Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Cristariina

genus Cristaria Schumacher, 1817: cladomics

7 Recent valid species (10 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 7 (10 total)
analyzed in 123 cladograms in 83 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 7 (mean = 1.39, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 19
maximum number of included terminals = 7, (mean = 3.53 median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.95

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Cristaria cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Cristaria cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 6 9 27 23 6 0 
                    +----- Amuranodonta         
  +-----------------+                           
  |                 |  +-- Anemina              
  |                 +--+                        
  |                    +-- Buldowskia           
--+                                             
  |                 +----- Pletholophus         
  |  +--------------+                           
  |  |              |  +-- Beringiana           
  |  |              +--+                        
  +--+                 +-- Sinanodonta          
     |                                          
     |  +----------------- Cristaria_wangyucheni **
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +-------------- Cristaria_bellua **     
        |  |                                    
        +--+  +----------- Cristaria_clessini **   
           |  |                                 
           +--+        +-- Cristaria_plicata **    
              |  +-----+                        
              |  |     +-- Cristaria_truncata **   
              +--+                              
                 |  +----- Cristaria_radiata__2 ** 
                 |  |                           
                 +--+----- Cristaria_radiata__3 ** 
                    |                           
                    |  +-- Cristaria_liboi **      
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Cristaria_radiata__1 **

Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4805], fig. 4

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 28 27 8 5 
        +----------- Cristaria_clessini **
        |                              
  +-----+  +-------- Cristaria_bellua **  
  |     |  |                           
  |     +--+     +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
  |        |  +--+                     
  |        |  |  +-- Cristaria_truncata **
  |        +--+                        
--+           |  +-- Cristaria_radiata ** 
  |           +--+                     
  |              +-- Cristaria_liboi **   
  |                                    
  |  +-------------- Beringiana        
  |  |                                 
  |  |        +----- Mimo              
  +--+  +-----+                        
     |  |     |  +-- Acudonta          
     |  |     +--+                     
     +--+        +-- Sinanodonta       
        |                              
        |  +-------- Pletholophus      
        +--+                           
           |  +----- Anemina           
           +--+                        
              |  +-- Amuranodonta      
              +--+                     
                 +-- Buldowskia

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 29 27 7 5 
                 +-- Cristaria_clessini **         
           +-----+                              
           |     +-- Cristaria_bellua **           
           |                                    
  +--------+     +-- Cristaria_plicata **          
  |        |  +--+                              
  |        |  |  +-- Cristaria_truncata **         
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Cristaria_radiata **          
  |           +--+                              
--+              +-- Cristaria_liboi **            
  |                                             
  |           +----- Beringiana                 
  |  +--------+                                 
  |  |        |  +-- Acudonta                   
  |  |        +--+                              
  |  |           +-- Sinanodonta                
  +--+                                          
     |        +----- Pletholophus_guangzhouensis
     |  +-----+                                 
     |  |     |  +-- Pletholophus_tenuis        
     |  |     +--+                              
     +--+        +-- Pletholophus_reinianus     
        |                                       
        |  +-------- Pletholophus_honglinhensis 
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Anemina                    
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Amuranodonta               
              +--+                              
                 +-- Buldowskia

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 51 8 5 8 
           +----- Anemina           
  +--------+                        
  |        |  +-- Amuranodonta      
  |        +--+                     
  |           +-- Buldowskia        
--+                                 
  |           +-- Beringiana        
  |  +--------+                     
  |  |        +-- Sinanodonta       
  +--+                              
     |  +-------- Cristaria_radiata ** 
     |  |                           
     +--+     +-- Cristaria_truncata **
        |  +--+                     
        |  |  +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
        +--+                        
           |  +-- Cristaria_bellua **  
           +--+                     
              +-- Cristaria_clessini **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 27 23 6 5 
           +----- Amuranodonta      
  +--------+                        
  |        |  +-- Anemina           
  |        +--+                     
  |           +-- Buldowskia        
--+                                 
  |        +----- Pletholophus      
  |  +-----+                        
  |  |     |  +-- Beringiana        
  |  |     +--+                     
  +--+        +-- Sinanodonta       
     |                              
     |  +-------- Cristaria_bellua **  
     +--+                           
        |  +----- Cristaria_clessini **
        +--+                        
           |  +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
           +--+                     
              +-- Cristaria_truncata **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 3 2 2 7 
           +-- Sinanodonta       
  +--------+                     
  |        +-- Pletholophus      
--+                              
  |  +-------- Cristaria_radiata ** 
  +--+                           
     |  +----- Cristaria_clessini **
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
        +--+                     
           +-- Cristaria_truncata **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 27 23 6 5 
           +----- Amuranodonta      
  +--------+                        
  |        |  +-- Anemina           
  |        +--+                     
  |           +-- Buldowskia        
--+                                 
  |        +----- Pletholophus      
  |  +-----+                        
  |  |     |  +-- Beringiana        
  |  |     +--+                     
  +--+        +-- Sinanodonta       
     |                              
     |  +-------- Cristaria_bellua **  
     +--+                           
        |  +----- Cristaria_clessini **
        +--+                        
           |  +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
           +--+                     
              +-- Cristaria_truncata **

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 24 23 7 5 
  +----------------- Pletholophus      
  |                                    
  |           +----- Beringiana        
--+  +--------+                        
  |  |        |  +-- Mimo              
  |  |        +--+                     
  |  |           +-- Sinanodonta       
  +--+                                 
     |        +----- Anemina           
     |  +-----+                        
     |  |     |  +-- Amuranodonta      
     |  |     +--+                     
     +--+        +-- Buldowskia        
        |                              
        |  +-------- Cristaria_bellua **  
        +--+                           
           |  +----- Cristaria_clessini **
           +--+                        
              |  +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
              +--+                     
                 +-- Cristaria_truncata **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 27 23 6 5 
     +-------- Cristaria_bellua **  
  +--+                           
  |  |  +----- Cristaria_clessini **
  |  +--+                        
  |     |  +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
  |     +--+                     
--+        +-- Cristaria_truncata **
  |                              
  |     +----- Amuranodonta      
  |  +--+                        
  |  |  |  +-- Anemina           
  |  |  +--+                     
  +--+     +-- Buldowskia        
     |                           
     |  +----- Pletholophus      
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Beringiana        
        +--+                     
           +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 14 12 7 6 
        +----- Cristaria_liboi **   
  +-----+                        
  |     |  +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
  |     +--+                     
  |        +-- Cristaria_truncata **
  |                              
--+     +----- Amuranodonta      
  |  +--+                        
  |  |  |  +-- Anemina           
  |  |  +--+                     
  |  |     +-- Buldowskia        
  +--+                           
     |     +-- Beringiana        
     |  +--+                     
     |  |  +-- Pletholophus      
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Acudonta          
        +--+                     
           +-- Sinanodonta

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 4 2 1 6 
  +-------- Sinanodonta       
--+                           
  |  +----- Cristaria_clessini **
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
     +--+                     
        +-- Cristaria_radiata **

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 62 12 7 6 
        +----- Cristaria_liboi **   
  +-----+                        
  |     |  +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
  |     +--+                     
  |        +-- Cristaria_truncata **
  |                              
--+     +----- Amuranodonta      
  |  +--+                        
  |  |  |  +-- Anemina           
  |  |  +--+                     
  |  |     +-- Buldowskia        
  +--+                           
     |     +-- Beringiana        
     |  +--+                     
     |  |  +-- Pletholophus      
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Acudonta          
        +--+                     
           +-- Sinanodonta

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 8 3 -- 
  +-------- Anemina          
  |                          
--+     +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  |  +--+                    
  |  |  +-- Cristaria_radiata **
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Beringiana       
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 17 0 2 123 4 2 22 
  +-- Alasmidonta          
  |                        
  +-- Anodonta_anatina     
  |                        
  +-- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                        
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana 
  |                        
  +-- Lasmigona            
  |                        
  +-- Pseudanodonta        
  |                        
  +-- Pyganodon            
  |                        
  +-- Simpsonaias          
  |                        
  +-- Strophitus           
--+                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta    
  |                        
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **    
  |                        
  +-- Cristaria_radiata **    
  |                        
  +-- Pletholophus         
  |                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida   
  |                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi  
  |                        
  +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola 
  |                        
  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1
  |                        
  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__2

Klishko et al., 2016 [Publ 3733], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 2 2 2 -- 
     +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Cristaria_radiata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Sinanodonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Beringiana

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 120 22 6 -- 
        +-- Cristaria_plicata ** 
  +-----+                     
  |     +-- Cristaria_clessini **
  |                           
  |  +----- Anemina           
  +--+                        
--+  |  +-- Amuranodonta      
  |  +--+                     
  |     +-- Buldowskia        
  |                           
  |  +----- Pletholophus      
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Beringiana        
     +--+                     
        +-- Sinanodonta

Klishko et al., 2014 [Publ 3666], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 2 2 2 -- 
     +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Cristaria_radiata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Beringiana       
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 137 4 2 -- 
     +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Cristaria_radiata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Pletholophus     
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 137 4 2 -- 
     +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Cristaria_radiata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Pletholophus     
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 20 2 2 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 22 0 3 33 9 5 36 
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__1  
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2  
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__1 **   
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__2 **   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta      
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_japonica    
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_beringiana  
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1  
--+                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2  
  |                             
  +----- Pletholophus           
  |                             
  +----- Anemina                
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata 
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__3 **   
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_angula     
  |                             
  +----- Lepidodesma            
  |                             
  |  +-- Aculamprotula          
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Acuticosta             
  |                             
  |  +-- Cuneopsis              
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Nodularia              
  |                             
  |  +-- Schistodesmus          
  +--+                          
     +-- Inversiunio

