                 
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        +-- Alasmidonta                
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Pyganodon                  
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
              +--+                              
                 +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 51 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Pterosyna               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Platynaias              
        +--+                           
           +-- Alasmidonta

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 20 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 4 4 -- 
  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  |                            
--+----- Utterbackiana         
  |                            
  |  +-- Alasmidonta           
  +--+                         
     +-- Lasmigona

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 8 7 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 1 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 2 2 -- 
  +----- Platynaias            
--+                            
  |  +-- Pyganodon             
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 16 7 -- 
           +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **
  +--------+                      
  |        +-- Pyganodon          
  |                               
--+        +-- Anodontoides       
  |  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Strophitus         
  |  |                            
  +--+     +-- Alasmidonta        
     |  +--+                      
     |  |  +-- Alasminota         
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Pseudodontoideus   
        +--+                      
           +-- Utterbackiana

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 26 11 -- 
  +-------------------- Utterbackiana           
  |                                             
  |                 +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+  +--------------+                           
  |  |              +-- Pyganodon               
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +----- Alasmidonta             
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        |  +-- Arcidens                
     |  |        +--+                           
     +--+           +-- Pseudodontoideus        
        |                                       
        |  +----------- Alasminota              
        |  |                                    
        +--+        +-- Anodontoides            
           |  +-----+                           
           |  |     +-- Strophitus              
           +--+                                 
              |  +----- Sulcularia              
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Platynaias              
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Prolasmidonta

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 26 24 10 -- 
  +-------------------- Sulcularia              
  |                                             
  |           +-------- Utterbackiana           
--+  +--------+                                 
  |  |        |  +----- Alasminota              
  |  |        +--+                              
  |  |           |  +-- Arcidens                
  +--+           +--+                           
     |              +-- Pseudodontoideus        
     |                                          
     |  +-------------- Alasmidonta             
     +--+                                       
        |  +----------- Platynaias              
        +--+                                    
           |  +-------- Strophitus              
           +--+                                 
              |  +----- Pyganodon               
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Anodontoides

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 4 4 -- 
  +----------- Utterbackiana         
--+                                  
  |  +-------- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Strophitus            
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Alasmidonta           
        +--+                         
           +-- Lasmigona

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 2 1 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 41 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 2 2 -- 
  +----- Platynaias            
--+                            
  |  +-- Pyganodon             
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Alasmidonta           
--+                         
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 8 8 -- 
  +-------------- Strophitus            
  |                                     
  |        +----- Pterosyna             
--+  +-----+                            
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona             
  |  |     +--+                         
  +--+        +-- Arcidens              
     |                                  
     |  +-------- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
     |  |                               
     +--+-------- Alasmidonta           
        |                               
        |  +----- Pyganodon             
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Anodontoides          
           +--+                         
              +-- Platynaias

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 4 4 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 3 3 -- 
     +-- Pyganodon               
  +--+                           
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                              
  |  +-- Alasmidonta             
  +--+                           
     +-- Prolasmidonta

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 2 2 -- 
-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 1 1 -- 
-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 26 5 4 -- 
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  +-----+                         
  |     +-- Utterbackiana         
--+                               
  |  +----- Strophitus            
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Lasmigona             
     +--+                         
        +-- Alasmidonta

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 1 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **