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Tue 05 May 2026
Publication Frierson (1927): species taxonomic opinions
Full Citation
Frierson, L.S. 1927. A Classified and Annotated Check List of the North American Naiades. 111 pp. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924002812125&view=1up&seq=3.
Taxonomic Opinions
Lampsilis (Delphinonaias) scutulata (Morelet, 1849) = Delphinonaias scutulata
Lampsilis (Disconaias) aztecorum (Philippi, 1847) = Nephronaias aztecorum
+ Unio strebelii Lea, 1866
+ Unio soledadensis Crosse & Fischer, 1893
Lampsilis (Disconaias) discus (Lea, 1838) = Disconaias disca
Lampsilis (Disconaias) fimbriata Frierson, 1907 = Disconaias fimbriata + Nephronaias aztecorum + Mesonaias tampicoensis
+ Lampsilis (Proptera) salinasensis Dall, 1908
+ Unio aztecorum “forma” major Martens, 1900
+ Actinonaias (Disconaias) walkeri H.B. Baker, 1922
Lampsilis (Disconaias) martensi Frierson, 1927 = Nephronaias aztecorum
+ Unio aztecorum Martens, 1900
Lampsilis (Disconaias) novi-leonensis [sic] Pilsbry, 1908 = Friersonia iridella
Lampsilis (Disconaias) panucoensis [sic] (von dem Busch in Philippi, 1843) = Disconaias disca
+ Unio mexicanus Sowerby, 1867
+ Unio lapidosus ‘Villa in sched.’ Kobelt, 1893
+ Unio (Lampsilis) discus var. connectens Martens, 1900
Lampsilis (Disconaias) pilsbryana Frierson, 1927 = Disconaias fimbriata + Nephronaias aztecorum
+ Unio strebeli Pilsbry, 1910
+ Lampsilis purpuriatus Frierson, 1912
Lampsilis (Disconaias) purpuriata (Say, 1831) = Nephronaias aztecorum
+ Unio aztecorum Martens, 1900
Lampsilis (Friersonia) iridella Pilsbry & Frierson, 1907 = Friersonia iridella
Lampsilis (Friersonia) semirasa Pilsbry, 1909 = Popenaias semirasa
Lampsilis (Leptodea) fragilis (Rafinesque, 1820) = Potamilus fragilis
+ Unio fragilis ‘Rafinesque’ of Authors
+ Unio gracilis Barnes, 1823
+ Unio (Niaa) atrata Swainson, 1823
Lampsilis (Leptodea) fragilis-simpsoni Ferriss, 1900 = Potamilus fragilis
Lampsilis (Leptodea) leptodon (Rafinesque, 1820) = Potamilus leptodon + Potamilus fragilis
+ Symphynota tenuissima Lea, 1829
+ Anodon purpurascens Swainson, 1823
+ Unio planus Barnes, 1823
Lampsilis (Leptodea) velum (Say, 1829) = Potamilus leptodon + Potamilus fragilis
+ Unio planus Barnes, 1823
+ Lampsilis blatchleyi Daniels, 1902
Lampsilis (Ligumia) australis Simpson, 1900 = Hamiota australis
Lampsilis (Ligumia) borealis (Gray, 1882) = Lampsilis radiata
Lampsilis (Ligumia) bracteata (Gould, 1855) = Lampsilis bracteata
Lampsilis (Ligumia) delumbis (Conrad, 1834) = Villosa delumbis + Sagittunio vaughanianus + Leaunio lienosus
+ Unio vaughanianus Lea, 1838
+ Unio contiguus Lea, 1861
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fabacea (Lea, 1861) = Leaunio umbrans
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fasciata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Ortmanniana ligamentina + Lampsilis radiata + Lampsilis siliquoidea
+ Unio luteola Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio inflatus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio siliquoideus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio childreni Hanley, 1843
+ Unio distans J.G. Anthony, 1865
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fasciata-claibornensis (Lea, 1838) = Lampsilis straminea
+ Unio obtusus Lea, 1840
+ Unio regularis Sowerby, 1868
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fasciata-hydiana (Lea, 1838) = Lampsilis hydiana + Lampsilis straminea + Hamiota perovalis
+ Unio approximus Lea, 1845
+ Unio affinis Lea, 1852
+ Unio placitus Lea, 1852
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fasciata-opalina (Anthony, J.G., 1866) = Cambarunio iris
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fasciata-rosacea (DeKay, 1843) = Lampsilis siliquoidea
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fasciata-straminea (Conrad, 1834) = Lampsilis straminea
+ Unio pallescens Lea, 1845
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fasciata-superiorensis (Marsh, 1897) = Lampsilis siliquoidea
Lampsilis (Ligumia) gracilior (Lea, 1856) = Villosa vibex + Leaunio lienosus
+ Unio obfuscus Lea, 1857
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa (Conrad, 1834) = Leaunio lienosus + Villosa delumbis + Leaunio umbrans
+ Unio saxeus Conrad, 1838
+ Unio fontanus Conrad, 1866
+ Unio caliginosus Lea, 1845
+ Unio nigerrimus Lea, 1852
+ Unio proximus Lea, 1852
+ Unio subellipsis Lea, 1857
+ Unio concestator Lea, 1857
+ Unio apicinus Lea, 1857
+ Unio intercedens Lea, 1857
+ Unio genuinus Lea, 1868
4 more...