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 5 5 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 5 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Anemina          
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Beringiana       
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 79 4 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Anemina          
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Pletholophus     
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 68 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta      
--+                    
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 5 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Anemina          
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Beringiana       
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Pletholophus     
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 5 5 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta      
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Cristaria_plicata **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 67 10 5 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 38 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 5 2 -- 
  +-- Anemina          
  |                    
--+-- Cristaria_plicata **
  |                    
  +-- Sinanodonta

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 17 4 -- 
        +-- Beringiana       
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Sinanodonta      
--+                          
  |  +----- Pletholophus     
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
     +--+                    
        +-- Buldowskia

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 5 5 -- 
  +----------- Cristaria_plicata **
  |                             
--+        +-- Anemina          
  |  +-----+                    
  |  |     +-- Amuranodonta     
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Pletholophus     
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Sinanodonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Beringiana

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 5 5 -- 
  +----------- Cristaria_plicata **
  |                             
--+        +-- Anemina          
  |  +-----+                    
  |  |     +-- Amuranodonta     
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Pletholophus     
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Sinanodonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Beringiana

Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 5 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Anemina          
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Beringiana       
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 3 2 -- 
  +----- Anemina          
--+                       
  |  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 5 3 -- 
     +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Beringiana       
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta      
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Cristaria_plicata **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 3 2 -- 
  +----- Anemina          
--+                       
  |  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_radiata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                    
  +-- Sinanodonta

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta      
--+                    
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 3 2 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 41 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 5 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Anemina          
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Beringiana       
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Sinanodonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Anemina

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 67 10 5 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 7 2 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta      
--+                    
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **

Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 1 1 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 11 4 -- 
        +-- Beringiana       
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Sinanodonta      
--+                          
  |  +----- Pletholophus     
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
     +--+                    
        +-- Buldowskia

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 20 7 4 -- 
        +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Buldowskia       
--+                          
  |  +----- Pletholophus     
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Sinanodonta      
     +--+                    
        +-- Beringiana

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 1 1 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 1 1 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 4 2 -- 
  +-------------- Cristaria_plicata **       
  |                                       
  |  +----------- Sinanodonta_tumens      
  |  |                                    
  |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__5    
  |  |        |                           
--+  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__6    
  |  |        |                           
  |  |        +-- Beringiana_japonica__15 
  |  |        |                           
  |  |        +-- Beringiana_japonica__16 
  |  |  +-----+                           
  |  |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__17 
  +--+  |     |                           
     |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__18 
     |  |     |                           
     |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__19 
     |  |     |                           
     |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__20 
     |  |                                 
     |  |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__1  
     |  |  |                              
     |  |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__2  
     |  |  |                              
     +--+  +----- Beringiana_japonica__3  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__4  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__5  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__1    
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__6  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__2    
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_calipygos__1
        |  |                              
        +--+----- Beringiana_japonica__7  
           |                              
           +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__4    
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__8  
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__9  
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__10 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__11 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__12 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__13 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__14 
           |                              
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__3    
           +--+                           
              +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos__2

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Sinanodonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Anemina

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_truncata **
--+                        
  |  +-- Sinanodonta       
  +--+                     
     +-- Pletholophus

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 3 2 -- 
  +----- Anemina          
--+                       
  |  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 3 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Anemina          
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Beringiana       
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Pletholophus     
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 82 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Pletholophus     
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Sinanodonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Pletholophus

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 1 1 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta      
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Cristaria_plicata **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 8 5 -- 
     +----- Amuranodonta     
  +--+                       
  |  |  +-- Anemina          
  |  +--+                    
--+     +-- Buldowskia       
  |                          
  |  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Beringiana       
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 38 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 8 3 -- 
  +-------- Anemina          
--+                          
  |  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Pletholophus     
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 5 5 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 6 4 -- 
  +----------- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                             
  |  +-------- Anemina          
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Beringiana       
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Mimo             
        +--+                    
           +-- Sinanodonta

Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 31 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 5 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Anemina          
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Beringiana       
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                    
  +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 2 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                    
  +-- Sinanodonta

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 11 2 -- 
  +----- Pletholophus      
--+                        
  |  +-- Cristaria_truncata **
  +--+                     
     +-- Sinanodonta

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 5 5 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 87 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 2 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta      
--+                    
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                    
  +-- Sinanodonta

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                    
  +-- Sinanodonta

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 2 2 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta      
--+                    
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 198 8 3 -- 
  +-------- Anemina          
--+                          
  |  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Pletholophus     
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 8 3 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 8 4 -- 
        +-- Cristaria_plicata **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Buldowskia       
--+                          
  |  +----- Beringiana       
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Pletholophus     
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 7 2 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 85 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Anemina          
  +--+                    
     +-- Sinanodonta

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                    
  +-- Sinanodonta

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 5 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Anemina          
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Beringiana       
     +--+                    
        +-- Sinanodonta

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta      
--+                    
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 67 10 5 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **