Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae | Gonideini

genus Ptychorhynchus Simpson, 1900: cladomics

4 Recent valid species (4 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 4 (4 total)
analyzed in 62 cladograms in 35 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 1 (mean = 1, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 0
maximum number of included terminals = , (mean = median = )
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0


Cladograms

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 629 20 12 --
  +----------------- Parvasolenaia          
  |                                         
--+  +-------------- Pseudopostolata        
  |  |                                      
  +--+  +----------- Koreosolenaia          
     |  |                                   
     +--+        +-- Cosmopseudodon         
        |  +-----+                          
        |  |     +-- Guiunio                
        +--+                                
           |  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
           +--+                             
              |  +-- Obovalis               
              +--+                          
                 +-- Postolata              

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 5 4 --
        +-- Microcondylaea         
  +-----+                          
  |     +-- Sinosolenaia           
--+                                
  |  +----- Parvasolenaia          
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Postolata              
     +--+                          
        +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 94 12 7 --
  +-------------------- Inversidens            
--+                                            
  |  +----------------- Sinosolenaia           
  +--+                                         
     |  +-------------- Parvasolenaia          
     +--+                                      
        |  +----------- Pseudopostolata        
        +--+                                   
           |  +-------- Koreosolenaia          
           +--+                                
              |  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
              +--+                             
                 |  +-- Cosmopseudodon         
                 +--+                          
                    +-- Postolata              

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 26 10 7 --
  +----------------- Inversidens            
  |                                         
--+              +-- Microcondylaea         
  |  +-----------+                          
  |  |           +-- Sinosolenaia           
  +--+                                      
     |  +----------- Parvasolenaia          
     +--+                                   
        |  +-------- Koreosolenaia          
        +--+                                
           |  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
           +--+                             
              |  +-- Cosmopseudodon         
              +--+                          
                 +-- Postolata              

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 2 1 --
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                          
  +-- Sinosolenaia           

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 2 1 --
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                          
  +-- Sinosolenaia           

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 8 7 --
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                      
--+  +----------- Gonidea                
  |  |                                   
  +--+----------- Microcondylaea         
     |                                   
     |  +-------- Koreosolenaia          
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Parvasolenaia          
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Postolata              
           +--+                          
              +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 72 4 3 --
     +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
--+                             
  |  +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 67 4 3 --
     +-- Parvasolenaia          
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                             
  |  +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 6 2 --
  +----- Parvasolenaia          
--+                             
  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 8 7 --
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                      
--+           +-- Gonidea                
  |  +--------+                          
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                                   
     |  +-------- Koreosolenaia          
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Parvasolenaia          
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Postolata              
           +--+                          
              +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 --
-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 8 7 --
  +----------------- Inversidens            
  |                                         
--+  +-------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |  |                                      
  +--+           +-- Gonidea                
     |  +--------+                          
     |  |        +-- Microcondylaea         
     +--+                                   
        |  +-------- Koreosolenaia          
        +--+                                
           |  +----- Parvasolenaia          
           +--+                             
              |  +-- Postolata              
              +--+                          
                 +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 13 9 --
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                      
  |        +----- Gonidea                
--+  +-----+                             
  |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia             
  |  |     +--+                          
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                                   
     |        +-- Koreosolenaia          
     |  +-----+                          
     |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia          
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Postolata              
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
           +--+                          
              +-- Obovalis               

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 4 3 --
  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata  
  |                                
--+  +----- Gonidea                
  |  |                             
  +--+----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora  
     |                             
     |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
     +--+                          
        +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 8 8 --
  +-------------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                            
--+                 +-- Gonidea                
  |  +--------------+                          
  |  |              +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                                         
     |  +-------------- Koreosolenaia          
     +--+                                      
        |  +----------- Parvasolenaia          
        +--+                                   
           |  +-------- Postolata              
           +--+                                
              |  +----- Cosmopseudodon         
              +--+                             
                 |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
                 +--+                          
                    +-- Obovalis               

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 3 3 --
     +-- Cosmopseudodon         
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                             
  |  +-- Postolata              
  +--+                          
     +-- Obovalis               

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 3 2 --
  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                             
  |  +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 72 4 3 --
     +-- Parvasolenaia          
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                             
  |  +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 2 1 --
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                          
  +-- Sinosolenaia           

