Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae | Rectidentini | Contradentina

genus Lens Simpson, 1900: cladomics

13 Recent valid species (13 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 13 (13 total)
analyzed in 73 cladograms in 47 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 11 (mean = 2.89, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 35
maximum number of included terminals = 11, (mean = 4.94 median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.97

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Lens cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Lens cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.800 11 11 10 11 621 20 3 ** 
                             +-- Physunio_modelli   
  +--------------------------+                      
  |                          +-- Physunio_pellucidus
  |                                                 
--+                          +-- Physunio_massini   
  |  +-----------------------+                      
  |  |                       +-- Physunio_superbus  
  +--+                                              
     |  +----------------------- Physunio           
     |  |                                           
     +--+  +-------------------- Trapezoideus       
        |  |                                        
        |  |  +----------------- Yaukthwa           
        +--+  |                                     
           |  |              +-- Lens_inornatus **     
           |  |        +-----+                      
           |  |        |     +-- Lens_misellus **      
           +--+  +-----+                            
              |  |     |  +----- Lens_contradens **    
              |  |     +--+                         
              |  |        |  +-- Lens_micropterus **   
              |  |        +--+                      
              +--+           +-- Lens_lugens **        
                 |                                  
                 |        +----- Lens_pallegoixi **    
                 |  +-----+                         
                 |  |     |  +-- Lens_comptus **       
                 |  |     +--+                      
                 +--+        +-- Lens_novoselovi **    
                    |                               
                    |  +-------- Lens_maenamensis **   
                    +--+                            
                       |  +----- Lens_eximius__2 **    
                       +--+                         
                          |  +-- Lens_eximius__1 **    
                          +--+                      
                             +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 9

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 8 8 6 8 21 7 4 6.0 
                    +-- Trapezoideus    
  +-----------------+                   
  |                 +-- Physunio        
  |                                     
--+  +----------------- Yaukthwa        
  |  |                                  
  |  |  +-------------- Solenaia        
  +--+  |                               
     |  |     +-------- Lens_misellus **   
     |  |  +--+                         
     +--+  |  |  +----- Lens_inornatus **  
        |  |  +--+                      
        |  |     |  +-- Lens_contradens ** 
        |  |     +--+                   
        +--+        +-- Lens_micropterus **
           |                            
           |        +-- Lens_maenamensis **
           |     +--+                   
           |     |  +-- Lens_eximius **    
           +-----+                      
                 |  +-- Lens_pallegoixi ** 
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Lens_comptus **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 7A

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 11 11 9 11 1 1 1 3.0 
  +----------------- Solenaia        
  |                                  
  |           +----- Lens_contradens ** 
--+  +--------+                      
  |  |        |  +-- Lens_lugens **     
  |  |        +--+                   
  |  |           +-- Lens_micropterus **
  +--+                               
     |           +-- Lens_inornatus **  
     |  +--------+                   
     |  |        +-- Lens_misellus **   
     |  |                            
     +--+     +----- Lens_maenamensis **
        |  +--+                      
        |  |  |  +-- Lens_eximius **    
        |  |  +--+                   
        +--+     +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **
           |                         
           |  +----- Lens_pallegoixi ** 
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Lens_comptus **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Lens_novoselovi **

Zieritz et al., 2026 [Publ 4812], fig. 2a

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 11 11 9 11 1 1 1 3.0 
  +----------------- Solenaia        
  |                                  
  |              +-- Lens_inornatus **  
--+  +-----------+                   
  |  |           +-- Lens_misellus **   
  |  |                               
  |  |        +----- Lens_contradens ** 
  +--+  +-----+                      
     |  |     |  +-- Lens_lugens **     
     |  |     +--+                   
     |  |        +-- Lens_micropterus **
     +--+                            
        |     +----- Lens_pallegoixi ** 
        |  +--+                      
        |  |  |  +-- Lens_comptus **    
        |  |  +--+                   
        +--+     +-- Lens_novoselovi ** 
           |                         
           |  +----- Lens_maenamensis **
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **
              +--+                   
                 +-- Lens_eximius **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 12

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 10 10 7 10 1 1 1 3.0 
  +-------------- Solenaia        
  |                               
  |           +-- Lens_contradens ** 
  |  +--------+                   
--+  |        +-- Lens_micropterus **
  |  |                            
  |  |        +-- Lens_inornatus **  
  |  +--------+                   
  +--+        +-- Lens_misellus **   
     |                            
     |     +----- Lens_maenamensis **
     |  +--+                      
     |  |  |  +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **
     |  |  +--+                   
     +--+     +-- Lens_eximius **    
        |                         
        |  +----- Lens_pallegoixi ** 
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Lens_comptus **    
           +--+                   
              +-- Lens_novoselovi **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 4041], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 9 9 7 9 25 10 3 3.0 
  +----------------- Yaukthwa        
  |                                  
  |              +-- Trapezoideus    
--+  +-----------+                   
  |  |           +-- Physunio        
  |  |                               
  |  |        +----- Lens_misellus **   
  +--+  +-----+                      
     |  |     |  +-- Lens_contradens ** 
     |  |     +--+                   
     |  |        +-- Lens_micropterus **
     +--+                            
        |     +----- Lens_pallegoixi ** 
        |  +--+                      
        |  |  |  +-- Lens_novoselovi ** 
        |  |  +--+                   
        +--+     +-- Lens_comptus **    
           |                         
           |  +----- Lens_maenamensis **
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Lens_eximius **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 9 9 7 9 108 14 3 3.0 
                 +-- Trapezoideus    
  +--------------+                   
  |              +-- Physunio        
  |                                  
--+  +-------------- Yaukthwa        
  |  |                               
  |  |        +----- Lens_misellus **   
  +--+  +-----+                      
     |  |     |  +-- Lens_contradens ** 
     |  |     +--+                   
     |  |        +-- Lens_micropterus **
     +--+                            
        |     +----- Lens_pallegoixi ** 
        |  +--+                      
        |  |  |  +-- Lens_comptus **    
        |  |  +--+                   
        +--+     +-- Lens_novoselovi ** 
           |                         
           |  +----- Lens_maenamensis **
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Lens_eximius **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 9 9 7 9 102 14 3 3.0 
  +-------------------- Physunio        
  |                                     
--+  +----------------- Trapezoideus    
  |  |                                  
  +--+  +-------------- Yaukthwa        
     |  |                               
     |  |        +----- Lens_misellus **   
     +--+  +-----+                      
        |  |     |  +-- Lens_contradens ** 
        |  |     +--+                   
        |  |        +-- Lens_micropterus **
        +--+                            
           |     +----- Lens_maenamensis **
           |  +--+                      
           |  |  |  +-- Lens_eximius **    
           |  |  +--+                   
           +--+     +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **
              |                         
              |  +----- Lens_pallegoixi ** 
              +--+                      
                 |  +-- Lens_novoselovi ** 
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Lens_comptus **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 9 9 7 9 73 10 3 3.0 
                 +-- Physunio        
  +--------------+                   
  |              +-- Trapezoideus    
  |                                  
--+  +-------------- Yaukthwa        
  |  |                               
  |  |        +----- Lens_misellus **   
  +--+  +-----+                      
     |  |     |  +-- Lens_contradens ** 
     |  |     +--+                   
     |  |        +-- Lens_micropterus **
     +--+                            
        |     +----- Lens_pallegoixi ** 
        |  +--+                      
        |  |  |  +-- Lens_novoselovi ** 
        |  |  +--+                   
        +--+     +-- Lens_comptus **    
           |                         
           |  +----- Lens_maenamensis **
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Lens_eximius **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 7 7 5 7 44 9 3 7.0 
  +----------------------- Yaukthwa        
  |                                        
--+  +-------------------- Physunio        
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +----------------- Trapezoideus    
     |  |                                  
     +--+              +-- Lens_contradens ** 
        |  +-----------+                   
        |  |           +-- Lens_micropterus **
        +--+                               
           |  +----------- Lens_misellus **   
           +--+                            
              |  +-------- Lens_eximius **    
              +--+                         
                 |  +----- Lens_pallegoixi ** 
                 +--+                      
                    |  +-- Lens_comptus **    
                    +--+                   
                       +-- Lens_novoselovi **

Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 6 6 4 6 25 8 3 6.0 
  +-------------------- Physunio       
  |                                    
--+  +----------------- Yaukthwa       
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-------------- Trapezoideus   
     |  |                              
     +--+           +-- Lens_contradens **
        |  +--------+                  
        |  |        +-- Lens_misellus **  
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Lens_eximius **   
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Lens_pallegoixi **
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Lens_comptus **   
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Lens_novoselovi **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 5 5 3 5 134 7 2 7.0 
  +-------------- Physunio        
  |                               
--+  +----------- Yaukthwa        
  |  |                            
  +--+        +-- Lens_contradens ** 
     |  +-----+                   
     |  |     +-- Lens_micropterus **
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Lens_eximius **    
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Lens_comptus **    
           +--+                   
              +-- Lens_novoselovi **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 5 5 3 5 120 7 2 7.0 
  +-------------- Physunio        
  |                               
--+  +----------- Yaukthwa        
  |  |                            
  +--+        +-- Lens_contradens ** 
     |  +-----+                   
     |  |     +-- Lens_micropterus **
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Lens_eximius **    
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Lens_comptus **    
           +--+                   
              +-- Lens_novoselovi **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.250 5 10 0 5 77 5 2 15.0 
     +-- Ensidens_telus       
     |                        
     +-- Ensidens_ingallsianus
     |                        
     +-- Ensidens_jaculus     
     |                        
     +-- Hyriopsis_desowitzi  
  +--+                        
  |  +-- Hyriopsis_myersiana  
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Hyriopsis_khoratensis
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Ensidens_spiculus    
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Ensidens_sagittarius 
  |                           
--+  +-- Lens_eximius **         
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Physunio_modelli__1  
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni   
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Yaukthwa_panhai      
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Lens_comptus **         
  |  |                        
  +--+-- Lens_novoselovi **      
     |                        
     +-- Physunio_modelli__2  
     |                        
     +-- Physunio             
     |                        
     +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis  
     |                        
     +-- Lens_contradens **      
     |                        
     +-- Lens_micropterus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 5 5 3 5 196 7 2 7.0 
  +-------------- Physunio        
  |                               
--+  +----------- Yaukthwa        
  |  |                            
  +--+        +-- Lens_contradens ** 
     |  +-----+                   
     |  |     +-- Lens_micropterus **
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Lens_eximius **    
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Lens_comptus **    
           +--+                   
              +-- Lens_novoselovi **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 5 5 3 5 194 7 2 7.0 
  +-------------- Physunio        
  |                               
--+  +----------- Yaukthwa        
  |  |                            
  +--+        +-- Lens_contradens ** 
     |  +-----+                   
     |  |     +-- Lens_micropterus **
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Lens_eximius **    
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Lens_novoselovi ** 
           +--+                   
              +-- Lens_comptus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.750 5 5 3 5 196 7 2 9.0 
  +----------- Physunio_modelli 
  |                             
  +----------- Physunio         
  |                             
  +----------- Physunio_superbus
--+                             
  +----------- Yaukthwa         
  |                             
  |        +-- Lens_comptus **     
  |  +-----+                    
  |  |     +-- Lens_novoselovi **  
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Lens_eximius **     
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Lens_contradens **  
        +--+                    
           +-- Lens_micropterus **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4212], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 4 4 2 4 17 6 3 8.0 
              +-- Trapezoideus    
  +-----------+                   
  |           +-- Physunio        
--+                               
  |  +----------- Yaukthwa        
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Lens_contradens ** 
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Lens_novoselovi ** 
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **
           +--+                   
              +-- Lens_maenamensis **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 4 4 2 4 135 7 2 8.0 
           +-- Physunio       
  +--------+                  
  |        +-- Yaukthwa       
--+                           
  |  +-------- Lens_contradens **
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lens_eximius **   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Lens_comptus **   
        +--+                  
           +-- Lens_novoselovi **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 4 4 9 4 5 2 1 14.0 
  +----------------------- Physunio           
  |                                           
  |                    +-- Lens_maenamensis **   
--+  +-----------------+                      
  |  |                 +-- Lens_rolfbrandti **   
  |  |                                        
  |  |  +----------------- Lens_contradens__12 **
  +--+  |                                     
     |  |           +----- Lens_micropterus__3 **
     |  |           |                         
     |  +-----------+  +-- Lens_contradens__10 **
     |  |           |  |                      
     +--+           +--+-- Lens_micropterus__2 **
        |              |                      
        |              +-- Lens_contradens__11 **
        |                                     
        |  +-------------- Lens_contradens__9 ** 
        |  |                                  
        +--+  +----------- Lens_contradens__8 ** 
           |  |                               
           +--+  +-------- Lens_contradens__7 ** 
              |  |                            
              +--+  +----- Lens_contradens__6 ** 
                 |  |                         
                 |  |  +-- Lens_contradens__1 ** 
                 +--+  |                      
                    |  +-- Lens_contradens__2 ** 
                    |  |                      
                    |  +-- Lens_contradens__3 ** 
                    +--+                      
                       +-- Lens_contradens__4 ** 
                       |                      
                       +-- Lens_micropterus__1 **
                       |                      
                       +-- Lens_contradens__5 **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 3 3 1 3 42 5 3 9.0 
           +-- Physunio       
  +--------+                  
  |        +-- Trapezoideus   
--+                           
  |  +-------- Yaukthwa       
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lens_eximius **   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Lens_contradens **
        +--+                  
           +-- Lens_lugens **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 5 3 -- 
  +----------- Physunio       
--+                           
  |  +-------- Trapezoideus   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Yaukthwa       
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Lens_contradens **
        +--+                  
           +-- Lens_eximius **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 34 5 3 -- 
        +-- Physunio       
  +-----+                  
  |     +-- Trapezoideus   
--+                        
  |  +----- Yaukthwa       
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lens_contradens **
     +--+                  
        +-- Lens_eximius **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.800 2 2 0 2 34 5 3 -- 
  +-------------- Yaukthwa_elongatula
  |                                  
--+  +----------- Trapezoideus       
  |  |                               
  +--+        +-- Physunio           
     |  +-----+                      
     |  |     +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_paiensis  
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Lens_contradens **    
           +--+                      
              +-- Lens_eximius **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.800 2 2 0 2 34 5 3 -- 
  +----- Physunio           
  |                         
  +----- Yaukthwa_paiensis  
  |                         
  +----- Yaukthwa_inlenensis
--+                         
  +----- Trapezoideus       
  |                         
  +----- Yaukthwa_elongatula
  |                         
  |  +-- Lens_contradens **    
  +--+                      
     +-- Lens_eximius **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 34 5 3 -- 
        +-- Physunio       
  +-----+                  
  |     +-- Trapezoideus   
--+                        
  |  +----- Yaukthwa       
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lens_contradens **
     +--+                  
        +-- Lens_eximius **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 34 5 3 -- 
        +-- Physunio       
  +-----+                  
  |     +-- Trapezoideus   
--+                        
  |  +----- Yaukthwa       
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lens_contradens **
     +--+                  
        +-- Lens_eximius **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 34 5 3 -- 
        +-- Physunio       
  +-----+                  
  |     +-- Trapezoideus   
--+                        
  |  +----- Yaukthwa       
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lens_contradens **
     +--+                  
        +-- Lens_eximius **

