Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Margaritiferidae | Margaritiferinae

genus Margaritifera Schumacher, 1815: cladomics

7 Recent valid species (23 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 7 (23 total)
analyzed in 224 cladograms in 131 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 7 (mean = 2.21, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 111
maximum number of included terminals = 7, (mean = 3.44 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.95

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Margaritifera cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Margaritifera cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 3

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 6 2 8 4 2 2 0 
  +-------- Margaritifera_margaritifera **  
  |                                      
  |  +----- Cumberlandia                 
--+  |                                   
  |  |  +-- Pseudunio                    
  |  |  |                                
  +--+  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **       
     |  |                                
     |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi__1 **
     |  |                                
     |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi__2 **
     +--+                                
        +-- Margaritifera_falcata__1 **     
        |                                
        +-- Margaritifera_falcata__2 **     
        |                                
        +-- Margaritifera_falcata__3 **     
        |                                
        +-- Margaritifera_falcata__4 **

Lyubas et al., 2019 [Publ 3963], fig. 10

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 9 6 2 11 
                 +-- Cumberlandia               
  +--------------+                              
  |              +-- Pseudunio                  
  |                                             
--+              +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  |  +-----------+                              
  |  |           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--+                                          
     |  +----------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **    
              +--+                              
                 +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 4 7 194 4 2 11 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
  |                                       
  +----------- Pseudunio                  
  |                                       
--+        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |  +-----+                              
  |  |     +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  |  |                                    
  +--+  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
     |  |                                 
     |  |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+--+                              
        |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        |                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4455], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 19 4 2 11 
  +----------------- Cumberlandia               
  |                                             
--+              +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |  +-----------+                              
  |  |           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                                          
     |  +----------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
              +--+                              
                 +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 22 3 2 11 
                 +-- Cumberlandia               
  +--------------+                              
  |              +-- Pseudunio                  
  |                                             
--+              +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  |  +-----------+                              
  |  |           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--+                                          
     |  +----------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
              +--+                              
                 +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 192 4 2 11 
              +-- Cumberlandia               
  +-----------+                              
  |           +-- Pseudunio                  
  |                                          
--+           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |  +--------+                              
  |  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     |  |                                    
     +--+     +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
        |  +--+                              
        |  |  +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **    
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Araujo et al., 2016 [Publ 3746], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 4 3 2 11 
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--------+                              
  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  |  |                                    
  +--+     +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
     |  +--+                              
     |  |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **    
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 21 4 2 11 
                 +-- Cumberlandia               
  +--------------+                              
  |              +-- Pseudunio                  
  |                                             
--+              +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  |  +-----------+                              
  |  |           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--+                                          
     |  +----------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
              +--+                              
                 +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 61 3 2 11 
           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--------+                              
  |        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  |  |                                    
  +--+     +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
     |  +--+                              
     |  |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 3 7 194 4 2 10 
  +-------------- Cumberlandia               
  |                                          
--+  +----------- Pseudunio                  
  |  |                                       
  |  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+  |                                    
     |  |     +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
     |  +-----+                              
     +--+     +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
        |                                    
        |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        |  |                                 
        +--+----- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
           |                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 21 4 2 11 
              +-- Cumberlandia               
  +-----------+                              
  |           +-- Pseudunio                  
  |                                          
--+           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |  +--------+                              
  |  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     |  |                                    
     +--+     +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        |  +--+                              
        |  |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 27 3 2 11 
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--------+                              
  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  |  |                                    
  +--+     +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
     |  +--+                              
     |  |  +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 27 3 2 11 
              +-- Cumberlandia               
  +-----------+                              
  |           +-- Pseudunio                  
  |                                          
--+           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |  +--------+                              
  |  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     |  |                                    
     +--+     +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
        |  +--+                              
        |  |  +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **    
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 61 3 2 11 
              +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +-----------+                              
  |           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                          
  |  +----------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Araujo et al., 2016 [Publ 3746], fig. 1_2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 6 3 2 11 
              +-- Cumberlandia               
  +-----------+                              
  |           +-- Pseudunio                  
  |                                          
--+           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |  +--------+                              
  |  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     |  |                                    
     +--+     +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        |  +--+                              
        |  |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **    
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 61 3 2 11 
              +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +-----------+                              
  |           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                                          
  |  +----------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **      
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 8 5 7 3 2 2 11 
  +----------- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  |                                       
  |     +----- Margaritifera_dahurica__1 **  
  |     |                                 
  +-----+----- Margaritifera_dahurica__2 **  
--+     |                                 
  |     |  +-- Pseudunio                  
  |     +--+                              
  |        +-- Cumberlandia               
  |                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 133 3 2 11 
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--------+                              
  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 133 3 2 11 
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--------+                              
  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 70 3 2 11 
  +-------------- Pseudunio                  
  |                                          
--+           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  |  +--------+                              
  |  |        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 70 3 2 11 
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--------+                              
  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_marrianae **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_laevis **

Takeuchi et al., 2015 [Publ 3661], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 4 2 2 11 
  +----------------- Pseudunio_auricularius__1  
  |                                             
  +----------------- Pseudunio_auricularius__2  
--+                                             
  |  +-------------- Cumberlandia               
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
              +--+                              
                 +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 24 3 2 11 
           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--------+                              
  |        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **    
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Vikhrev et al., 2018 [Publ 3812], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 7 4 2 11 
              +-- Cumberlandia               
  +-----------+                              
  |           +-- Pseudunio                  
  |                                          
--+           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  |  +--------+                              
  |  |        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 24 3 2 11 
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  +--------+                              
  |        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis **       
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 4 3 2 10 
  +-------------- Cumberlandia               
  |                                          
--+  +----------- Pseudunio                  
  |  |                                       
  +--+        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
     |  +-----+                              
     |  |     +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 7 2 2 10 
           +-- Pseudunio                  
  +--------+                              
  |        +-- Cumberlandia               
  |                                       
--+        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |  +-----+                              
  |  |     +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 7 3 7 7 2 2 9 
  +-------- Margaritifera_dahurica **        
  |                                       
  +-------- Margaritifera_margaritifera__1 **
  |                                       
  +-------- Margaritifera_margaritifera__2 **
  |                                       
--+-------- Margaritifera_margaritifera__3 **
  |                                       
  |     +-- Pseudunio                     
  +-----+                                 
  |     +-- Cumberlandia                  
  |                                       
  |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **         
  +--+                                    
     |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **    
     +--+                                 
        +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Takeuchi et al., 2015 [Publ 3661], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 5 3 2 10 
  +----------------- Pseudunio_marocanus        
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Pseudunio_auricularius     
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------- Cumberlandia               
     |  |                                       
     +--+        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
              +--+                              
                 +-- Margaritifera_laevis **

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 4 3 2 10 
  +-------------- Cumberlandia               
  |                                          
--+  +----------- Pseudunio                  
  |  |                                       
  +--+        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
     |  +-----+                              
     |  |     +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
     +--+                                    
        |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
           +--+                              
              +-- Margaritifera_laevis **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 6 2 2 10 
  +----------- Pseudunio                  
  |                                       
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |        +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |  +-----+                              
  |  |     +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 5 0 4 114 0 0 10 
  +-- Gibbosula                  
  |                              
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |                              
--+-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  |                              
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
  |                              
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 32 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
  |                                       
--+  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  |  |                                    
  +--+     +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
     |  +--+                              
     |  |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 87 2 2 10 
        +-- Pseudunio                  
  +-----+                              
  |     +-- Cumberlandia               
  |                                    
--+     +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
  |  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
     +--+                              
        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2395], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 4 3 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
  |                                       
--+  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  |  |                                    
  +--+     +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
     |  +--+                              
     |  |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 87 2 2 10 
        +-- Cumberlandia               
  +-----+                              
  |     +-- Pseudunio                  
  |                                    
--+     +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi ** 
  |  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
     +--+                              
        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 0 4 32 0 0 9 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
  |                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **       
  |                              
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 71 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 53 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 38 3 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 7 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 13 0 0 9 
  +----- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                 
  |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                              
     +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 35 1 1 9 
  +-------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                    
  |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **    
     +--+                              
        +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 85 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 66 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 34 1 1 9 
  +-------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                    
  |  +----- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                                 
     |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                              
        +-- Margaritifera_marrianae **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 83 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 39 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 71 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 93 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 71 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 38 3 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 93 2 2 9 
  +----------- Cumberlandia               
--+                                       
  |  +-------- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata **      
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Mock et al., 2013 [Publ 3598], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 0 0 0 9 
  +----- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                 
  |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
  +--+                              
     +-- Margaritifera_laevis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 90 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 35 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 35 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **
--+                         
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 32 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 25 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 30 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pseudunio             
--+                            
  |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata ** 
  +--+                         
     +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 9 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 17

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 4 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 37 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **
--+                         
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 3 12 1 1 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia               
  |                                 
--+  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  |  |                              
  +--+-- Margaritifera_dahurica__1 **  
     |                              
     +-- Margaritifera_dahurica__2 **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pseudunio             
--+                            
  |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **
  +--+                         
     +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 5 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 25 1 1 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia               
--+                                 
  |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                              
     +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 35 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 31 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 120 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 21 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 90 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **  
--+                         
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 31 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 16

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 15 0 3 14 0 0 20 
  +-------------------- Margaritifera_margaritifera__2 **
  |                                                   
  |                 +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera__1 **
  |  +--------------+                                 
--+  |              +-- Margaritifera_falcata **         
  |  |                                                
  |  |              +-- Lasmigona                     
  |  |           +--+                                 
  +--+           |  +-- Platynaias                    
     |  +--------+                                    
     |  |        |  +-- Pyganodon                     
     |  |        +--+                                 
     |  |           +-- Utterbackia                   
     +--+                                             
        |        +----- Fusconaia                     
        |  +-----+                                    
        |  |     |  +-- Pronodularia                  
        |  |     +--+                                 
        +--+        +-- Sinosolenaia                  
           |                                          
           |  +-------- Quadrula                      
           +--+                                       
              |  +----- Toxolasma                     
              +--+                                    
                 |  +-- Venustaconcha                 
                 +--+                                 
                    +-- Lampsilis

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 74 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 35 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 14 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **
--+                         
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 13

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 8 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 4 19 0 0 -- 
  +-------- Margaritifera_laevis__2 **   
--+                                   
  |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis__1 **   
  +--+                                
     |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **
     +--+                             
        +-- Margaritifera_laevis__3 **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata ** 
--+                         
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 20 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 35 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 51 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **
--+                         
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 46 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pseudunio             
--+                            
  |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata ** 
  +--+                         
     +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 35 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 4 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 17 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 12 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 14

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 4 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 36 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pseudunio             
--+                            
  |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata ** 
  +--+                         
     +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 47 1 1 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia          
--+                            
  |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata ** 
  +--+                         
     +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 17 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 42 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pseudunio             
--+                            
  |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **
  +--+                         
     +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 12

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 26 1 1 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia               
--+                                 
  |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                              
     +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 55 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 38 1 1 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia          
--+                            
  |  +-- Margaritifera_falcata ** 
  +--+                         
     +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **
--+                         
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 10

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 12 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 51 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 7 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_laevis **      
--+                             
  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 12 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **
--+                         
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 35 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **     
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 55 0 0 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_hembeli **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 44 1 1 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia          
--+                            
  |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica **
  +--+                         
     +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 20 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **      
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 2 -- 
  +----- Pseudunio                  
--+                                 
  |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                              
     +-- Cumberlandia

Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Pseudunio

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cumberlandia               
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_hembeli **

Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia               
--+                                 
  |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                              
     +-- Pseudunio

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia               
--+                                 
  |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
  +--+                              
     +-- Pseudunio

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 51 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **
--+                        
  +-- Cumberlandia

Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 25 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **
--+                        
  +-- Cumberlandia

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_hembeli **

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Lemer et al., 2019 [Publ 4093], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 101 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cumberlandia               
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **
--+                        
  +-- Cumberlandia

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cumberlandia               
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **
--+                        
  +-- Cumberlandia

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Douda et al., 2024 [Publ 4364], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_middendorffi **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_hembeli **

Välilä et al., 2017 [Publ 3793], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Pseudunio

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio                  
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **
--+                        
  +-- Cumberlandia

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_laevis **

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 28 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cumberlandia         
--+                        
  +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Giribet & Distel, 2003 [Publ 3670], fig. 3f5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 64 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cumberlandia               
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 79 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cumberlandia               
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Cumberlandia

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 2 2 -- 
  +----- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                                 
  |  +-- Pseudunio                  
  +--+                              
     +-- Cumberlandia

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cumberlandia               
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio                  
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3732], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 101 1 1 -- 
  +-- Cumberlandia               
--+                              
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **

Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 31 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Pseudunio

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **
--+                              
  +-- Pseudunio

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_margaritifera **

Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Margaritifera_dahurica **