species Pleurobema oviforme (Conrad, 1834): synonymy

Unio oviformis Conrad, 1834

Conrad, 1834. New Fresh-Water Shells: 46, pl. 3, fig. 6.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 254.

Pleurobema (s.s.) oviformis — Simpson (1900), Frierson (1927)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) oviforme — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925), Haas (1969), Burch (1975), ... Dai et al. (2025), Chen et al. (2025), FMCS (2025), Schilling et al. (2025), Campbell & Lydeard (2026)
Pleurobema oviformis — R.I. Johnson (1980), Lopes-Lima et al. (2019)

Unio ravenelianus Lea, 1834

(renamed Unio rudis Conrad, 1837)
Lea, 1834. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5 [O. 1]: 32 [144], pl. 3, fig. 5.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84783, French Broad R., near Ashville, N. Carolina.

Pleurobema (s.s.) raveneliana — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. argenteum) ravenelianum — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme — Ortmann (1918), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) raveneliana — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)

Unio rudis Conrad, 1837

(new name for Unio ravenelianus Lea, 1834)
Conrad, 1837. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(8): 76, pl. 43, fig. 1.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 257.

Pleurobema (s.s.) rubella — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. nux) rubellum — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) rubellum — Frierson (1927)
Pleurobema rubellum — Haas (1969), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio holstonensis Lea, 1840

Lea, 1840. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 288.
Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 212 [50], pl. 15, fig. 27.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84641, Holston R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) holstonensis — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) holstonense — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme holstonense — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Pleurobema (s.s.) oviformis — Frierson (1927)
Pleurobema oviforme — Haas (1969), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)
Pleurobema oviformis — R.I. Johnson (1980)

Unio argenteus Lea, 1841

Lea, 1841. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 2: 82.
Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 242 [80], pl. 25, fig. 57.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84778, Holston R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) argentea — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. argenteum) argenteum — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme argenteum — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) argentea — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Schilling et al. (2025)
Pleurobema oviformis — R.I. Johnson (1980)

Unio mundus Lea, 1857

Lea, 1857. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 9: 83.
Lea, 1866. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 40 [44], pl. 14, fig. 38.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84767, Tuscumbia, Ala.

Pleurobema (s.s.) holstonensis — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) holstonense — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme holstonense — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) munda — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio lesleyi Lea, 1860

Lea, 1860. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 12: 306.
Lea, 1860. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 8]: 352, pl. 58, fig. 177.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84759, Kentucky.

Pleurobema (s.s.) lesleyi — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) lesleyi — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) argentea — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)

Unio tesserulae Lea, 1861

Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 392 [as ‘tesserulæ’].
Lea, 1866. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 40 [44], pl. 15, fig. 39 [as ‘tesserulæ’].
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84426, Nolachucky R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) tesserulæ — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) tesserulæ — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme holstonense — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tesserulae — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio striatissimus J.G. Anthony, 1865

J.G. Anthony, 1865. Amer. J. Conch. 1(2): 156, pl. 12, fig. 1.

Pleurobema (s.s.) estabrookiana — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. argenteum) estabrookianum — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme argenteum — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) striatissima — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008)

Unio clinchensis Lea, 1867

Lea, 1867. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 19: 81.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 278 [38], pl. 37, fig. 91.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84596, Clinch R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) cuneolus — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) clinchense — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) cuneola — Frierson (1927)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) cuneolus — Haas (1969)
Fusconaia cuneolus — Burch (1975)

Unio planior Lea, 1868

Lea, 1868. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 20: 145.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 316 [76], pl. 50, fig. 129.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84391, Tennessee.

Pleurobema (s.s.) planior — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. argenteum) planius — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme argenteum — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) striatissima — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio acuens Lea, 1871

Lea, 1871. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 190.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 27 [31], pl. 8, fig. 24.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84599, Holston R., near Concord, E. Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) acuens — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) acuens — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme holstonense — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tesserulae — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio lawii Lea, 1871

Lea, 1871. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 189.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 8 [12], pl. 2, fig. 4.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84757, Holston R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) holstonensis — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) holstonense — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme holstonense — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) munda — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio pattinoides Lea, 1871

Lea, 1871. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 193.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 16 [20], pl. 4, fig. 12.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84763, Holston R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) holstonensis — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) holstonense — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme holstonense — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) munda — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio bellulus Lea, 1872

Lea, 1872. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 24: 161.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 50 [54], pl. 17, fig. 48.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84772, Mussel Shoals, Tenn R., Alabama.

Pleurobema (s.s.) holstonensis — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. clava) holstonense — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme holstonense — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) munda — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio brevis Lea, 1872

Lea, 1872. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 24: 157.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 35 [39], pl. 12, fig. 32.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84546, Conasauga R., E. Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) brevis — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. argenteum) breve — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme argenteum — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) striatissima — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio conasaugaensis Lea, 1872

Lea, 1872. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 24: 155.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 33 [37], pl. 10, fig. 30.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_85565, Conasauga Cr., Monroe Co., E. Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) conasaugænsis — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. argenteum) conasaugænse — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme — Ortmann (1918), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) striatissima — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)

Unio swordianus S.H. Wright, 1897

S.H. Wright, 1897. Nautilus 11: 4.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_149654, Br. of Clinch River, Va.

Pleurobema (s.s.) swordiana — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema swordiana — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. swordianum) swordianum — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme argenteum — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) striatissima — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio patulus Conrad, 1838

(misidentified reference to Unio patulus Lea, 1829)
‘Lea’ Conrad, 1838. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(10): 92, pl. 50, fig. 2.

Pleurobema (s.s.) clava — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema oviforme — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924)
Pleurobema (s.s.) oviformis — Frierson (1927)

Unio decisus Küster, 1852

(misidentified reference to Unio decisus Lea, 1831)
‘Lea’ Küster, 1852. Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 41, pl. 8, fig. 1. [in part]

Pleurobema (s.s.) raveneliana — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (Group of P. argenteum) ravenelianum — Simpson (1914)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) argentea — Frierson (1927)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998)

Unio clavus Call, 1885

(misidentified reference to Unio clava Lamarck, 1819)
‘Lamarck’ Call, 1885. unknown publication: ??.

Pleurobema oviforme — Ortmann (1924)

Unio conasangœnsis B.H. Wright, 1888

(error for Unio conasaugaensis Lea, 1872)
‘Lea’ B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [2].

Unio accuens Paetel, 1890

(error for Unio acuens Lea, 1871)
‘Lea’ Paetel, 1890. Cat. Conch.-Samml. 3: 143.

Pleurobema swordiana Simpson, 1900

(reference to Unio swordianus S.H. Wright, 1897)
‘Wright’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 81, pl. 4, fig. 4.

Pleurobema (s.s.) swordiana — Simpson (1900)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) valida — Frierson (1927)

Pleurobema fassinans Ortmann, 1913

(misidentified reference to Unio fassinans Lea, 1868)
‘Lea’ Ortmann, 1913. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 52(210): 310.
‘Lea’ Ortmann, 1914. Nautilus 28(3): 31.

Pleurobema oviforme argenteum — Ortmann (1918)
Pleurobema oviforme — Parmalee & Bogan (1998)