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 5 2 2 -- 
  +----- Physunio       
  |                     
--+----- Trapezoideus   
  |                     
  |  +-- Lens_comptus **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lens_contradens **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 79 2 1 -- 
  +----- Physunio       
--+                     
  |  +-- Lens_contradens **
  +--+                  
     +-- Lens_comptus **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 43 1 1 -- 
  +----- Physunio       
--+                     
  |  +-- Lens_contradens **
  +--+                  
     +-- Lens_comptus **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 43 1 1 -- 
  +----- Physunio       
--+                     
  |  +-- Lens_contradens **
  +--+                  
     +-- Lens_comptus **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 44 1 1 -- 
  +----- Physunio       
--+                     
  |  +-- Lens_comptus **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lens_contradens **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 45 1 1 -- 
  +----- Physunio       
--+                     
  |  +-- Lens_comptus **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lens_contradens **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 46 1 1 -- 
  +----- Physunio       
--+                     
  |  +-- Lens_comptus **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lens_contradens **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 56 4 4 -- 
        +-- Trapezoideus   
  +-----+                  
  |     +-- Physunio       
--+                        
  |  +----- Yaukthwa       
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lens_contradens **
     +--+                  
        +-- Solenaia

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 56 4 4 -- 
        +-- Trapezoideus   
  +-----+                  
  |     +-- Physunio       
--+                        
  |  +----- Yaukthwa       
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lens_contradens **
     +--+                  
        +-- Solenaia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.750 1 1 0 1 121 2 2 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
  |                  
  +-- Ensidens       
  |                  
--+-- Physunio       
  |                  
  +-- Rectidens      
  |                  
  +-- Yaukthwa

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 33 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lens_contradens **
--+                     
  |  +-- Trapezoideus   
  +--+                  
     +-- Physunio

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 34 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lens_contradens **
--+                     
  |  +-- Trapezoideus   
  +--+                  
     +-- Physunio

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 90 3 2 -- 
  +----- Physunio    
--+                  
  |  +-- Lens_eximius **
  +--+               
     +-- Yaukthwa

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 90 3 2 -- 
  +----- Physunio    
--+                  
  |  +-- Lens_eximius **
  +--+               
     +-- Yaukthwa

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 75 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lens_contradens **
--+                     
  |  +-- Trapezoideus   
  +--+                  
     +-- Physunio

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 75 2 2 -- 
  +----- Lens_contradens **
--+                     
  |  +-- Trapezoideus   
  +--+                  
     +-- Physunio

Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 58 2 2 -- 
  +----- Physunio       
--+                     
  |  +-- Lens_contradens **
  +--+                  
     +-- Trapezoideus

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 39 2 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_micropterus **
--+                   
  +-- Physunio

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 30 2 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_micropterus **
--+                   
  +-- Physunio

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 47 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 94 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 94 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 90 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 90 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Physunio       
--+                  
  +-- Lens_contradens **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Physunio       
--+                  
  +-- Lens_contradens **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 26 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 86 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 84 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 35 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 35 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 139 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 46 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 94 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Physunio

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 17 0 0 -- 
  +-------------- Lens_contradens **
  |                              
  |        +----- Unio           
--+  +-----+                     
  |  |     |  +-- Alasmidonta    
  |  |     +--+                  
  +--+        +-- Pyganodon      
     |                           
     |  +-------- Gonidea        
     |  |                        
     +--+     +-- Lampsilis      
        |  +--+                  
        |  |  +-- Obliquaria     
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Eurynia        
           +--+                  
              +-- Amblema

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 46 0 0 -- 
  +----------------------------- Coelatura      
  |                                             
  +----------------------------- Lens_contradens **
  |                                             
  |                 +----------- Unio           
  +-----------------+                           
  |                 |  +-------- Lasmigona      
  |                 +--+                        
--+                    |  +----- Alasmidonta    
  |                    +--+                     
  |                       |  +-- Pyganodon      
  |                       +--+                  
  |                          +-- Strophitus     
  |                                             
  |  +-------------------------- Gonidea        
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------------------- Quadrula       
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +-------------------- Amblema        
        |  |                                    
        |  |              +----- Eurynia        
        +--+  +-----------+                     
           |  |           |  +-- Fusconaia      
           |  |           +--+                  
           |  |              +-- Pleurobema     
           +--+                                 
              |  +-------------- Obliquaria     
              |  |                              
              |  +-------------- Truncilla      
              +--+                              
                 +-------------- Ptychobranchus 
                 |                              
                 |  +----------- Ligumia        
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-------- Cambarunio     
                    +--+                        
                       |  +----- Epioblasma     
                       +--+                     
                          |  +-- Lampsilis      
                          +--+                  
                             +-- Ortmanniana

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 46 0 0 -- 
  +-------------------------- Lens_contradens **
  |                                          
  |                    +----- Gonidea        
  |  +-----------------+                     
--+  |                 |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha 
  |  |                 +--+                  
  |  |                    +-- Pseudodon      
  |  |                                       
  |  |           +----------- Amblema        
  +--+           |                           
     |  +--------+        +-- Obliquaria     
     |  |        |  +-----+                  
     |  |        |  |     +-- Quadrula       
     |  |        +--+                        
     |  |           |  +----- Eurynia        
     +--+           +--+                     
        |              |  +-- Pleurobema     
        |              +--+                  
        |                 +-- Fusconaia      
        |                                    
        |  +----------------- Ptychobranchus 
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------------- Truncilla      
           +--+                              
              |  +----------- Ortmanniana    
              +--+                           
                 |  +-------- Lampsilis      
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Cambarunio     
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Ligumia        
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Epioblasma

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 45 0 0 -- 
  +----------------------------- Lens_contradens **
  |                                             
  |                 +----------- Unio           
  |  +--------------+                           
--+  |              |  +-------- Lasmigona      
  |  |              +--+                        
  |  |                 |  +----- Alasmidonta    
  |  |                 +--+                     
  |  |                    |  +-- Strophitus     
  +--+                    +--+                  
     |                       +-- Pyganodon      
     |                                          
     |  +----------------------- Gonidea        
     |  |                                       
     |  |                    +-- Obliquaria     
     |  |                 +--+                  
     +--+                 |  +-- Quadrula       
        |  +--------------+                     
        |  |              |  +-- Eurynia        
        |  |              |  |                  
        |  |              +--+-- Pleurobema     
        +--+                 |                  
           |                 +-- Fusconaia      
           |                                    
           |  +----------------- Ptychobranchus 
           +--+                                 
              |  +-------------- Truncilla      
              +--+                              
                 |  +----------- Ortmanniana    
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-------- Lampsilis      
                    +--+                        
                       |  +----- Cambarunio     
                       +--+                     
                          |  +-- Ligumia        
                          +--+                  
                             +-- Epioblasma

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 45 0 0 -- 
  +-------------------- Lens_contradens **
  |                                    
  |        +----------- Unio           
  |  +-----+                           
--+  |     |  +-------- Lasmigona      
  |  |     +--+                        
  |  |        |  +----- Alasmidonta    
  |  |        +--+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Strophitus     
  +--+           +--+                  
     |              +-- Pyganodon      
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Gonidea        
     |  |                              
     |  |           +-- Obliquaria     
     +--+  +--------+                  
        |  |        +-- Quadrula       
        |  |                           
        |  |  +-------- Amblema        
        +--+  |                        
           |  |  +----- Eurynia        
           |  +--+                     
           |  |  |  +-- Pleurobema     
           +--+  +--+                  
              |     +-- Fusconaia      
              |                        
              |  +----- Truncilla      
              |  |                     
              |  +----- Ptychobranchus 
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Ortmanniana    
                 |  |                  
                 |  +-- Cambarunio     
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Ligumia        
                    |                  
                    +-- Epioblasma

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 35 0 0 -- 
  +-- Pseudodon      
--+                  
  +-- Lens_contradens **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 35 0 0 -- 
  +----------------------- Lens_contradens **
  |                                       
--+  +-------------------- Pseudodon      
  |  |                                    
  |  |              +----- Unio           
  +--+  +-----------+                     
     |  |           |  +-- Pyganodon      
     |  |           +--+                  
     +--+              +-- Lasmigona      
        |                                 
        |  +-------------- Gonidea        
        |  |                              
        +--+           +-- Pronodularia   
           |  +--------+                  
           |  |        +-- Potomida       
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Quadrula       
              |  |                        
              +--+-------- Pleurobema     
                 |                        
                 |  +----- Amblema        
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Lampsilis      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Truncilla

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
  +-- Lens_contradens **
--+                  
  +-- Lamprotula