Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae | Pseudodontini | Pseudodontina

genus Pilsbryoconcha Simpson, 1900: cladomics

9 Recent valid species (9 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 9 (9 total)
analyzed in 88 cladograms in 56 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 9 (mean = 2.11, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 33
maximum number of included terminals = 9, (mean = 3.97 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.85

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Pilsbryoconcha cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Pilsbryoconcha cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 8 10 624 32 9 0 
  +----------------- Lannanaia                      
  |                                                 
  |           +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 **       
--+  +--------+                                     
  |  |        |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 **       
  |  |        +--+                                  
  |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **     
  +--+                                              
     |        +----- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis__2 **
     |  +-----+                                     
     |  |     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis__1 **
     |  |     +--+                                  
     +--+        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **      
        |                                           
        |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **         
        +--+                                        
           |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **      
           +--+                                     
              |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **           
              +--+                                  
                 +-- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **

Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 8 10 31 26 7 7 
  +-------------------------------- Songkhlanaia                   
  |                                                                
  |                             +-- Nyeinchanconcha                
--+  +--------------------------+                                  
  |  |                          +-- Sundadontina                   
  |  |                                                             
  +--+                       +----- Namkongnaia                    
     |  +--------------------+                                     
     |  |                    |  +-- Thaiconcha                     
     |  |                    +--+                                  
     +--+                       +-- Bineurus                       
        |                                                          
        |  +----------------------- Pseudodon                      
        |  |                                                       
        +--+  +-------------------- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **      
           |  |                                                    
           +--+                 +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis__2 **
              |  +--------------+                                  
              |  |              +-- Pilsbryoconcha **                 
              +--+                                                 
                 |  +-------------- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis__1 **
                 |  |                                              
                 +--+           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **     
                    |  +--------+                                  
                    |  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **          
                    +--+                                           
                       |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **         
                       +--+                                        
                          |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **      
                          +--+                                     
                             |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **           
                             +--+                                  
                                +-- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **

Zieritz et al., 2026 [Publ 4812], fig. 4a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 1 1 1 6 
  +-------------------- Pseudodon                   
  |                                                 
--+  +----------------- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **   
  |  |                                              
  +--+  +-------------- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
     |  |                                           
     +--+           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
        |  +--------+                               
        |  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **  
        +--+                                        
           |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **      
           +--+                                     
              |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **   
              +--+                                  
                 |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **        
                 +--+                               
                    +-- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **

Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 30 25 7 6 
              +----- Nyeinchanconcha             
        +-----+                                  
        |     |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
        |     +--+                               
  +-----+        +-- Bineurus                    
  |     |                                        
  |     |  +-------- Songkhlanaia                
  |     +--+                                     
  |        |  +----- Sundadontina                
  |        +--+                                  
  |           |  +-- Namkongnaia                 
--+           +--+                               
  |              +-- Pseudodon                   
  |                                              
  |              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
  |  +-----------+                               
  |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **  
  |  |                                           
  +--+           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **   
     |  +--------+                               
     |  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
     +--+                                        
        |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **    
        +--+                                     
           |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **        
           +--+                                  
              |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **      
              +--+                               
                 +-- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **

Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 30 25 7 6 
     +-------------- Songkhlanaia                
     |                                           
  +--+           +-- Namkongnaia                 
  |  |  +--------+                               
  |  |  |        +-- Pseudodon                   
  |  +--+                                        
  |     |  +-------- Sundadontina                
  |     +--+                                     
  |        |  +----- Nyeinchanconcha             
  |        +--+                                  
--+           |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
  |           +--+                               
  |              +-- Bineurus                    
  |                                              
  |              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
  |  +-----------+                               
  |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **  
  |  |                                           
  +--+           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **   
     |  +--------+                               
     |  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
     +--+                                        
        |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **        
        +--+                                     
           |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **    
           +--+                                  
              |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **   
              +--+                               
                 +-- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **

Konopleva et al., 2025 [Publ 4446], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 36 31 9 6 
  +-------------------- Lannanaia                   
  |                                                 
  |     +-------------- Songkhlanaia                
  |     |                                           
  |     |        +----- Nyeinchanconcha             
  |  +--+  +-----+                                  
--+  |  |  |     |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
  |  |  |  |     +--+                               
  |  |  +--+        +-- Bineurus                    
  |  |     |                                        
  |  |     |  +-------- Sundadontina                
  |  |     +--+                                     
  |  |        |  +----- Pseudodon                   
  +--+        +--+                                  
     |           |  +-- Namkongnaia                 
     |           +--+                               
     |              +-- Isannaia                    
     |                                              
     |              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
     |  +-----------+                               
     |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **  
     |  |                                           
     +--+           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **   
        |  +--------+                               
        |  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
        +--+                                        
           |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **    
           +--+                                     
              |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **        
              +--+                                  
                 |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **      
                 +--+                               
                    +-- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 51 28 9 4 
  +----------------------- Pseudodon                   
  |                                                    
  |              +-------- Sundadontina                
  |  +-----------+                                     
--+  |           |  +----- Nyeinchanconcha             
  |  |           +--+                                  
  |  |              |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
  |  |              +--+                               
  |  |                 +-- Bineurus                    
  +--+                                                 
     |              +----- Namkongnaia                 
     |  +-----------+                                  
     |  |           |  +-- Lannanaia                   
     |  |           +--+                               
     |  |              +-- Songkhlanaia                
     +--+                                              
        |  +-------------- Isannaia                    
        |  |                                           
        |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
        +--+  +--------+                               
           |  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **  
           |  |                                        
           +--+        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
              |  +-----+                               
              |  |     +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **   
              |  |                                     
              +--+     +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **        
                 |  +--+                               
                 |  |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **    
                 +--+                                  
                    |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **      
                    +--+                               
                       +-- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 68 7 6 2 
                    +-- Nyeinchanconcha             
                 +--+                               
                 |  +-- Sundadontina                
  +--------------+                                  
  |              |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
  |              +--+                               
  |                 +-- Bineurus                    
--+                                                 
  |                 +-- Namkongnaia                 
  |  +--------------+                               
  |  |              +-- Pseudodon                   
  |  |                                              
  +--+              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
     |  +-----------+                               
     |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **  
     |  |                                           
     +--+           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **   
        |  +--------+                               
        |  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
        +--+                                        
           |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **      
           +--+                                     
              |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **   
              +--+                                  
                 |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **        
                 +--+                               
                    +-- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 68 7 6 2 
                    +-- Nyeinchanconcha             
                 +--+                               
                 |  +-- Sundadontina                
  +--------------+                                  
  |              |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
  |              +--+                               
  |                 +-- Bineurus                    
--+                                                 
  |                 +-- Namkongnaia                 
  |  +--------------+                               
  |  |              +-- Pseudodon                   
  |  |                                              
  +--+              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
     |  +-----------+                               
     |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **  
     |  |                                           
     +--+           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **   
        |  +--------+                               
        |  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
        +--+                                        
           |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **      
           +--+                                     
              |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **   
              +--+                                  
                 |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **        
                 +--+                               
                    +-- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 42 30 9 2 
        +-------------- Songkhlanaia                
        |                                           
        |        +----- Nyeinchanconcha             
  +-----+  +-----+                                  
  |     |  |     |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
  |     |  |     +--+                               
  |     +--+        +-- Bineurus                    
  |        |                                        
  |        |  +-------- Sundadontina                
  |        +--+                                     
  |           |  +----- Isannaia                    
--+           +--+                                  
  |              |  +-- Namkongnaia                 
  |              +--+                               
  |                 +-- Pseudodon                   
  |                                                 
  |  +----------------- Lannanaia                   
  |  |                                              
  |  |              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
  +--+  +-----------+                               
     |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **  
     |  |                                           
     +--+           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **   
        |  +--------+                               
        |  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
        +--+                                        
           |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab **      
           +--+                                     
              |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **   
              +--+                                  
                 |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta **        
                 +--+                               
                    +-- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 4 6 77 20 7 11 
                    +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki **  
           +--------+                               
           |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 **    
  +--------+                                        
  |        |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha **              
  |        +--+                                     
  |           |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
  |           +--+                                  
--+              |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 **    
  |              +--+                               
  |                 +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **   
  |                                                 
  |  +----------------- Songkhlanaia                
  +--+                                              
     |  +-------------- Namkongnaia                 
     +--+                                           
        |  +----------- Pseudodon                   
        +--+                                        
           |  +-------- Sundadontina                
           +--+                                     
              |  +----- Nyeinchanconcha             
              +--+                                  
                 |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
                 +--+                               
                    +-- Bineurus

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 32 14 6 9 
           +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
  +--------+                                  
  |        |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
  |        +--+                               
  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha **              
  |                                           
  |           +-- Nyeinchanconcha             
--+        +--+                               
  |        |  +-- Sundadontina_cumingii       
  |  +-----+                                  
  |  |     |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
  |  |     +--+                               
  |  |        +-- Bineurus                    
  +--+                                        
     |        +-- Namkongnaia                 
     |  +-----+                               
     |  |     +-- Pseudodon                   
     +--+                                     
        |  +----- Sundadontina_tumida         
        +--+                                  
           |  +-- Sundadontina_brandti        
           +--+                               
              +-- Sundadontina_taskaevi

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 7 0 2 80 5 2 12 
  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii         
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_mekongi__1      
  |                             
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **     
--+                             
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera ** 
  |                             
  +-- Bineurus_loeiensis        
  |                             
  +-- Bineurus_exilis           
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_mekongi__2