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 121 11 8 --
     +-------- Sinosolenaia           
  +--+                                
  |  |  +----- Gonidea                
  |  +--+                             
  |     |  +-- Leguminaia             
--+     +--+                          
  |        +-- Microcondylaea         
  |                                   
  |  +-------- Inversidens            
  |  |                                
  +--+     +-- Obovalis               
     |  +--+                          
     |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
        +--+                          
           +-- Koreosolenaia          

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 2 1 --
  +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora  
--+                             
  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata  

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 86 6 5 --
  +----------- Inversidens            
  |                                   
--+        +-- Microcondylaea         
  |  +-----+                          
  |  |     +-- Sinosolenaia           
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Parvasolenaia          
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Postolata              
        +--+                          
           +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 3 3 --
  +-------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                
--+  +----- Inversidens            
  |  |                             
  +--+  +-- Obovalis_omiensis__1   
     |  |                          
     +--+-- Obovalis_omiensis__2   
        |                          
        +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 3 2 --
  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                             
  |  +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 7 6 --
        +----- Gonidea                
  +-----+                             
  |     |  +-- Leguminaia             
  |     +--+                          
--+        +-- Microcondylaea         
  |                                   
  |  +-------- Inversidens            
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Sinosolenaia           
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
        +--+                          
           +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 9 6 --
  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata  
  |                                
  |  +----- Gonidea                
  +--+                             
  |  |  +-- Leguminaia             
  |  +--+                          
  |     +-- Microcondylaea         
--+                                
  |  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--+                             
  |  |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
  |  +--+                          
  |     +-- Koreosolenaia          
  |                                
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita 
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea  
     +--+                          
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora  

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 94 5 3 --
  +-------- Microcondylaea         
--+                                
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia           
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
     +--+                          
        +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 198 8 6 --
  +----------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                   
  |     +----- Gonidea                
--+  +--+                             
  |  |  |  +-- Leguminaia             
  |  |  +--+                          
  +--+     +-- Microcondylaea         
     |                                
     |  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
        +--+                          
           +-- Koreosolenaia          

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 5 5 --
  +----------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                   
--+        +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  |  +-----+                          
  |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia          
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Gonidea                
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Microcondylaea         
        +--+                          
           +-- Leguminaia             

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 6 2 --
  +----- Parvasolenaia_rivularis   
--+                                
  |  +-- Parvasolenaia_triangularis
  +--+                             
     +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **   

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 3 2 --
  +----- Sinosolenaia           
--+                             
  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--+                          
     +-- Parvasolenaia          

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 3 2 --
  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                             
  |  +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 14 10 --
  +-------------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                            
  |              +----- Gonidea                
--+  +-----------+                             
  |  |           |  +-- Leguminaia             
  |  |           +--+                          
  +--+              +-- Microcondylaea         
     |                                         
     |  +-------------- Pseudopostolata        
     |  |                                      
     +--+           +-- Parvasolenaia          
        |  +--------+                          
        |  |        +-- Koreosolenaia          
        +--+                                   
           |  +-------- Postolata              
           +--+                                
              |  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
              +--+                             
                 |  +-- Cosmopseudodon         
                 +--+                          
                    +-- Obovalis               

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 15 11 --
  +-------------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                            
  |              +----- Gonidea                
--+  +-----------+                             
  |  |           |  +-- Leguminaia             
  |  |           +--+                          
  +--+              +-- Microcondylaea         
     |                                         
     |  +-------------- Pseudopostolata        
     |  |                                      
     +--+           +-- Koreosolenaia          
        |  +--------+                          
        |  |        +-- Parvasolenaia          
        +--+                                   
           |  +-------- Postolata              
           |  |                                
           +--+     +-- Guiunio                
              |  +--+                          
              |  |  +-- Cosmopseudodon         
              +--+                             
                 |  +-- Obovalis               
                 +--+                          
                    +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 68 2 2 --
  +----- Inversidens            
--+                             
  |  +-- Obovalis               
  +--+                          
     +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 116 8 5 --
-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 7 6 --
           +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--------+                          
  |        +-- Parvasolenaia          
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Inversidens            
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Gonidea                
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Microcondylaea         
        +--+                          
           +-- Leguminaia             

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 6 4 --
  +-------- Inversidens            
  |                                
--+     +-- Parvasolenaia          
  |  +--+                          
  |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Microcondylaea         
     +--+                          
        +-- Sinosolenaia           

