Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Cristariina

genus Sinanodonta Modell, 1945: cladomics

10 Recent valid species (10 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 10 (10 total)
analyzed in 178 cladograms in 101 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 11 (mean = 2.53, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 99
maximum number of included terminals = 11, (mean = 3.76 median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.97

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Sinanodonta cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Sinanodonta cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Douda et al., 2024 [Publ 4364], fig. 1

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 10 12 3 2 1 0 
  +----------------------- Beringiana           
  |                                             
  |                    +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
--+  +-----------------+                        
  |  |                 +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
  |  |                                          
  |  |           +-------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
  +--+  +--------+                              
     |  |        |  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens **   
     |  |        +--+                           
     |  |           |  +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
     +--+           +--+                        
        |              +-- Sinanodonta__2 **       
        |                                       
        |  +-------------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
        +--+                                    
           |  +----------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
           +--+                                 
              |  +-------- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
              +--+                              
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica ** 
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta__1 **

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 10 25 23 7 2 
  +----------------------------- Cristaria                  
  |                                                         
  |                       +----- Pletholophus_guangzhouensis
  |                 +-----+                                 
  |                 |     |  +-- Pletholophus_tenuis        
  |                 |     +--+                              
--+  +--------------+        +-- Pletholophus_reinianus     
  |  |              |                                       
  |  |              |  +-------- Pletholophus_honglinhensis 
  |  |              +--+                                    
  |  |                 |  +----- Anemina                    
  |  |                 +--+                                 
  +--+                    |  +-- Amuranodonta               
     |                    +--+                              
     |                       +-- Buldowskia                 
     |                                                      
     |  +----------------------- Beringiana                 
     |  |                                                   
     +--+  +-------------------- Acudonta                   
        |  |                                                
        |  |                 +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **         
        +--+  +--------------+                              
           |  |              +-- Sinanodonta_angula **         
           |  |                                             
           +--+           +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **      
              |  +--------+                                 
              |  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **         
              |  |        +--+                              
              +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **      
                 |                                          
                 |  +----------- Sinanodonta_woodiana **       
                 +--+                                       
                    |  +-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **        
                    +--+                                    
                       |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **      
                       +--+                                 
                          |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **          
                          +--+                              
                             +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 7 10 21 17 6 3 
  +----------------------------- Cristaria            
  |                                                   
  |                       +----- Amuranodonta         
--+  +--------------------+                           
  |  |                    |  +-- Anemina              
  |  |                    +--+                        
  +--+                       +-- Buldowskia           
     |                                                
     |  +----------------------- Pletholophus         
     |  |                                             
     +--+  +-------------------- Beringiana           
        |  |                                          
        |  |                 +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
        +--+  +--------------+                        
           |  |              +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
           |  |                                       
           +--+  +-------------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
              |  |                                    
              |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
              +--+-----------+                        
                 |           +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **   
                 |                                    
                 |  +----------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
                    +--+                              
                       |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
                       +--+                           
                          |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
                          +--+                        
                             +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 10

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 6 10 4 2 1 6 
  +----------------- Beringiana           
  |                                       
  |              +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
--+  +-----------+                        
  |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
  |  |                                    
  +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
     |  |                                 
     |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
     |  +--------+                        
     +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **   
        |                                 
        |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
        |  |                              
        +--+-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
           |                              
           |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
              +--+                        
                 +-- Sinanodonta **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 7 10 3 2 2 7 
  +----------------------- Pletholophus         
  |                                             
--+  +-------------------- Cristaria            
  |  |                                          
  +--+                 +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
     |  +--------------+                        
     |  |              +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
        |  |                                    
        +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
           |  +--------+                        
           |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **   
           +--+                                 
              |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
              |  |                              
              +--+-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
                 |                              
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 6 10 112 14 6 4 
  +----------------------- Cristaria            
  |                                             
  |                 +----- Anemina              
  +-----------------+                           
  |                 |  +-- Amuranodonta         
--+                 +--+                        
  |                    +-- Buldowskia           
  |                                             
  |  +-------------------- Pletholophus         
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------------- Beringiana           
     |  |                                       
     |  |              +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
     +--+  +-----------+                        
        |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
        |  |                                    
        +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
           |  |                                 
           |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
           |  +--------+                        
           +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **   
              |                                 
              |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
              |  |                              
              +--+  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
                 |  |                           
                 +--+----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
                    |                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 10 8 8 4 2 
                    +----- Pletholophus         
  +-----------------+                           
  |                 |  +-- Cristaria            
  |                 +--+                        
  |                    +-- Buldowskia           
--+                                             
  |  +-------------------- Beringiana           
  |  |                                          
  |  |                 +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
  +--+  +--------------+                        
     |  |              +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
     |  |                                       
     +--+           +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
        |  +--------+                           
        |  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **   
        |  |        +--+                        
        +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
           |                                    
           |  +----------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
           +--+                                 
              |  +-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
              +--+                              
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica ** 
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 26 22 6 4 
                    +----- Amuranodonta         
  +-----------------+                           
  |                 |  +-- Anemina              
  |                 +--+                        
--+                    +-- Buldowskia           
  |                                             
  |  +-------------------- Cristaria            
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------------- Pletholophus         
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +-------------- Beringiana           
        |  |                                    
        |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
        +--+  +--------+                        
           |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
           |  |                                 
           +--+     +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
              |  +--+                           
              |  |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
              |  |  +--+                        
              +--+     +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica ** 
                 |                              
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 20 19 7 4 
  +----------------------- Pletholophus         
  |                                             
  |              +-------- Cristaria            
--+  +-----------+                              
  |  |           |  +----- Anemina              
  |  |           +--+                           
  |  |              |  +-- Amuranodonta         
  +--+              +--+                        
     |                 +-- Buldowskia           
     |                                          
     |  +----------------- Beringiana           
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +-------------- Mimo                 
        |  |                                    
        |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
        +--+  +--------+                        
           |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
           |  |                                 
           +--+     +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
              |  +--+                           
              |  |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
              |  |  +--+                        
              +--+     +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **   
                 |                              
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 23 19 6 4 
                    +----- Amuranodonta         
  +-----------------+                           
  |                 |  +-- Anemina              
  |                 +--+                        
--+                    +-- Buldowskia           
  |                                             
  |  +-------------------- Cristaria            
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------------- Pletholophus         
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +-------------- Beringiana           
        |  |                                    
        |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
        +--+  +--------+                        
           |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
           |  |                                 
           +--+     +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
              |  +--+                           
              |  |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
              |  |  +--+                        
              +--+     +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica ** 
                 |                              
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 8 23 19 6 4 
                    +----- Amuranodonta         
  +-----------------+                           
  |                 |  +-- Anemina              
  |                 +--+                        
--+                    +-- Buldowskia           
  |                                             
  |  +-------------------- Cristaria            
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------------- Pletholophus         
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +-------------- Beringiana           
        |  |                                    
        |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
        +--+  +--------+                        
           |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
           |  |                                 
           +--+     +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
              |  +--+                           
              |  |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
              |  |  +--+                        
              +--+     +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica ** 
                 |                              
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos **
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **

Bauer et al., 2021 [Publ 4365], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 4 7 1 1 1 6 
  +----------------- Anemina              
  |                                       
--+  +-------------- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
  |  |                                    
  +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
     |  |                                 
     +--+  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
        |  |                              
        +--+-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
           |                              
           |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica ** 
              +--+                        
                 +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 3 1 1 5 
  +-------------------- Anemina              
--+                                          
  |  +----------------- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
     +--+                                    
        |  +----------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
           +--+                              
              |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
              +--+                           
                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
                 +--+                        
                    +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Kondakov et al., 2018 [Publ 3914], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 1 1 1 5 
  +-------------------- Anemina              
--+                                          
  |  +----------------- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
     +--+                                    
        |  +----------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
           +--+                              
              |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
              +--+                           
                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica ** 
                 +--+                        
                    +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 6 8 3 1 1 12 
  +----------------------- Anemina                
--+                                               
  |  +-------------------- Sinanodonta_lucida **     
  +--+                                            
     |  +----------------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **  
     +--+                                         
        |  +-------------- Sinanodonta_woodiana__2 **
        +--+                                      
           |  +----------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **    
           +--+                                   
              |  +-------- Sinanodonta_elliptica **  
              +--+                                
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta **      
                 +--+                             
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana__1 **
                    +--+                          
                       +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 11 9 7 6 
  +----------------------- Cristaria            
  |                                             
  |                 +----- Amuranodonta         
--+  +--------------+                           
  |  |              |  +-- Anemina              
  |  |              +--+                        
  |  |                 +-- Buldowskia           
  +--+                                          
     |                 +-- Beringiana           
     |  +--------------+                        
     |  |              +-- Pletholophus         
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------------- Acudonta             
        |  |                                    
        +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
           |  |                                 
           +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
              |  +-----+                        
              |  |     +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **   
              +--+                              
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 59 9 7 6 
  +----------------------- Cristaria            
  |                                             
  |                 +----- Amuranodonta         
--+  +--------------+                           
  |  |              |  +-- Anemina              
  |  |              +--+                        
  |  |                 +-- Buldowskia           
  +--+                                          
     |                 +-- Beringiana           
     |  +--------------+                        
     |  |              +-- Pletholophus         
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------------- Acudonta             
        |  |                                    
        +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
           |  |                                 
           +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
              |  +-----+                        
              |  |     +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **   
              +--+                              
                 |  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
                    +--+                        
                       +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 39 2 2 8 
           +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
  +--------+                        
  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
--+                                 
  |  +-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
        +--+                        
           +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3732], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 5 7 2 0 0 11 
  +----------------- Sinanodonta_lucida **     
--+                                         
  |  +-------------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **  
  +--+                                      
     |  +----------- Sinanodonta_woodiana__2 **
     +--+                                   
        |  +-------- Sinanodonta_elliptica **  
        +--+                                
           |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta **      
           +--+                             
              |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana__1 **
              +--+                          
                 +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 193 3 3 6 
  +-------------------- Anemina              
  |                                          
--+  +----------------- Cristaria            
  |  |                                       
  +--+  +-------------- Pletholophus         
     |  |                                    
     +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
        |  +--------+                        
        |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
           +--+                              
              |  +----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
              +--+                           
                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
                 +--+                        
                    +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 195 3 3 6 
  +-------------------- Anemina              
  |                                          
--+  +----------------- Cristaria            
  |  |                                       
  +--+  +-------------- Pletholophus         
     |  |                                    
     +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
        |  +--------+                        
        |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
           +--+                              
              |  +----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
              +--+                           
                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
                 +--+                        
                    +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 5 7 41 2 2 11 
              +-- Sinanodonta_angula **     
  +-----------+                          
  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **     
--+                                      
  |  +----------- Sinanodonta_woodiana__2 **
  +--+                                   
     |  +-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **    
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **  
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana__1 **
           +--+                          
              +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 3 6 6 4 3 7 
  +-------------------- Anemina              
  |                                          
--+  +----------------- Cristaria            
  |  |                                       
  +--+  +-------------- Beringiana           
     |  |                                    
     +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
        |  |                                 
        +--+  +-------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
           |  |                              
           +--+  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
              |  |                           
              +--+  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
                 |  |                        
                 +--+-- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
                    |                        
                    +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 195 3 3 6 
  +-------------- Pletholophus         
  |                                    
--+           +-- Sinanodonta_angula **   
  |  +--------+                        
  |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
           +--+                        
              +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 49 2 2 8 
  +-------- Anemina              
  |                              
  +-------- Cristaria            
--+                              
  |     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
  |  +--+                        
  |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinanodonta_angula **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 64 7 5 8 
           +-- Pletholophus        
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Beringiana          
--+                                
  |  +-------- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
        +--+                       
           +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 64 7 5 8 
  +-------------- Pletholophus        
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Beringiana          
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **   
           +--+                       
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 4 6 8 8 4 11 
                 +----- Pletholophus            
  +--------------+                              
  |              |  +-- Cristaria               
  |              +--+                           
--+                 +-- Buldowskia              
  |                                             
  |  +----------------- Beringiana              
  +--+                                          
     |  +-------------- Sinanodonta_tumens **      
     +--+                                       
        |  +----------- Sinanodonta_calipygos__2 **
        +--+                                    
           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_calipygos__1 **
           +--+                                 
              |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__2 **    
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **    
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__1 **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 64 7 5 8 
           +-- Pletholophus        
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Beringiana          
--+                                
  |  +-------- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
        +--+                       
           +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Sayenko et al., 2017 [Publ 3760], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 1 1 1 9 
  +-------- Beringiana           
--+                              
  |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 51 3 3 9 
  +-------------- Cristaria           
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Anemina             
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Beringiana          
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
           +--+                       
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 50 3 3 9 
  +-------------- Cristaria           
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Anemina             
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Beringiana          
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
           +--+                       
              +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 30 6 4 11 
              +-- Cristaria           
  +-----------+                       
  |           +-- Buldowskia          
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Beringiana          
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Pletholophus        
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **   
           +--+                       
              +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 93 3 3 9 
           +-- Anemina             
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Cristaria           
--+                                
  |  +-------- Beringiana          
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
        +--+                       
           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 28 1 1 11 
  +-------- Anemina              
--+                              
  |  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 10 4 4 9 
  +----------------- Cristaria           
--+                                      
  |  +-------------- Anemina             
  +--+                                   
     |  +----------- Beringiana          
     +--+                                
        |  +-------- Mimo                
        +--+                             
           |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
           +--+                          
              |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
              +--+                       
                 +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 2 2 2 9 
  +----------- Buldowskia           
--+                                 
  |  +-------- Beringiana           
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
        +--+                        
           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 73 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cristaria          
--+                               
  |  +-------- Pletholophus       
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida ** 
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
        +--+                      
           +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 38 1 1 9 
  +-------- Anemina             
--+                             
  |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **

Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 4 4 9 9 2 2 30 
  +-------------- Cristaria               
  |                                       
  |  +----------- Sinanodonta_tumens **      
  |  |                                    
  |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__5 **    
  |  |        |                           
--+  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__6 **    
  |  |        |                           
  |  |        +-- Beringiana_japonica__15 
  |  |        |                           
  |  |        +-- Beringiana_japonica__16 
  |  |  +-----+                           
  |  |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__17 
  +--+  |     |                           
     |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__18 
     |  |     |                           
     |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__19 
     |  |     |                           
     |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__20 
     |  |                                 
     |  |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__1  
     |  |  |                              
     |  |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__2  
     |  |  |                              
     +--+  +----- Beringiana_japonica__3  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__4  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__5  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__1 **    
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__6  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__2 **    
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_calipygos__1 **
        |  |                              
        +--+----- Beringiana_japonica__7  
           |                              
           +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__4 **    
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__8  
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__9  
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__10 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__11 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__12 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__13 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__14 
           |                              
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__3 **    
           +--+                           
              +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos__2 **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 89 3 3 9 
  +-------------- Cristaria           
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Anemina             
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Beringiana          
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
           +--+                       
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 136 3 2 9 
  +----------- Cristaria          
--+                               
  |  +-------- Pletholophus       
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida ** 
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
        +--+                      
           +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 33 6 5 9 
           +----- Amuranodonta         
  +--------+                           
  |        |  +-- Anemina              
  |        +--+                        
--+           +-- Buldowskia           
  |                                    
  |  +----------- Cristaria            
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------- Beringiana           
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
           +--+                        
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 89 3 3 9 
  +-------------- Cristaria           
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Anemina             
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Beringiana          
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
           +--+                       
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 73 3 3 9 
  +-------------- Cristaria           
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Anemina             
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Beringiana          
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
           +--+                       
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 93 3 3 9 
  +-------------- Cristaria           
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Anemina             
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Beringiana          
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
           +--+                       
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 83 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cristaria           
--+                                
  |  +-------- Anemina             
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
        +--+                       
           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 73 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cristaria          
--+                               
  |  +-------- Pletholophus       
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida ** 
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **  
        +--+                      
           +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 136 3 2 9 
  +----------- Cristaria          
--+                               
  |  +-------- Pletholophus       
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida ** 
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **  
        +--+                      
           +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 1 1 1 9 
  +-------- Buldowskia           
--+                              
  |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 53 10 5 9 
           +----- Anemina              
  +--------+                           
  |        |  +-- Amuranodonta         
  |        +--+                        
--+           +-- Buldowskia           
  |                                    
  |  +----------- Cristaria            
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------- Beringiana           
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
           +--+                        
              +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 25 1 1 11 
  +-------- Beringiana           
--+                              
  |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 28 1 1 9 
  +-------- Anemina              
--+                              
  |  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica ** 
     +--+                        
        +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 17 0 3 122 3 2 24 
  +-- Alasmidonta          
  |                        
  +-- Anodonta_anatina     
  |                        
  +-- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                        
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana 
  |                        
  +-- Lasmigona            
  |                        
  +-- Pseudanodonta        
  |                        
  +-- Pyganodon            
  |                        
  +-- Simpsonaias          
  |                        
  +-- Strophitus           
--+                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
  |                        
  +-- Cristaria_plicata    
  |                        
  +-- Cristaria_radiata    
  |                        
  +-- Pletholophus         
  |                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
  |                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
  |                        
  +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola 
  |                        
  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1
  |                        
  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__2

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 2 4 1 1 1 12 
  +----------- Buldowskia             
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana__2 **
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana__1 **
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **      
        +--+                          
           +-- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 22 5 4 31 7 5 37 
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__1  
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2  
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__1   
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__2   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta **      
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_japonica    
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_beringiana  
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1 **  
--+                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2 **  
  |                             
  +----- Pletholophus           
  |                             
  +----- Anemina                
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata 
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__3   
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_angula **     
  |                             
  +----- Lepidodesma            
  |                             
  |  +-- Aculamprotula          
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Acuticosta             
  |                             
  |  +-- Cuneopsis              
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Nodularia              
  |                             
  |  +-- Schistodesmus          
  +--+                          
     +-- Inversiunio