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 4 198 9 5 -- 
     +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__3 ** 
  +--+                                  
  |  |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 ** 
  |  +--+                               
  |     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 ** 
  |     +--+                            
--+        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
  |                                     
  |        +-- Pseudodon                
  |  +-----+                            
  |  |     +-- Sundadontina             
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Nyeinchanconcha          
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Thaiconcha               
        +--+                            
           +-- Bineurus

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 78 3 3 -- 
        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta ** 
--+                              
  |  +----- Pseudodon            
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Bineurus             
     +--+                        
        +-- Nyeinchanconcha

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 45 9 5 -- 
              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **    
  +-----------+                            
  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Pseudodon                
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Sundadontina             
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Nyeinchanconcha          
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Bineurus                 
           +--+                            
              +-- Thaiconcha

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 4 196 9 5 -- 
     +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__3 ** 
  +--+                                  
  |  |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 ** 
  |  +--+                               
  |     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
  |     +--+                            
--+        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 ** 
  |                                     
  |        +-- Sundadontina_tumida      
  |  +-----+                            
  |  |     +-- Pseudodon                
  |  |                                  
  +--+     +-- Nyeinchanconcha          
     |  +--+                            
     |  |  +-- Sundadontina_cumingii    
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Thaiconcha               
        +--+                            
           +-- Bineurus

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 3 198 9 5 -- 
  +-------- Nyeinchanconcha          
  |                                  
  +-------- Thaiconcha               
  |                                  
  +-------- Sundadontina_cumingii    
  |                                  
  +-------- Sundadontina_tumida__1   
--+                                  
  +-------- Sundadontina_tumida__2   
  |                                  
  +-------- Pseudodon                
  |                                  
  +-------- Bineurus                 
  |                                  
  |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 ** 
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
     +--+                            
        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 4 136 10 5 -- 
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__3 ** 
--+                                  
  |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 ** 
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 ** 
     +--+                            
        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 46 9 5 -- 
              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **    
  +-----------+                            
  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Pseudodon                
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Sundadontina             
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Nyeinchanconcha          
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Bineurus                 
           +--+                            
              +-- Thaiconcha

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 120 4 4 -- 
        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **    
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
--+                                  
  |  +----- Pseudodon                
  |  |                               
  +--+  +-- Nyeinchanconcha          
     |  |                            
     +--+-- Bineurus                 
        |                            
        +-- Sundadontina

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 4 136 9 5 -- 
     +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 ** 
  +--+                                  
  |  |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__3 ** 
  |  +--+                               
  |     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 ** 
  |     +--+                            
--+        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
  |                                     
  |        +-- Sundadontina_tumida      
  |  +-----+                            
  |  |     +-- Pseudodon                
  |  |                                  
  +--+     +-- Nyeinchanconcha          
     |  +--+                            
     |  |  +-- Sundadontina_cumingii    
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Thaiconcha               
        +--+                            
           +-- Bineurus

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 4 122 9 5 -- 
  +-------------- Bineurus                 
  |                                        
  |           +-- Nyeinchanconcha          
  +-----------+                            
  |           +-- Sundadontina_cumingii    
--+                                        
  |           +-- Sundadontina_tumida      
  +-----------+                            
  |           +-- Pseudodon                
  |                                        
  |  +----------- Thaiconcha               
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__3 ** 
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 ** 
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 ** 
           +--+                            
              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 3 0 2 89 1 1 9 
  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **    
--+                               
  |  +-- Pseudodon                
  +--+                            
     +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4476], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 13 13 4 -- 
           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **    
  +--------+                            
  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana **
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Pseudodon                
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Namkongnaia              
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Isannaia                 
        +--+                            
           +-- Sundadontina

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 43 12 5 -- 
        +-- Nyeinchanconcha          
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Bineurus                 
  |                                  
  |     +-- Thaiconcha               
--+-----+                            
  |     +-- Sundadontina             
  |                                  
  |  +----- Pseudodon                
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
     +--+                            
        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 3 109 14 5 -- 
  +----------------- Bineurus                
  |                                          
--+  +-------------- Nyeinchanconcha         
  |  |                                       
  +--+           +-- Pseudodon               
     |  +--------+                           
     |  |        +-- Sundadontina            
     +--+                                    
        |  +-------- Thaiconcha              
        +--+                                 
           |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 **
           +--+                              
              |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 **
              +--+                           
                 +-- Pilsbryoconcha **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 3 0 2 32 14 6 9 
           +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **       
  +--------+                                  
  |        |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
  |        +--+                               
  |           +-- Namkongnaia_lemeslei__2     
--+                                           
  |        +----- Nyeinchanconcha             
  |  +-----+                                  
  |  |     |  +-- Thaiconcha                  
  |  |     +--+                               
  +--+        +-- Bineurus                    
     |                                        
     |  +-------- Sundadontina                
     +--+                                     
        |  +----- Pseudodon                   
        +--+                                  
           |  +-- Namkongnaia_lemeslei__1     
           +--+                               
              +-- Namkongnaia_inkhavilayi

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 43 12 5 -- 
           +-- Nyeinchanconcha          
  +--------+                            
  |        +-- Bineurus                 
  |                                     
--+        +-- Thaiconcha               
  |  +-----+                            
  |  |     +-- Sundadontina             
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Pseudodon                
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
        +--+                            
           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 7 0 2 49 5 2 12 
  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii         
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_mekongi__1      
  |                             
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **     
--+                             
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera ** 
  |                             
  +-- Bineurus_loeiensis        
  |                             
  +-- Bineurus_exilis           
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_mekongi__2

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 3 115 14 5 -- 
  +----------------- Bineurus                
  |                                          
--+  +-------------- Nyeinchanconcha         
  |  |                                       
  +--+           +-- Pseudodon               
     |  +--------+                           
     |  |        +-- Sundadontina            
     +--+                                    
        |  +-------- Thaiconcha              
        +--+                                 
           |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 **
           +--+                              
              |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 **
              +--+                           
                 +-- Pilsbryoconcha **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 3 0 2 89 1 1 9 
  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **    
--+                               
  |  +-- Pseudodon                
  +--+                            
     +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 44 9 5 -- 
              +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **    
  +-----------+                            
  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Pseudodon                
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Sundadontina             
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Nyeinchanconcha          
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Bineurus                 
           +--+                            
              +-- Thaiconcha

Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 6 4 -- 
        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Pseudodon            
--+                              
  |  +----- Sundadontina         
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Thaiconcha           
     +--+                        
        +-- Bineurus

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Konopleva et al., 2021 [Publ 4213], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 2 0 2 25 17 6 -- 
        +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2 **
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1 **
  |     +--+                           
  |        +-- Namkongnaia             
--+                                    
  |        +-- Pseudodon               
  |  +-----+                           
  |  |     +-- Sundadontina            
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Nyeinchanconcha         
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Thaiconcha              
        +--+                           
           +-- Bineurus

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 4 3 -- 
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                              
  |  +----- Bineurus             
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Pseudodon            
     +--+                        
        +-- Thaiconcha

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon                
--+                            
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 4 3 -- 
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
  |                              
--+  +----- Bineurus_anodontinum 
  |  |                           
  +--+----- Bineurus_loeiensis   
     |                           
     |  +-- Pseudodon            
     +--+                        
        +-- Thaiconcha

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 4 3 -- 
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                              
  |  +----- Pseudodon            
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Thaiconcha           
     +--+                        
        +-- Bineurus

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 3 3 -- 
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                              
  |  +----- Bineurus             
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Pseudodon            
     +--+                        
        +-- Sundadontina

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 41 0 0 -- 
-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 5 4 -- 
  +-------- Sundadontina             
  |                                  
--+     +-- Nyeinchanconcha          
  |  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Bineurus                 
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
     +--+                            
        +-- Pseudodon

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 38 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 68 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
--+                            
  +-- Pseudodon

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 140 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis **
--+                               
  +-- Pseudodon

Kongim et al., 2023 [Publ 4290], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 1 1 -- 
  +-- Namkongnaia          
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 4 3 -- 
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                              
  |  +----- Pseudodon            
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Thaiconcha           
     +--+                        
        +-- Bineurus

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 5 4 -- 
  +----------- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Pseudodon                
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Sundadontina             
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Nyeinchanconcha          
        +--+                            
           +-- Bineurus

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 5 4 -- 
  +----------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                                 
  |  +-------- Pseudodon            
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Sundadontina         
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Thaiconcha           
        +--+                        
           +-- Bineurus

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
--+                            
  +-- Pseudodon

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 4 3 -- 
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                              
  |  +----- Pseudodon            
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Thaiconcha           
     +--+                        
        +-- Bineurus

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 26 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 87 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 85 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon            
--+                        
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 3 3 -- 
  +-------- Bineurus             
--+                              
  |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Pseudodon            
     +--+                        
        +-- Sundadontina

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **
--+                            
  +-- Pseudodon

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                        
  +-- Pseudodon

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon                
--+                            
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 4 3 -- 
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
--+                              
  |  +----- Pseudodon            
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Thaiconcha           
     +--+                        
        +-- Bineurus

Jeratthitikul & Sutcharit, 2023 [Publ 4289], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 10 6 -- 
  +----------- Bineurus             
  |                                 
  |     +----- Namkongnaia          
--+  +--+                           
  |  |  |  +-- Sundadontina         
  |  |  +--+                        
  +--+     +-- Nyeinchanconcha      
     |                              
     |  +----- Pseudodon            
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis **
        +--+                        
           +-- Thaiconcha