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 94 5 3 --
     +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Microcondylaea         
--+                             
  |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 139 10 7 --
  +-------------------- Inversidens            
--+                                            
  |  +----------------- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                                         
     |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia           
     +--+                                      
        |  +----------- Koreosolenaia          
        +--+                                   
           |  +-------- Parvasolenaia          
           +--+                                
              |  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
              +--+                             
                 |  +-- Cosmopseudodon         
                 +--+                          
                    +-- Postolata              

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 13 9 --
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                      
  |        +----- Gonidea                
--+  +-----+                             
  |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia             
  |  |     +--+                          
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                                   
     |        +-- Koreosolenaia          
     |  +-----+                          
     |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia          
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Postolata              
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
           +--+                          
              +-- Obovalis               

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 2 1 --
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                          
  +-- Sinosolenaia           

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 72 4 3 --
     +-- Parvasolenaia          
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                             
  |  +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 84 4 3 --
     +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
--+                             
  |  +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                          
     +-- Sinosolenaia           

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 16 12 --
  +----------------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                               
  |                 +----- Gonidea                
--+  +--------------+                             
  |  |              |  +-- Leguminaia             
  |  |              +--+                          
  +--+                 +-- Microcondylaea         
     |                                            
     |  +----------------- Pseudopostolata        
     |  |                                         
     +--+              +-- Koreosolenaia          
        |  +-----------+                          
        |  |           +-- Parvasolenaia          
        +--+                                      
           |  +----------- Postolata              
           |  |                                   
           +--+        +-- Guiunio                
              |  +-----+                          
              |  |     +-- Cosmopseudodon         
              +--+                                
                 |  +----- Obovalis               
                 +--+                             
                    |  +-- Tenuiunio              
                    +--+                          
                       +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 7 6 --
        +----- Sinosolenaia           
  +-----+                             
  |     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  |     +--+                          
--+        +-- Parvasolenaia          
  |                                   
  |  +-------- Inversidens            
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Gonidea                
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Microcondylaea         
        +--+                          
           +-- Leguminaia             

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 8 7 --
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                      
  |           +-- Gonidea                
--+  +--------+                          
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea         
  |  |                                   
  +--+        +-- Koreosolenaia          
     |  +-----+                          
     |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia          
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Postolata              
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Obovalis               
           +--+                          
              +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 3 3 --
  +-------- Microcondylaea         
--+                                
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia           
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
     +--+                          
        +-- Parvasolenaia          

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 9 6 --
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata  
  |                                      
  |        +----- Inversidens            
--+  +-----+                             
  |  |     |  +-- Gonidea                
  |  |     +--+                          
  +--+        +-- Leguminaia             
     |                                   
     |  +-------- Sinosolenaia_oleivora  
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Postolata              
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Obovalis               
           +--+                          
              +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 8 7 --
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                      
--+           +-- Gonidea                
  |  +--------+                          
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--+                                   
     |  +-------- Parvasolenaia          
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Koreosolenaia          
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Postolata              
           +--+                          
              +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 --
-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 68 2 2 --
  +-- Obovalis               
--+                          
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 110 8 5 --
  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea    
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata    
  |                            
  +-- Leguminaia               
  |                            
  +-- Microcondylaea           
--+                            
  +-- Gonidea                  
  |                            
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **  
  |                            
  +-- Parvasolenaia            
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora    

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 3 2 --
  +----- Sinosolenaia           
--+                             
  |  +-- Parvasolenaia          
  +--+                          
     +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 9 6 --
  +----------- Sinosolenaia           
  |                                   
  |     +----- Gonidea                
--+  +--+                             
  |  |  |  +-- Leguminaia             
  |  |  +--+                          
  +--+     +-- Microcondylaea         
     |                                
     |     +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
     |     |                          
     +-----+-- Parvasolenaia          
           |                          
           +-- Koreosolenaia          

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 6 4 --
  +-------- Inversidens            
  |                                
--+     +-- Parvasolenaia          
  |  +--+                          
  |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Microcondylaea         
     +--+                          
        +-- Sinosolenaia           

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 7 5 --
           +-- Microcondylaea         
  +--------+                          
  |        +-- Sinosolenaia           
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Parvasolenaia          
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Cosmopseudodon         
        +--+                          
           +-- Postolata              

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 2 1 --
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                          
  +-- Sinosolenaia           

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 68 2 2 --
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                          
  +-- Obovalis               

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 3 3 --
  +-- Obovalis               
--+                          
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 2 1 --
  +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri **
--+                          
  +-- Sinosolenaia