Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Quadrulini

genus Uniomerus Conrad, 1853: cladomics

4 Recent valid species (5 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 4 (5 total)
analyzed in 51 cladograms in 35 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 4 (mean = 1.2, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 6
maximum number of included terminals = 4, (mean = 2.67 median = 2.5)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Uniomerus cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Uniomerus cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 2 4 629 18 2 0 
           +----------- Megalonaias           
  +--------+                                  
  |        |  +-------- Uniomerus_carolinianus **
  |        +--+                               
  |           |  +----- Uniomerus_declivis__2 ** 
  |           +--+                            
  |              |  +-- Uniomerus_declivis__1 ** 
  |              +--+                         
  |                 +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus ** 
  |                                           
  |                 +-- Theliderma_johnsoni   
--+        +--------+                         
  |        |        +-- Theliderma_metanevra  
  |        |                                  
  |  +-----+        +-- Quadrula_nobilis      
  |  |     |  +-----+                         
  |  |     |  |     +-- Quadrula_verrucosa    
  |  |     +--+                               
  |  |        |  +----- Theliderma_cylindrica 
  |  |        +--+                            
  |  |           |  +-- Quadrula_fragosa      
  +--+           +--+                         
     |              +-- Quadrula_quadrula     
     |                                        
     |           +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana  
     |  +--------+                            
     |  |        |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata    
     |  |        +--+                         
     +--+           +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana   
        |                                     
        |  +----------- Cyclonaias            
        |  |                                  
        +--+        +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa   
           |  +-----+                         
           |  |     +-- Pustulosa_succissa    
           +--+                               
              |  +----- Pustulosa_nodulata    
              +--+                            
                 |  +-- Pustulosa_necki       
                 +--+                         
                    +-- Pustulosa_petrina

Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 23 18 2 2 
  +-------------- Megalonaias           
  |                                     
  |     +-------- Uniomerus_carolinianus **
--+  +--+                               
  |  |  |  +----- Uniomerus_columbensis ** 
  |  |  +--+                            
  |  |     |  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus ** 
  +--+     +--+                         
     |        +-- Uniomerus_declivis **    
     |                                  
     |  +-------- Theliderma            
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Cyclonaias            
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Quadrula              
           +--+                         
              +-- Pustulosa

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 0 3 25 15 2 2 
                       +----- Megalonaias           
                       |                            
  +--------------------+  +-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **
  |                    |  |                         
  |                    +--+-- Uniomerus_declivis **    
  |                       |                         
--+                       +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus ** 
  |                                                 
  |  +----------------------- Quadrula_quadrula     
  |  |                                              
  |  |                    +-- Quadrula_verrucosa    
  +--+  +-----------------+                         
     |  |                 +-- Quadrula_nobilis      
     |  |                                           
     +--+  +----------------- Theliderma            
        |  |                                        
        |  |           +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana  
        +--+  +--------+                            
           |  |        |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata    
           |  |        +--+                         
           +--+           +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana   
              |                                     
              |  +----------- Cyclonaias            
              |  |                                  
              +--+        +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa   
                 |  +-----+                         
                 |  |     +-- Pustulosa_succissa    
                 +--+                               
                    |  +----- Pustulosa_nodulata    
                    +--+                            
                       |  +-- Pustulosa_necki       
                       +--+                         
                          +-- Pustulosa_petrina

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 103 5 1 -- 
     +-- Uniomerus_declivis **    
  +--+                         
  |  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus ** 
  |                            
  |  +-- Cyclonaias            
--+  |                         
  |  +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa__1
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Theliderma            
  +--+                         
     +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa__2
     |                         
     +-- Quadrula_quadrula     
     |                         
     +-- Quadrula_verrucosa

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 71 9 1 -- 
                 +-- Uniomerus_declivis **   
  +--------------+                        
  |              +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
  |                                       
--+              +-- Quadrula_verrucosa   
  |  +-----------+                        
  |  |           +-- Quadrula_nobilis     
  |  |                                    
  +--+  +----------- Quadrula_quadrula    
     |  |                                 
     |  +----------- Theliderma           
     +--+                                 
        |        +-- Pustulosa_infucata   
        |  +-----+                        
        |  |     +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana  
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Cyclonaias           
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa  
              +--+                        
                 +-- Pustulosa_succissa

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 71 9 1 -- 
                    +-- Uniomerus_declivis **   
  +-----------------+                        
  |                 +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
--+                                          
  |  +----------------- Theliderma           
  |  |                                       
  +--+  +-------------- Quadrula_verrucosa   
     |  |                                    
     |  |           +-- Quadrula_quadrula    
     +--+  +--------+                        
        |  |        +-- Quadrula_nobilis     
        |  |                                 
        +--+        +-- Pustulosa_infucata   
           |  +-----+                        
           |  |     +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana  
           +--+                              
              |  +----- Cyclonaias           
              +--+                           
                 |  +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa  
                 +--+                        
                    +-- Pustulosa_succissa

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 42 6 1 -- 
  +-------------- Uniomerus_declivis ** 
  |                                  
--+           +-- Pustulosa_infucata 
  |  +--------+                      
  |  |        +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Quadrula           
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Cyclonaias         
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Pustulosa_succissa 
           +--+                      
              +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 -- 
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
--+                        
  +-- Quadrula