Lampsilis (Ligumia) menkiana (Lea, 1838) = Cambarunio taeniatus + Ptychobranchus fasciolaris
+ Unio interruptus Lea, 1838
+ Obliquaria (Plagiola) interrupta Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio pulcher Lea, 1838
+ Unio latiradiatus Conrad, 1838
+ Unio perdix Reeve, 1864
Lampsilis (Ligumia) modioliformis (Lea, 1834) = Villosa vibex
+ Unio delumbis Küster, 1861
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nasuta (Say, 1817) = Sagittunio nasutus
+ Obliquaria (Ellipsaria) attenuata Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio rostrata Valenciennes, 1827
+ Unio vaughanianus Sowerby, 1868
+ Unio fisherianus Küster, 1861
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nebulosa (Conrad, 1834) = Cambarunio nebulosus + Cambarunio simus + Cambarunio iris + Cambarunio taeniatus + Leaunio lienosus + Cambarunio jonesii
+ Unio cumberlandicus Lea, 1838
+ Margaron (Unio) cumberlandianus Lea, 1852
+ Unio glaber Lea, 1838
+ Unio simus Lea, 1838
+ Unio notatus Lea, 1838
+ Unio fucatus Lea, 1860
+ Unio discrepans Lea, 1860
+ Unio linguaeformis Lea, 1860
+ Unio scitulus Lea, 1860
+ Unio sparus Lea, 1868
3 more...
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosa (Rafinesque, 1820) = Megalonaias nervosa + Cambarunio iris + Cambarunio dactylus
+ Unio iris Lea, 1829
+ Unio dactylus Lea, 1840
+ Unio fatuus Lea, 1840
+ Unio amoenus Lea, 1840
+ Unio novieboraci Lea, 1838
+ Unio creperus Lea, 1838
+ Unio subrostratus Reeve, 1864
Lampsilis (Ligumia) ogeecheensis (Conrad, 1849) = Villosa delumbis + Villosa vibex
+ Unio concavus Lea, 1852
+ Unio sudus Lea, 1857
Lampsilis (Ligumia) ortmanni (Walker, 1925) = Leaunio ortmanni
Lampsilis (Ligumia) perpasta (Lea, 1861) = Lampsilis straminea
Lampsilis (Ligumia) picta (Lea, 1834) = Cambarunio taeniatus
+ Unio camelopardilis Lea, 1860
Lampsilis (Ligumia) powellii (Lea, 1853) = Lampsilis powellii
Lampsilis (Ligumia) prattii (Lea, 1858) = Leaunio lienosus
Lampsilis (Ligumia) propia [sic] (Lea, 1865) = Leaunio umbrans
Lampsilis (Ligumia) radians (Lea, 1857) = Cambarunio nebulosus + Cambarunio jonesii
+ Unio plancus Lea, 1860
+ Unio jonesii Lea, 1859
+ Unio difficilis Lea, 1868
Lampsilis (Ligumia) radiata (Gmelin, 1791) = Lampsilis radiata + Elliptio complanata
+ Unio virginiana Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio lineata Bory de St. Vincent, 1827
+ Unio elongata Goodrich, 1859
+ Unio oblongatus Wood, 1828
+ Unio obliquiradiatus Reeve, 1865
Lampsilis (Ligumia) radiata-mellina [sic] (Conrad, 1838) = Lampsilis radiata
Lampsilis (Ligumia) radiata-oneidensis Baker, F.C., 1918 = Lampsilis radiata
Lampsilis (Ligumia) radiata-tenebrosa (Conrad, 1834) = Lampsilis radiata + Villosa delumbis
+ Margarita (Unio) tenerus Lea, 1836
+ Unio conspicuus Lea, 1872
Lampsilis (Ligumia) recta (Lamarck, 1819) = Ligumia recta
+ Unio sageri Conrad, 1836
Lampsilis (Ligumia) recta-latissima (Rafinesque, 1820) = Ligumia recta
+ Unio leprosus Miles, 1861
+ Unio praelongus Barnes, 1823
Lampsilis (Ligumia) reeviana [sic] (Lea, 1852) = Lampsilis reeveiana
Lampsilis (Ligumia) reeviana-brevicula (Call, 1887) = Lampsilis reeveiana + Lampsilis brittsi
+ Lampsilis brittsi Simpson, 1900
Lampsilis (Ligumia) stagnalis (Conrad, 1849) = Villosa vibex
Lampsilis (Ligumia) streckeri Frierson, 1927 = Lampsilis streckeri
Lampsilis (Ligumia) subangulata (Lea, 1840) = Hamiota subangulata
+ Unio kirklandianus S.H. Wright, 1897
Lampsilis (Ligumia) subrostrata (Say, 1831) = Sagittunio subrostratus + Cambarunio dactylus
+ Lampsilis nashvillensis ‘Lea’ of Authors
+ Unio rutersvillensis Lea, 1859
+ Unio topekaensis Lea, 1868
+ Unio mississippiensis Conrad, 1850
+ Unio cocoduensis Reeve, 1865
+ Unio muhlfeldianus Lea, 1838
Lampsilis (Ligumia) subrostrata-furva Simpson, 1914 = Sagittunio subrostratus
Lampsilis (Ligumia) taeniata (Conrad, 1834) = Cambarunio taeniatus
+ Unio lindsleyi Lea, 1860
+ Unio tennesseensis Lea, 1840
+ Unio punctatus Lea, 1865
+ Unio camelopardalis ‘Lea’ of Authors
Lampsilis (Ligumia) tenera (Lea, 1840) = Cambarunio iris
+ Unio regularis Lea, 1841
Lampsilis (Ligumia) teres (Rafinesque, 1820) = Lampsilis teres + Lampsilis siliquoidea
+ Unio anodontoides Lea, 1831
+ Unio siliquoideus Barnes, 1823
Lampsilis (Ligumia) teres-fallaciosa Simpson, 1900 [sic] = Lampsilis teres
Lampsilis (Ligumia) teres-floridensis (Lea, 1852) = Lampsilis floridensis
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vanuxemensis (Lea, 1838) = Leaunio vanuxemensis + Leaunio umbrans + Cambarunio iris
+ Margaron (Unio) vanuxemii ‘Lea’ of Authors
+ Unio nitens Lea, 1840
+ Unio tenebricus Lea, 1857
+ Unio umbrans Lea, 1857
+ Unio pybasii Lea, 1858
+ Unio copei Lea, 1868
+ Unio dispansus Lea, 1871
+ Unio puniceus Haldeman, 1842
+ Unio obscurus Lea, 1838
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vibex (Conrad, 1834) = Villosa vibex
+ Unio exiguus Lea, 1840
+ Unio prevostianus Lea, 1852
+ Unio rutilans Lea, 1857
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vibex-dispar (Lea, 1860) = Leaunio lienosus
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vibex-nigrina (Lea, 1852) = Villosa vibex
+ Unio averellii B.H. Wright, 1888
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vibex-planicostata (Lea, 1860) = Cambarunio nebulosus
Lampsilis (Ligumia) virescens (Lea, 1858) = Lampsilis virescens
Lampsilis (Ligumia) zeigleriana (Lea, 1838) = Cambarunio iris
Lampsilis (Ortmanniana) abruptus (Say, 1831) = Lampsilis abrupta + Obovaria subrotunda
+ Toxolasma cyclips Rafinesque, 1831
+ Unio suborbiculatus Kuster, 1857 of Authors
+ Margarita (Unio) orbiculatus Lea, 1836
Lampsilis (Ortmanniana) carinata (Barnes, 1823) = Ortmanniana ligamentina
+ Unio ligamentina Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio ellipticus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio ellipsarius Say, 1834
+ Unio fasciatus Conrad, 1835
+ Mya gravis Wood, 1828
+ Unio luteolus Sowerby, 1867
+ Unio crassidens Sowerby, 1868
+ Unio venustus Sowerby, 1868
Lampsilis (Ortmanniana) carinata-calendis (Rafinesque, 1831) = Ortmanniana ligamentina + Elliptio crassidens
+ Unio crassus Sowerby, 1868
+ Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) ligamentina var. gibbus Simpson, 1900
Lampsilis (Ortmanniana) carinata-upsoni (Marsh, 1887) = Ortmanniana ligamentina
Lampsilis (Ortmanniana) higginsii (Lea, 1857) = Lampsilis higginsii
+ Unio orbiculatus Call, 1900
Lampsilis (s.s.) altilis (Conrad, 1834) = Hamiota altilis
+ Unio clarkianus Lea, 1852
Lampsilis (s.s.) cardium Rafinesque, 1820 = Lampsilis cardium
+ Unio occidens Lea, 1829
+ Unio subovatus Lea, 1831
+ Unio lenis Conrad, 1838
+ Unio latissimus Sowerby, 1868
+ Unio cariosus De Kay, 1843
+ Unio ovatus ‘Say’ of Authors
+ Unio ventricosus Barnes, 1823
Lampsilis (s.s.) cardium-lurida Simpson, 1914 = Lampsilis cardium
Lampsilis (s.s.) cardium-satura (Lea, 1853) = Lampsilis satura + Potamilus capax
+ Unio capax Green, 1832
Lampsilis (s.s.) cariosa (Say, 1817) = Lampsilis cariosa + Lampsilis radiata + Lampsilis cardium
+ Unio luteola Lamarck, 1819
+ Lampsilis pallida Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio ovata Valenciennes, 1827
+ Unio oratus Conrad, 1849
+ Unio canadensis Lea, 1857
Lampsilis (s.s.) dolabraeformis (Lea, 1838) = Lampsilis dolabraeformis
Lampsilis (s.s.) fasciola Rafinesque, 1820 = Lampsilis fasciola + Lampsilis cardium
+ Unio multiradiatus Lea, 1829
+ Unio perradiatus Lea, 1858
+ Unio subovatus Sowerby, 1868
+ Unio ligamentinus Deshayes, 1835
Lampsilis (s.s.) ochracea (Say, 1817) = Atlanticoncha ochracea
+ Lampsilis rosea Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio radiatus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio boydianus Lea, 1840
+ Unio crocatus Lea, 1841
Lampsilis (s.s.) ornatus (Conrad, 1835) = Lampsilis ornata + Lampsilis binominata
+ Unio excavatus Lea, 1857
+ Unio lineatus Lea, 1840
+ Lampsilis (s.s.) binominatus Simpson, 1900
Lampsilis (s.s.) ovatus (Say, 1817) = Lampsilis ovata
Lampsilis (s.s.) pectorosa (Conrad, 1834) = Ortmanniana pectorosa
+ Unio perdix Lea, 1834
Lampsilis (s.s.) pectorosa-biangularis (Lea, 1840) = Ortmanniana pectorosa
+ Unio biangulatus Lea, 1840
+ Bariosta vittatis Rafinesque, 1831
Lampsilis (s.s.) perovalis (Conrad, 1834) = Hamiota perovalis + Hamiota altilis
+ Unio doliaris Lea, 1865
Lampsilis (s.s.) rafinesqueana Frierson, 1927 = Lampsilis rafinesqueana
Lampsilis (s.s.) sowerbyana Frierson, 1927 = Ortmanniana ligamentina
+ Unio pictus Sowerby, 1868
Lampsilis (s.s.) spillmani (Lea, 1861) = Hamiota perovalis + Hamiota altilis
+ Unio gerhardtii Lea, 1862
Lampsilis (s.s.) splendida (Lea, 1838) = Lampsilis splendida + Atlanticoncha ochracea
+ Unio regularis Sowerby, 1866
+ Unio rosaceus Conrad, 1849
Lampsilis (Venusta) arkansensis [sic] (Lea, 1862) = Obovaria arkansasensis
Lampsilis (Venusta) constricta (Conrad, 1838) = Venustaconcha constricta
+ Unio genthii Lea, 1857
Lampsilis (Venusta) ellipsiformis (Conrad, 1836) = Venustaconcha ellipsiformis + Eurynia dilatata
+ Unio mucronatus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio spatulatus Lea, 1845
Lampsilis (Venusta) pleasii (Marsh, 1891) = Venustaconcha pleasii
Lampsilis (Venusta) trabalis (Conrad, 1834) = Venustaconcha trabalis + Venustaconcha troostensis
+ Unio troostensis Lea, 1834
+ Unio troostii ‘Lea’ of Authors
+ Unio perpurpureus Lea, 1861
+ Unio vanuxemensis Sowerby, 1866
+ Unio maestus Küster, 1861
+ Unio glans Conrad, 1836
Lampsilis (Venusta) venusta (Lea, 1838) = Venustaconcha ellipsiformis
Lampsilis (Villosa) amygdalum (Lea, 1843) = Villosa amygdalum
+ Unio trossulus Lea, 1843
+ Unio lepidus Gould, 1856
+ Unio papyraceus Gould, 1845
Lampsilis (Villosa) pellucidus (Lea, 1845) = Villosa vibex
Lampsilis (Villosa) vesicularis (Lea, 1872) = Villosa amygdalum
+ Unio singleyanus Marsh, 1891
+ Unio minor Call of Authors
Lampsilis (Villosa) villosa (Wright, B.H., 1898) = Villosa villosa
Lampsilis (Villosa) wrightiana Frierson, 1927 = Villosa amygdalum
Lasmigona (Platynaias) charlottensis (Lea, 1863) = Platynaias decorata
Lasmigona (Platynaias) decorata (Lea, 1852) = Platynaias decorata
+ Unio insolidus Lea, 1872
Lasmigona (Platynaias) quadrata (Lea, 1861) = Platynaias subviridis
Lasmigona (Platynaias) subviridis (Conrad, 1835) = Platynaias subviridis
+ Unio tappanianus Lea, 1838
+ Unio hyalinus Lea, 1845
+ Unio pertenuis Lea, 1863
Lasmigona (Platynaias) viridis (Rafinesque, 1820) = Sulcularia viridis + Platynaias compressa
+ Symphynota compressa Lea, 1829
+ Unio alasmodontina Lea, 1829
+ Margaron (Unio) pressus Lea, 1852
Lasmigona (Platynaias) viridis-plebia (Adams, C.B., 1842) = Platynaias compressa
Lasmigona (Pterosyna) complanata (Barnes, 1823) = Pterosyna complanata
+ Complanaria gigas Swainson, 1840
Lasmigona (s.s.) costata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Lasmigona costata
+ Alasmodonta rugosa Barnes, 1823
Lasmigona (s.s.) costata-ereganensis Grier, 1918 = Lasmigona costata
Lasmigona (s.s.) costata-viridis (Rafinesque, 1831) = Sulcularia viridis
Leila (Pseudoleila) ciconia (Gould, 1851) = Anodontites trapesialis
+ Anodon ciconia Sowerby, 1870
+ Anodon glaucus ‘Valenciennes’ of Authors
+ Anodonta glauca var. B sinaloensis Crosse & Fischer, 1884
Leila (Pseudoleila) nicaragua [sic] (Philippi, 1848) = Anodontites trapesialis
+ Anodonta bridgesii Lea, 1868
+ Anodonta jewettiana Lea, 1868
+ Anodonta jewettii Lea, 1868
Leila (Pseudoleila) trapezialis [sic]-glauca (Valenciennes, 1827) = Anodontites trapesialis
Lemiox rimosus (Rafinesque, 1831)
+ Unio caelatus Conrad, 1834
Margaritana hembeli (Conrad, 1838) = Margaritifera hembeli
Margaritana margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758) = Margaritifera margaritifera + Margaritifera falcata
+ Alasmodonta arcuata Barnes, 1823
+ Alasmodon falcata Gould, 1850
+ Alasmodon yubaensis Trask, 1854
Medionidus acutissimus (Lea, 1831) = Medionidus acutissimus + Medionidus parvulus
+ Unio parvulus Lea, 1860
+ Unio rubellinus Lea, 1857
+ Unio semiplicatus Küster, 1862
Medionidus conradicus (Lea, 1834)
+ Unio conradius Conrad, 1838
+ Margaron (Unio) conradianus Lea, 1870
+ Obliquaria plateolus Rafinesque, 1831
Medionidus penicillatus (Lea, 1857)
+ Unio kingii B.H. Wright, 1900
Medionidus simpsonianus Walker, 1905
Medionidus walkeri Wright 1897
Mycetopoda weddellii (Húpe, 1857) = Mycetopoda siliquosa + Mycetopoda subsinuata
+ Mycetopus subsinuatus Sowerby, 1868
Nodularia aegyptiacus (Cailliaud, 1827) = Atlanticoncha ochracea
+ Unio troostensis Sowerby, 1866
Nodularia laevirostris (Benson, 1862) = Leaunio lienosus
+ Unio bicaelatus Reeve, 1865
Obliquaria reflexa Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio cornutus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio torulosus Short & Eaton, 1831
Obovaria (Pseudoon) castanea (Lea, 1831) = Obovaria arkansasensis
Obovaria (Pseudoon) curtus (Lea, 1859) = Pleurobema curtum
Obovaria (Pseudoon) jacksoniana (Frierson, 1912) = Obovaria arkansasensis
Obovaria (Pseudoon) olivaria (Rafinesque, 1820) = Obovaria olivaria
+ Unio ellipsis Lea, 1828
+ Unio brevialis G.B. Sowerby, 1821
+ Unio taitanus Sowerby, 1868
+ Unio mytilloides Frierson, 1927
+ Diplasma vitrea Potiez & Michaud, 1844
Obovaria (s.s.) levigata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Obovaria subrotunda
+ Unio lens Lea, 1831
+ Obovaria lens var. parva Simpson, 1914
Obovaria (s.s.) retusa (Lamarck, 1819) = Obovaria retusa + Obovaria subrotunda
+ Obovaria torsa Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio incurvis Say, 1829
+ Unio orbiculatus Hildreth, 1828
Obovaria (s.s.) rotulata (Wright, B.H., 1899) = Reginaia rotulata
Obovaria (s.s.) subrotunda (Rafinesque, 1820) = Obovaria subrotunda + Pleurobema clava
+ Unio circulus Lea, 1829
+ Unio (Aximedia) elliptica Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio (Aximedia) zonalis Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio leibii Lea, 1862
+ Unio rotundus Wood, 1828
Obovaria (s.s.) subrotunda-depygis (Conrad, 1866) = Obovaria subrotunda
Obovaria (s.s.) subrotunda-uber (Conrad, 1866) = Obovaria unicolor
Obovaria (s.s.) subrotunda-unicolor (Lea, 1845) = Obovaria unicolor
+ Unio tinkeri B.H. Wright, 1899
Parreysia robsoni Frierson, 1927 = Fusconaia masoni
+ Unio pumilus Sowerby, 1866
Pegias fabula (Lea, 1838)
+ Margaritana curreyiana Lea, 1840
Plagiola lineolata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Ellipsaria lineolata
+ Obliquaria (Plagiola) depressa Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio securis Lea, 1829
Pleurobema (Lexingtonia) castum (Lea, 1860) = Fusconaia masoni
Pleurobema (Lexingtonia) subplanum (Conrad, 1837) = Fusconaia masoni
+ Unio pumilus Lea, 1838
+ Unio striatulus Lea, 1857
+ Unio brimleyi S.H. Wright, 1897
Pleurobema (Lexingtonia) utriculum (Lea, 1845) = Fusconaia masoni
Pleurobema (Plethobasus) cicatricoideum [sic] (Frierson, 1911) = Plethobasus cicatricosus
Pleurobema (Plethobasus) compertum (Frierson, 1911) = Plethobasus cyphyus
Pleurobema (Plethobasus) cyphyum (Rafinesque, 1820) = Plethobasus cyphyus + Plethobasus cicatricosus
+ Unio scyphius Küster, 1861
+ Unio aesopus Green, 1827
+ Unio cicatricosus Say, 1829
Pleurobema (Plethobasus) cyphyum-phillipsi (Conrad, 1835) = Obliquaria reflexa
Pleurobema (Plethobasus) detectum (Frierson, 1911) = Plethobasus cicatricosus
+ Unio varicosus Lea, 1831
Pleurobema (s.s.) aldrichi Frierson, 1927 = Pleurobema taitianum
Pleurobema (s.s.) altum (Conrad, 1854)
Pleurobema (s.s.) amabile (Lea, 1865) = Pleurobema pyriforme
Pleurobema (s.s.) avellana (Simpson, 1900) = Pleurobema rubellum
Pleurobema (s.s.) bulbosum (Lea, 1857) = Pleurobema pyriforme + Pleurobema strodeanum
+ Pleurobema patsaligensis Simpson, 1900
Pleurobema (s.s.) clava-patulum (Lea, 1829) = Pleurobema clava
Pleurobema (s.s.) concolor (Lea, 1861) = Pleurobema perovatum
+ Unio pinkstoni S.H. Wright, 1897
Pleurobema (s.s.) decisus (Lea, 1831) = Pleurobema decisum
+ Unio crebrivittatus Lea, 1861
+ Unio anaticulus Lea, 1861
+ Unio consanguineus Lea, 1861
+ Unio scalenius Say, 1834
+ Unio medius Reeve, 1864
Pleurobema (s.s.) decisus-chattanoogaensis (Lea, 1858) = Pleurobema decisum
Pleurobema (s.s.) fibuloides (Lea, 1859) = Pleurobema fibuloides
Pleurobema (s.s.) fictum Frierson, 1927 = Pleurobema rubellum
Pleurobema (s.s.) flavidulum (Lea, 1861) = Pleurobema perovatum
Pleurobema (s.s.) furvum (Conrad, 1834) = Pleurobema rubellum
Pleurobema (s.s.) gibberum (Lea, 1838) = Pleuronaia gibber
Pleurobema (s.s.) hagleri (Frierson, 1900) = Pleurobema rubellum
Pleurobema (s.s.) hanleyanum [sic] (Lea, 1852) = Pleurobema hanleyianum
Pleurobema (s.s.) harperi (Wright, B.H., 1899) = Pleurobema pyriforme
Pleurobema (s.s.) hartmanianum (Lea, 1860) = Pleurobema hartmanianum
Pleurobema (s.s.) instructum (Lea, 1861) = Pleurobema verum
+ Unio verus Lea, 1861
Pleurobema (s.s.) interventum (Lea, 1861) = Pleurobema perovatum + Pleurobema hanleyianum
+ Unio pallidofulvus Lea, 1861
+ Unio hanleyanus Reeve, 1864
Pleurobema (s.s.) johannis (Lea, 1859) = Pleurobema perovatum
Pleurobema (s.s.) lewisii (Lea, 1861) = Pleurobema fibuloides
+ Unio crapulus Lea, 1861
Pleurobema (s.s.) marshalli Frierson, 1927 = Pleurobema marshalli
Pleurobema (s.s.) modicum (Lea, 1857) = Pleurobema pyriforme
Pleurobema (s.s.) murrayense (Lea, 1868) = Pleurobema stabile
Pleurobema (s.s.) mytiloides Rafinesque, 1820 = Pleurobema clava
+ Pleurobema cuneata Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio clavus Conrad, 1835
+ Unio clava Lamarck, 1819
Pleurobema (s.s.) nucleopsis (Conrad, 1849) = Pleurobema georgianum
+ Unio medius Lea, 1861
Pleurobema (s.s.) oviformis (Conrad, 1834) = Pleurobema oviforme
+ Unio patulus Conrad, 1838
+ Unio holstonensis Lea, 1840
Pleurobema (s.s.) perovatum (Conrad, 1834) = Pleurobema perovatum
+ Unio nux Lea, 1852
+ Unio cinnamomicus Lea, 1861
Pleurobema (s.s.) pulvinulum (Lea, 1845) = Pleurobema rubellum + Pleurobema georgianum
+ Unio troschelianus Lea, 1852
Pleurobema (s.s.) pyriforme (Lea, 1857) = Pleurobema pyriforme
+ Unio reclusus B.H. Wright, 1898
Pleurobema (s.s.) rubellum (Conrad, 1834) = Pleurobema rubellum + Pleurobema stabile + Pleurobema oviforme + Ptychobranchus greenii
+ Unio stabilis Lea, 1861
+ Unio rudis Conrad, 1837
+ Unio brumbyanus Lea, 1841
Pleurobema (s.s.) showalteri (Lea, 1860) = Pleurobema hartmanianum + Pleurobema georgianum
+ Unio irrasus Lea, 1861
Pleurobema (s.s.) simulans (Lea, 1871) = Pleurobema perovatum
Pleurobema (s.s.) striatum (Lea, 1840) = Pleurobema pyriforme
+ Unio litus Lea, 1871
+ Pleurobema simpsoni Vanatta, 1915
Pleurobema (s.s.) strodeanum (Wright, B.H., 1898) = Pleurobema strodeanum
Pleurobema (s.s.) taitianum (Lea, 1834) = Pleurobema taitianum
+ Pleurobema tombigbeanum Frierson, 1908
Proptera alata (Say, 1817) = Potamilus alatus
Proptera amphichaena (Frierson, 1898) = Potamilus amphichaenus
Proptera capax (Green, 1832) = Potamilus capax + Lampsilis cardium
+ Unio ventricosus Barnes, 1823
+ Symphynota globosa Lea, 1834
Proptera inflata (Lea, 1831) = Potamilus inflatus
+ Unio alabamensis Conrad, 1834
Proptera laevissima (Lea, 1829) = Potamilus ohiensis + Potamilus fragilis
+ Unio planus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio discoideus Sowerby, 1866
+ Unio ohiensis Say, 1834
Proptera purpurata (Lamarck, 1819) = Potamilus purpuratus
+ Unio ater Lea, 1829
+ Unio lugubris Say, 1832
+ Unio permiscens Lea, 1859
+ Unio dolosus Sowerby, 1866
+ Unio coloradoensis Lea, 1856
Proptera purpurata-poulsoni (Conrad, 1834) = Potamilus purpuratus
+ Unio dolosus Lea, 1860
Proptera rovirosai (Pilsbry, 1900) = Mesonaias explicata
Psoronaias crocodilorum (Morelet, 1849)
+ Unio pliciferus Reeve, 1864
+ Unio crocodilorum var. G praestricta Fischer & Crosse, 1894
+ Unio crocodilorum var. B semipustulata Fischer & Crosse, 1894
Psoronaias distinctus (Crosse & Fischer, 1893) = Psoronaias distincta
Psoronaias guatemalensis (Simpson, 1900)
Psoronaias herrerae (Marshall, 1923) = Psoronaias semigranosa
Psoronaias kuxensis Frierson, 1917 = Psoronaias guatemalensis
Psoronaias martensi Frierson, 1927 = Psoronaias crocodilorum
+ Unio psoricus Martens, 1900
Psoronaias morini (Morelet, 1851) = Psoronaias crocodilorum
Psoronaias ostreatus (Morelet, 1849) = Psoronaias crocodilorum
Psoronaias percompressus (Crosse & Fischer, 1893) [sic] = Psoronaias crocodilorum
Psoronaias plexoideus Frierson, 1927
+ Unio rusticus Sowerby, 1868
Psoronaias plexus (Conrad, 1838) = Sphenonaias plexus
+ Unio carbonarius Lea, 1838
+ Unio pliciferus Lea, 1838
Psoronaias profunda (Simpson, 1914) = Psoronaias crocodilorum
Psoronaias quadrata (Simpson, 1914) = Psoronaias crocodilorum
Psoronaias rudis (Simpson, 1900) = Psoronaias crocodilorum
Psoronaias semigranosus (von dem Busch, 1845) = Psoronaias semigranosa + Psoronaias crocodilorum
+ Unio testudineus Morelet, 1849
Psoronaias semigranosus-corium (Reeve, 1864) = Psoronaias crocodilorum
Psoronaias semigranosus-psoricus (Morelet, 1851) = Psoronaias crocodilorum
Psoronaias usumacintae Crosse & Fischer, 1892 = Psoronaias crocodilorum
Ptychobranchus (s.s.) fasciolare (Rafinesque, 1820) = Ptychobranchus fasciolaris + Eurynia dilatata
+ Obliquaria (Ellipsaria) sinuata Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio cultratus Rafinesque, 1831
+ Unio phaseolus Hildreth, 1828
+ Unio planulatus Lea, 1829
+ Unio compressissimus Lea, 1845
+ Unio abacus Haldeman, 1842
Ptychobranchus (s.s.) fasciolare-arquatum (Conrad, 1854) = Ligumia recta
Ptychobranchus (s.s.) fasciolare-longa (Rafinesque, 1820) = Ptychobranchus fasciolaris
+ Unio camelus Lea, 1834
Ptychobranchus (s.s.) foremanianum (Lea, 1842) = Ptychobranchus foremanianus
+ Unio velatus Conrad, 1854
+ Unio woodwardius Lea, 1857
+ Unio woodwardianus ‘Lea’ of Authors
+ Unio trinacrus Lea, 1861
Ptychobranchus (s.s.) greeni (Conrad, 1834) = Ptychobranchus greenii
+ Unio simplex Lea, 1845
+ Unio flavescens Lea, 1845
Ptychobranchus (s.s.) occidentalis (Conrad, 1836) = Ptychobranchus occidentalis
+ Ptychobranchus clintonensis Simpson, 1900
Ptychobranchus (Subtentus) subtentum (Say, 1825) = Ptychobranchus subtentus
Quadrula (Bullata) archeri Frierson, 1905 = Pustulosa kieneriana
Quadrula (Bullata) aureus (Lea, 1859) = Pustulosa pustulosa
+ Unio petrinus Frierson, 1927
Quadrula (Bullata) couchiana (Lea, 1860) = Quadrula couchiana
Quadrula (Bullata) houstonensis (Lea, 1859) = Pustulosa pustulosa
Quadrula (Bullata) nodulata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Pustulosa nodulata + Pustulosa pustulosa
+ Unio pustulatus Lea, 1831
+ Unio dorfeuillianus Lea, 1838
Quadrula (Bullata) petrina (Gould, 1855) = Pustulosa petrina
+ Unio bollii Call, 1881
Quadrula (Bullata) pustulosa (Lea, 1831) = Pustulosa pustulosa
+ Obliquaria (Quadrula) bullata Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio verrucosa Valenciennes, 1827
+ Unio nodulosus Say, 1834
Quadrula (Bullata) pustulosa-asperata (Lea, 1861) = Pustulosa kieneriana + Pustulosa pustulosa
+ Unio pernodosus Lea, 1845
Quadrula (Bullata) pustulosa-mortoni (Conrad, 1836) = Pustulosa pustulosa
+ Unio turgidus Lea, 1838
+ Unio nodiferus Conrad, 1841
Quadrula (Bullata) pustulosa-paupercula (Lea, 1861) = Pustulosa pustulosa
Quadrula (Bullata) pustulosa-prasina (Conrad, 1834) = Pustulosa pustulosa
+ Unio schoolcraftensis Lea, 1834
+ Unio schoolcraftii ‘Lea’ of Authors
Quadrula (Bullata) pustulosa-refulgens (Lea, 1868) = Pustulosa pustulosa
+ Unio sphaericus Lea, 1868
Quadrula (Bullata) pustulosa-vallata (Lea, 1868) = Pustulosa pustulosa
+ Unio cahabensis Lea, 1871
Quadrula (Cyclonaias) tuberculata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Cyclonaias tuberculata
+ Unio verrucosus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio tuberculosus Valenciennes, 1827
Quadrula (Cyclonaias) tuberculata-pusilla (Simpson, 1900) = Cyclonaias tuberculata
Quadrula (Cyclonaias) tuberculata-utterbackiana Frierson, 1927 = Cyclonaias tuberculata
+ Plethobasus cooperianus Utterback, 1915
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) antrosa (Rafinesque, 1820) = Reginaia ebenus + Pleurobema sintoxia
+ Obovaria pachostea Rafinesque, 1820
+ Obovaria obovalis Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio ebenus Lea, 1831
+ Unio gouldianus Ward in Jay, 1839
+ Unio (s.s.) mytiloides Swainson, 1840
+ Unio obliqua ‘Lamarck’ of Authors
+ Unio subrotundus Call, 1894
+ Unio globatus Call, 1894
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) askewi (Marsh, 1896) = Fusconaia askewi
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) beadleana [sic] (Lea, 1861) = Pleurobema beadleianum
+ Unio chickasawhensis Lea, 1861
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) bursa-pastoris (Wright, B.H., 1896) = Fusconaia subrotunda
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) flava (Rafinesque, 1820) = Fusconaia flava + Fusconaia cerina
+ Unio rubiginosus Lea, 1829
+ Unio cerinus Conrad, 1838
+ Unio coccineus Reeve, 1865
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) flava-nasuta Simpson, 1914 = Fusconaia flava + Fusconaia cerina
+ Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) castanea Simpson, 1914
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) flava-negata (Lea, 1861) = Fusconaia cerina
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) flava-parvula (Grier, 1919) = Fusconaia flava
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) flava-sampsoniana Frierson, 1927 = Fusconaia ozarkensis
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) glandacea (Lea, 1861) = Fusconaia cerina
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) hebetata (Conrad, 1854) = Fusconaia flava + Fusconaia cerina + Pustulosa succissa
+ Unio rubidus Lea, 1861
+ Unio succisus Sowerby, 1866
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) kirtlandiana (Lea, 1834) = Fusconaia subrotunda
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) lananensis Frierson, 1901 = Fusconaia lananensis
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) ozarkensis (Call, 1887) = Fusconaia ozarkensis
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) pannosa (Simpson, 1900) = Fusconaia ozarkensis
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) pilaris (Lea, 1840) = Fusconaia subrotunda
+ Unio lesueurianus Lea, 1840
+ Unio globatus Lea, 1871
+ Quadrula beauchampii Marsh, 1902
+ Quadrula andrewsae Marsh, 1902
+ Quadrula andrewsii Marsh, 1902
+ Quadrula flexuosa Simpson, 1900
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) rubidula Frierson, 1905 = Fusconaia cerina
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) subelliptica (Simpson, 1900) = Fusconaia ozarkensis
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) subrotunda (Lea, 1831) = Fusconaia subrotunda + Pleurobema sintoxia + Elliptio crassidens + Amblema plicata
+ Obliquaria (Sintoxia) sintoxia Rafinesque, 1820
+ Obliquaria (Aximedia) venus Rafinesque, 1831
+ Unio politus Conrad, 1837
+ Unio ebenus Call, 1894
+ Unio crassus Barnes, 1823
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) succissa (Lea, 1852) = Pustulosa succissa + Pustulosa infucata
+ Unio cacao Lea, 1859
+ Unio infucatus Conrad, 1834
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) succissa-wrightii Simpson, 1914 = Pustulosa succissa
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) undata (Barnes, 1823) = Fusconaia flava
+ Obliquaria (Sintoxia) lateralis Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio triangularis Küster, 1852
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) undata-chunii (Lea, 1862) = Fusconaia chunii
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) undata-selecta (Wheeler, 1914) = Fusconaia flava
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) undata-trigona (Lea, 1831) = Fusconaia flava
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) undata-trigonoides (Frierson, 1916) = Fusconaia flava
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) utterbackii (Frierson, 1916) = Fusconaia ozarkensis
Quadrula (Obliquata) catilla (Conrad, 1836) = Pleurobema sintoxia
+ Unio coccineus Lea, 1838
+ Unio solidus Lea, 1838
+ Unio fulgidus Lea, 1845
+ Obliquaria (Scalenaria) triangularis Rafinesque, 1820
Quadrula (Obliquata) coccinea (Conrad, 1836) = Pleurobema sintoxia + Unio crassus
+ Obliquaria rubra Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio rubens Menke, 1828
Quadrula (Obliquata) coccinea-cunea (Conrad, 1838) = Pleurobema sintoxia
Quadrula (Obliquata) coccinea-magnalacustris Simpson, 1914 = Pleurobema sintoxia
+ Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) coccinea var. paupercula Simpson, 1900
Quadrula (Obliquata) cordata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Pleurobema cordatum
+ Unio obliquus ‘Lamarck’ of Authors
+ Unio mytiloides Short & Eaton, 1831
Quadrula (Obliquata) cordata-plena (Lea, 1840) = Pleurobema plenum
Quadrula (Obliquata) friersoni (Wright, B.H., 1896) = Pleurobema riddellii
Quadrula (Obliquata) missouriensis (Marsh, 1901) = Pleurobema sintoxia
Quadrula (Obliquata) obliquata (Rafinesque, 1820) = Epioblasma obliquata + Pleurobema sintoxia
+ Unio cardiacea Guérin-Méneville, 1823
+ Unio pyramidatus Lea, 1831
+ Unio mytiloides Conrad, 1836
+ Unio ruber Conrad, 1853
Quadrula (Obliquata) ridellii [sic] (Lea, 1861) = Pleurobema riddellii
Quadrula (Orthonymus) cylindrica (Say, 1817) = Theliderma cylindrica
+ Unio (Eurynia) solenoides Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio naviformis Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio rugosus Chenu, 1862
Quadrula (Orthonymus) cylindrica-strigillata (Wright, B.H., 1898) = Theliderma cylindrica
Quadrula (Orthonymus) intermedia (Conrad, 1836) = Theliderma intermedia
Quadrula (Orthonymus) metanevra (Rafinesque, 1820) = Theliderma metanevra
+ Unio nodosus Barnes, 1823
Quadrula (Orthonymus) metanevra-tuberosa (Lea, 1840) = Theliderma metanevra + Theliderma sparsa + Theliderma intermedia
+ Unio sparsus Lea, 1841
+ Unio kleinianus Küster, 1861
Quadrula (Orthonymus) metanevra-wardii (Lea, 1862) = Theliderma metanevra
+ Unio rugosus Lea, 1852
Quadrula (Orthonymus) stapes (Lea, 1831) = Theliderma stapes
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) analogia [sic] (Ortmann, 1917) = Fusconaia cor
+ Unio edgarianus Reeve, 1864
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) argentea (Lea, 1841) = Pleurobema oviforme + Pleuronaia barnesiana
+ Unio lesleyi Lea, 1860
+ Unio fassinans Lea, 1868
+ Unio decisus Küster, 1852
+ Unio raveneliensis Reeve, 1864
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesiana (Lea, 1838) = Pleuronaia barnesiana + Pleuronaia estabrookiana
+ Unio bigbyensis Lea, 1841
+ Unio tellicoensis Lea, 1872
+ Unio estabrookianus Lea, 1845
+ Pleurobema fassinans var. rhomboidea Simpson, 1900
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) cor (Conrad, 1834) = Fusconaia cor + Pleurobema clava + Fusconaia cuneolus
+ Unio bournianus Lea, 1840
+ Unio edgarianus Lea, 1840
+ Unio obuncus Lea, 1871
+ Unio tuscumbiensis Lea, 1871
+ Unio andersonensis Lea, 1872
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) cuneola (Lea, 1840) = Fusconaia cuneolus + Pleurobema oviforme
+ Unio clinchensis Lea, 1867
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) dolabelloides (Lea, 1840) = Pleuronaia dolabelloides + Fusconaia cuneolus
+ Unio thorntonii Lea, 1857
+ Unio mundus Reeve, 1864
+ Unio mooresianus Lea, 1857
+ Unio circumactus Lea, 1871
+ Unio recurvatus Lea, 1871
+ Unio flavidus Lea, 1872
+ Unio appressus Lea, 1871
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) georgiana (Lea, 1841) = Pleurobema georgianum
+ Unio favosus Lea, 1857
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meridithii [sic] (Lea, 1858) = Pleuronaia barnesiana
+ Unio lenticularis Lea, 1872
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) munda (Lea, 1857) = Pleurobema oviforme + Pleuronaia barnesiana
+ Unio lawii Lea, 1871
+ Unio bellulus Lea, 1872
+ Unio pattinoides Lea, 1871
+ Unio ornatus Lea, 1861
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) pudica (Lea, 1860) = Pleuronaia barnesiana
+ Unio lyonii Lea, 1865
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) raveneliana (Lea, 1834) = Pleurobema oviforme
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) striatissima (Anthony, J.G., 1865) = Pleurobema oviforme
+ Unio brevis Lea, 1872
+ Unio conasaugaensis Lea, 1872
+ Unio swordianus S.H. Wright, 1897
+ Unio planior Lea, 1868
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tesserulae (Lea, 1862) = Pleurobema oviforme
+ Unio acuens Lea, 1871
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tumescens (Lea, 1845) = Pleuronaia barnesiana
+ Unio radiosus Lea, 1871
+ Unio crudus Lea, 1871
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) valida (Lea, 1871) = Pleuronaia barnesiana + Fusconaia cuneolus + Pleuronaia dolabelloides + Pleurobema oviforme
+ Unio cuneolus ‘Lea’ of Authors
+ Unio argenteus Sowerby, 1866
+ Unio maculatus Conrad, 1834
+ Pleurobema conradi Vanatta, 1915
+ Pleurobema swordiana Simpson, 1900
Quadrula (Quincuncina) burkei (Walker, 1922) = Fusconaia burkei
