Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Popenaiadini

genus Popenaias Frierson, 1927: cladomics

4 Recent valid species (4 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 4 (4 total)
analyzed in 47 cladograms in 30 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 3 (mean = 1.17, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 5
maximum number of included terminals = 3, (mean = 2.6 median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Cladograms

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 3 3 1 3 630 3 2 **
Cladomics cladogram Cyrtonaias Glebula Popenaias popeii Popenaias berezai Popenaias semirasa

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 20 2 1 0
Cladomics cladogram Psoronaias Popenaias popeii Popenaias berezai Popenaias semirasa

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 19 2 1 0
Cladomics cladogram Psoronaias Popenaias popeii Popenaias berezai Popenaias semirasa

Martínez et al., 2026 [Publ 4820], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.500 2 2 0 2 14 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias berezai Popenaias popeii Cyrtonaias Mesonaias Pachynaias

Barraza et al., 2026 [Publ 4851], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 2 2 0 2 17 3 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Cyrtonaias Popenaias popeii Popenaias berezai

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 5 3 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Nephronaias Psoronaias

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 30 2 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Psoronaias

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 56 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Psoronaias Popenaias popeii

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 56 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Psoronaias Popenaias popeii

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 27 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Psoronaias

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 27 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Psoronaias

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 11 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nephronaias Popenaias popeii

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 11 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nephronaias Popenaias popeii

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 10 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nephronaias Popenaias popeii

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 101 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Amblema

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 101 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Amblema Reginaia

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 55 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Amblema Popenaias popeii

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 56 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Amblema Popenaias popeii Paetulunio Toxolasma Obliquaria Glebula Cyrtonaias Ptychobranchus Dromus Cyprogenia Medionidus conradicus Medionidus acutissimus Lemiox Sagittunio Potamilus Truncilla Ellipsaria Ortmanniana pectorosa Lampsilis fasciola Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis cardium Ligumia Cambarunio Lampsilis teres Hamiota Leaunio Ortmanniana ligamentina Lampsilis siliquoidea Obovaria olivaria Venustaconcha Epioblasma Obovaria unicolor Obovaria subrotunda Obovaria arkansasensis

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 20 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Obliquaria Cyrtonaias Glebula Ptychobranchus Lemiox Venustaconcha Obovaria Hamiota Lampsilis ovata Ortmanniana Lampsilis straminea Lampsilis hydiana

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 20 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Obliquaria Cyrtonaias Glebula Ptychobranchus Lemiox Venustaconcha Obovaria Hamiota Lampsilis ovata Ortmanniana Lampsilis straminea Lampsilis hydiana

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 41 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Amblema

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 41 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Cyrtonaias Plectomerus Lemiox Lampsilis Obovaria

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 42 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Amblema

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 41 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Amblema

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 72 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Amblema

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 72 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Glebula Paetulunio Toxolasma Plectomerus Obliquaria Potamilus Dromus Lemiox Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis virescens Epioblasma Obovaria arkansasensis Obovaria olivaria Venustaconcha

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 40 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Cyrtonaias Parvaspina Plethobasus Elliptio Fusconaia Eurynia Hemistena Pleuronaia Pleurobema riddellii Pleurobema sintoxia 2 Pleurobema sintoxia 1 Pleurobema cordatum Pleurobema stabile Pleurobema pyriforme Pleurobema georgianum Pleurobema hanleyianum Pleurobema decisum Pleurobema clava Pleurobema oviforme Pleurobema beadleianum Pleurobema rubellum Pleurobema strodeanum Pleurobema perovatum Pleurobema taitianum

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 104 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Dromus Epioblasma Glebula Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis virescens Lemiox Obliquaria Obovaria olivaria Obovaria unicolor Plectomerus Potamilus alatus Potamilus capax

Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 32 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Elliptio Pleurobema Cyrtonaias Glebula Reginaia Obliquaria Toxolasma Potamilus Ellipsaria Truncilla Medionidus Lemiox Dromus Cambarunio Leaunio Villosa Sagittunio Lampsilis ovata Venustaconcha Epioblasma Obovaria Lampsilis teres Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis hydiana Lampsilis straminea

Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 40 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Glebula Cyrtonaias

Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 18 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis ornata Venustaconcha Lampsilis powellii Lampsilis siliquoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 72 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium Venustaconcha Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis powellii

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 72 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium Venustaconcha Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis powellii

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 67 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium Venustaconcha Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis powellii

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 72 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis ornata Venustaconcha Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis powellii

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 14 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Amblema Quadrula Uniomerus Pleurobema Elliptio

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 52 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis ornata Venustaconcha Lampsilis powellii Lampsilis siliquoidea

Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 26 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Lampsilis Popenaias popeii

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 94 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis cariosa Venustaconcha Lampsilis powellii Lampsilis siliquoidea

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 94 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis cariosa Venustaconcha Lampsilis powellii Lampsilis siliquoidea

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 90 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis cariosa Venustaconcha Lampsilis powellii Lampsilis siliquoidea

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 90 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Venustaconcha Lampsilis powellii Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis cariosa

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 52 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis Venustaconcha

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 52 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis Venustaconcha

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 86 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis ornata Venustaconcha Lampsilis powellii Lampsilis siliquoidea

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 84 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Popenaias popeii Toxolasma Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis ornata Venustaconcha Lampsilis powellii Lampsilis siliquoidea

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 139 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Amblema Popenaias popeii