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 26 3 2 -- 
-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 101 10 2 -- 
  +-------------------- Megalonaias         
  |                                         
--+  +----------------- Uniomerus_declivis **  
  |  |                                      
  +--+  +-------------- Theliderma          
     |  |                                   
     +--+  +----------- Quadrula_quadrula   
        |  |                                
        |  |        +-- Quadrula_nobilis    
        +--+  +-----+                       
           |  |     +-- Quadrula_verrucosa  
           |  |                             
           +--+  +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana
              |  |                          
              |  |  +-- Cyclonaias          
              +--+--+                       
                 |  +-- Pustulosa_succissa  
                 |                          
                 |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata  
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana

Johnson et al., 2018 [Publ 3844], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 13 2 -- 
  +-------------------------- Megalonaias          
  |                                                
--+  +----------------------- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
  |  |                                             
  +--+  +-------------------- Theliderma           
     |  |                                          
     +--+  +----------------- Quadrula             
        |  |                                       
        |  |           +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana 
        +--+  +--------+                           
           |  |        |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata   
           |  |        +--+                        
           |  |           +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana  
           +--+                                    
              |           +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa  
              |  +--------+                        
              |  |        +-- Pustulosa_succissa   
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-------- Cyclonaias           
                 +--+                              
                    |  +----- Pustulosa_necki      
                    +--+                           
                       |  +-- Pustulosa_nodulata   
                       +--+                        
                          +-- Pustulosa_petrina

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 3 2 -- 
-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3835], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 3 2 -- 
  +----- Quadrula          
--+                        
  |  +-- Uniomerus_declivis **
  +--+                     
     +-- Megalonaias

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 3 2 -- 
-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 140 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 3 2 -- 
-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 -- 
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
--+                        
  +-- Quadrula

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 85 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 0 0 -- 
-- Uniomerus_declivis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 199 3 2 -- 
  +----- Quadrula              
--+                            
  |  +-- Megalonaias           
  +--+                         
     +-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
--+                        
  +-- Quadrula

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 28 18 2 -- 
  +-------------------------- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
  |                                                
--+  +----------------------- Theliderma           
  |  |                                             
  +--+  +-------------------- Quadrula             
     |  |                                          
     +--+  +----------------- Pustulosa_kieneriana 
        |  |                                       
        |  |              +-- Pustulosa_infucata   
        +--+  +-----------+                        
           |  |           +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana  
           |  |                                    
           +--+           +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa  
              |  +--------+                        
              |  |        +-- Pustulosa_succissa   
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-------- Cyclonaias           
                 +--+                              
                    |  +----- Pustulosa_necki      
                    +--+                           
                       |  +-- Pustulosa_petrina    
                       +--+                        
                          +-- Pustulosa_nodulata

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 25 15 2 -- 
  +----------------------------- Megalonaias          
  |                                                   
--+  +-------------------------- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
  |  |                                                
  +--+  +----------------------- Theliderma           
     |  |                                             
     +--+  +-------------------- Quadrula_quadrula    
        |  |                                          
        |  |                 +-- Quadrula_verrucosa   
        +--+  +--------------+                        
           |  |              +-- Quadrula_nobilis     
           |  |                                       
           |  |           +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana 
           +--+  +--------+                           
              |  |        |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata   
              |  |        +--+                        
              |  |           +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana  
              +--+                                    
                 |           +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa  
                 |  +--------+                        
                 |  |        +-- Pustulosa_succissa   
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-------- Cyclonaias           
                    +--+                              
                       |  +----- Pustulosa_necki      
                       +--+                           
                          |  +-- Pustulosa_petrina    
                          +--+                        
                             +-- Pustulosa_nodulata

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 87 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 3 2 -- 
-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 3 2 -- 
-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 5 1 -- 
  +-------------- Uniomerus_declivis ** 
--+                                  
  |  +----------- Quadrula_quadrula  
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Quadrula_verrucosa 
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Pustulosa_pustulosa
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Pustulosa_petrina  
           +--+                      
              +-- Cyclonaias

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 -- 
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
--+                        
  +-- Quadrula

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 197 3 2 -- 
  +----- Quadrula              
--+                            
  |  +-- Megalonaias           
  +--+                         
     +-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 0 0 -- 
-- Uniomerus_declivis **

Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 0 0 -- 
-- Uniomerus_declivis **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **
--+                        
  +-- Megalonaias

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 199 3 2 -- 
-- Uniomerus_carolinianus **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula             
--+                        
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 101 10 2 -- 
              +-- Megalonaias         
  +-----------+                       
  |           +-- Uniomerus_declivis **  
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Theliderma          
  |  |                                
  +--+  +-------- Quadrula            
     |  |                             
     +--+  +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana
        |  |                          
        |  |  +-- Cyclonaias          
        +--+--+                       
           |  +-- Pustulosa_succissa  
           |                          
           |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata  
           +--+                       
              +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 4 2 -- 
  +----------- Megalonaias       
--+                              
  |  +-------- Uniomerus_declivis **
  +--+                           
     |  +----- Quadrula_verrucosa
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Cyclonaias        
        +--+                     
           +-- Quadrula_quadrula

Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula          
--+                     
  +-- Uniomerus_declivis **