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
--+                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 89 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Anemina             
--+                             
  |  +----- Cristaria           
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 54 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 78 3 3 -- 
  +----------- Cristaria          
--+                               
  |  +-------- Anemina            
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Pletholophus       
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
        +--+                      
           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 89 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Anemina             
--+                             
  |  +----- Cristaria           
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 4 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **   
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 17 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 40 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 4 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 13 2 2 -- 
  +----- Anemina             
--+                          
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
  +--+                       
     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana ** 
--+                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 5 3 1 -- 
  +----- Cristaria           
--+                          
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
  +--+                       
     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 17 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Anemina             
--+                             
  |  +----- Cristaria           
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 21 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 36 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 7 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 19 6 4 -- 
           +-- Cristaria         
  +--------+                     
  |        +-- Buldowskia        
--+                              
  |  +-------- Pletholophus      
  +--+                           
     |  +----- Beringiana        
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **
        +--+                     
           +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **   
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 86 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 81 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria          
--+                            
  |  +----- Pletholophus       
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
     +--+                      
        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 52 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 11 1 1 -- 
  +----- Anemina              
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica **
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 37 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 9 7 3 -- 
        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **   
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                             
  |  +----- Amuranodonta        
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Anemina             
     +--+                       
        +-- Buldowskia

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 38 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 4 1 -- 
  +----- Beringiana          
--+                          
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
  +--+                       
     +-- Sinanodonta_tumens **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 67 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 47 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 12 1 1 -- 
  +----- Anemina             
--+                          
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
  +--+                       
     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 7 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 37 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 44 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 46 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 21 1 1 -- 
  +----- Cristaria           
--+                          
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
  +--+                       
     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 30 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 72 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria           
--+                             
  |  +----- Anemina             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 1 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Cristaria

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria           
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria         
--+                        
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **
  +--+                     
     +-- Anemina

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 5 5 -- 
  +----- Pletholophus        
--+                          
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
  +--+                       
     +-- Beringiana

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 2 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria           
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Cristaria

Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta **
--+                       
  |  +-- Pletholophus     
  +--+                    
     +-- Beringiana

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                          
  |  +-- Anemina             
  +--+                       
     +-- Cristaria

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 5 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria          
--+                         
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
  +--+                      
     +-- Pletholophus

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Cristaria

Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 1 1 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria           
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 41 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Cristaria

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 3 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristaria         
--+                           
  |  +----- Anemina           
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Beringiana        
     +--+                     
        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Nagel et al., 1996 [Publ 3400], fig. 351

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria         
--+                        
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **
  +--+                     
     +-- Anemina

Klishko et al., 2016 [Publ 3733], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria           
--+                          
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
  +--+                       
     +-- Beringiana

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria            
--+                           
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_schrenkii **
  +--+                        
     +-- Pletholophus

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 5 5 -- 
  +----------- Cristaria          
  |                               
--+        +-- Anemina            
  |  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Amuranodonta       
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Pletholophus       
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
        +--+                      
           +-- Beringiana

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 5 5 -- 
  +----------- Cristaria          
  |                               
--+        +-- Anemina            
  |  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Amuranodonta       
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Pletholophus       
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
        +--+                      
           +-- Beringiana

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 1 1 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Cristaria

Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 1 1 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_lauta **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria          
--+                         
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
  +--+                      
     +-- Pletholophus

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                          
  |  +-- Anemina             
  +--+                       
     +-- Cristaria

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 1 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria           
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 1 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria           
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 5 5 -- 
  +----- Pletholophus        
--+                          
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
  +--+                       
     +-- Beringiana

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Cristaria

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria           
--+                          
  |  +-- Anemina             
  +--+                       
     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                       
  +-- Anemina

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 1 1 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 5 5 -- 
  +----- Pletholophus       
--+                         
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
  +--+                      
     +-- Beringiana

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 1 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 1 1 -- 
  +-- Beringiana          
--+                       
  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 2 2 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
--+                          
  |  +-- Anemina             
  +--+                       
     +-- Cristaria

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 1 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Klishko et al., 2014 [Publ 3666], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 3 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria           
--+                          
  |  +-- Beringiana          
  +--+                       
     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria           
--+                          
  |  +-- Anemina             
  +--+                       
     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 5 5 -- 
        +-- Anemina            
  +-----+                      
  |     +-- Amuranodonta       
--+                            
  |  +----- Pletholophus       
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
     +--+                      
        +-- Beringiana

Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 20 2 2 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_lucida **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cristaria           
--+                          
  |  +-- Anemina             
  +--+                       
     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **