Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini

subtribe ALASMIDONTINA Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics

17 genera

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 49 (53 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 17
analyzed in 219 cladograms in 132 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 37 (mean = 4.44, median = 3)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 15 (mean = 3.22, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 184
maximum number of included terminals = 37, (mean = 5.09 median = 4)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 15 (mean = 3.65, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.85

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 137
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 37 (mean = 5.49, median = 4)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 15 (mean = 3.96, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.8

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Alasmidontina cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Alasmidontina cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.950 33 33 34 15 3 3 1 **
Cladomics cladogram Anodonta Pseudanodonta Utterbackiana Alasminota Pseudodontoideus Lasmigona Pterosyna Arcidens Prolasmidonta Platynaias Ligodonta Alasmidonta Anodontoides Strophitus Sulcularia Pyganodon Utterbackia

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.913 33 33 34 14 8 8 2 27.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta cygnea Brachyanodon Pseudanodonta Anodonta anatina Utterbackia Pyganodon Utterbackiana Lasmigona Pseudodontoideus Pterosyna Arcidens Sulcularia Anodontoides Strophitus Prolasmidonta Platynaias Alasminota Alasmidonta

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 37 47 50 14 596 43 2 40.0
Cladomics cladogram Lepidodesma Lanceolaria Pseudoacuticosta retiaria 2 Acuticosta chinensis 2 Acuticosta chinensis 1 Pseudoacuticosta retiaria 1 Globunio ACULAMPROTULINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA UNIONINA OXYNAIINA Pseudodontoideus Lasmigona Pterosyna Arcidens ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon Utterbackiana Simpsonaias Alasminota Alasmidonta Prolasmidonta Platynaias Anodontoides Strophitus

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 27 27 26 12 1 1 1 23.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackiana Utterbackia Pyganodon Alasmidonta Arcidens Pseudodontoideus Alasminota Anodontoides Strophitus Sulcularia Platynaias Prolasmidonta

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 25 25 23 11 2 2 1 32.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Sulcularia Utterbackiana Alasminota Arcidens Pseudodontoideus Alasmidonta Platynaias Strophitus Pyganodon Utterbackia Anodontoides

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.500 16 20 0 10 89 4 2 42.0
Cladomics cladogram Alasmidonta marginata Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta undulata CRISTARIINA Brachyanodon kennerlyi Brachyanodon nuttalliana Brachyanodon oregonensis Arcidens confragosus Arcidens wheeleri Pterosyna Platynaias compressa Lasmigona Platynaias decorata Platynaias subviridis Pyganodon grandis Pyganodon lacustris Pseudodontoideus Strophitus Utterbackia imbecillis Utterbackia peninsularis 1 Utterbackia peninsularis 2 Gonidea Reginaia Amblema Popenaias Dromus Epioblasma Glebula Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis virescens Lemiox Obliquaria Obovaria olivaria Obovaria unicolor Plectomerus Potamilus alatus Potamilus capax Uniomerus QUADRULINA Elliptoideus Parvaspina Plethobasus Eurynia Hemistena Elliptio Pleuronaia Pleurobema cordatum Fusconaia Pleurobema plenum Pleurobema stabile Pleurobema pyriforme Pleurobema georgianum 2 Pleurobema athearni Pleurobema decisum Pleurobema georgianum 1 Pleurobema hanleyianum 1 Pleurobema hanleyianum 2 Pleurobema beadleianum 2 Pleurobema strodeanum 2 Pleurobema rubellum Pleurobema beadleianum 1 Pleurobema taitianum Pleurobema perovatum Pleurobema strodeanum 1 Pleurobema oviforme 6 Pleurobema clava 3 Pleurobema oviforme 5 Pleurobema clava 2 Pleurobema oviforme 2 Pleurobema oviforme 3 Pleurobema oviforme 4 Pleurobema clava 1 Pleurobema oviforme 1 Pleurobema riddellii Pleurobema sintoxia 34 Pleurobema sintoxia 31 Pleurobema sintoxia 32 Pleurobema sintoxia 33 Pleurobema 4 Pleurobema 5 Pleurobema sintoxia 2 Pleurobema sintoxia 3 Pleurobema 8 Pleurobema 9 Pleurobema 10 Pleurobema sintoxia 5 Pleurobema sintoxia 6 Pleurobema sintoxia 7 Pleurobema sintoxia 8 Pleurobema sintoxia 9 Pleurobema sintoxia 10 Pleurobema sintoxia 11 Pleurobema sintoxia 12 Pleurobema sintoxia 13 Pleurobema sintoxia 14 Pleurobema sintoxia 15 Pleurobema sintoxia 16 Pleurobema sintoxia 17 Pleurobema sintoxia 18 Pleurobema sintoxia 19 Pleurobema sintoxia 20 Pleurobema sintoxia 21 Pleurobema sintoxia 22 Pleurobema sintoxia 23 Pleurobema sintoxia 24 Pleurobema sintoxia 25 Pleurobema sintoxia 26 Pleurobema sintoxia 27 Pleurobema sintoxia 28 Pleurobema sintoxia 29 Pleurobema sintoxia 30 Pleurobema 6 Pleurobema sintoxia 1 Pleurobema 7 Pleurobema sintoxia 4 Pleurobema 3 Pleurobema 1 Pleurobema 2

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 9 9 6 9 29 0 0 39.0
Cladomics cladogram Strophitus Pterosyna Lasmigona Arcidens Utterbackia Alasmidonta Pyganodon Anodontoides Platynaias QUADRULINA Megalonaias Toxolasma Amblema Reginaia Obliquaria Pleurobema Elliptio Fusconaia Eurynia Potamilus Ellipsaria Truncilla Lampsilis cardium Ligumia Obovaria Epioblasma Lampsilis teres Lampsilis siliquoidea Ortmanniana Lampsilis higginsii

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 14 14 13 9 6 0 0 29.0
Cladomics cladogram Gonidea Pseudodontoideus Lasmigona Pterosyna Arcidens Strophitus Pyganodon Utterbackia Platynaias Alasmidonta

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.706 8 18 10 8 10 9 2 46.0
Cladomics cladogram Anodonta cygnea Pyganodon Alasminota Anodonta anatina UNIONINA CRISTARIINA Brachyanodon nuttalliana Brachyanodon californiensis Pseudodontoideus Alasmidonta Pterosyna Pseudanodonta Strophitus Prolasmidonta Platynaias Brachyanodon oregonensis 4 Brachyanodon oregonensis 3 Brachyanodon oregonensis 2 Brachyanodon oregonensis 1 Brachyanodon kennerlyi

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.917 9 10 5 8 24 1 1 32.0
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackiana Platynaias Alasmidonta Pterosyna Lasmigona Strophitus Utterbackia Pyganodon ANODONTINA Megalonaias QUADRULINA Elliptoideus Pleurobema Uniomerus Fusconaia Eurynia Amblema Toxolasma Plectomerus Obliquaria Ptychobranchus Potamilus fragilis Medionidus Villosa Ellipsaria Lampsilis teres Lampsilis siliquoidea Potamilus purpuratus Potamilus alatus

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 17 17 16 8 1 1 1 29.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Utterbackia Pyganodon Anodontoides Strophitus Alasmidonta Alasminota Pseudodontoideus Utterbackiana

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 10 7 28 3 2 38.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia Lasmigona Pterosyna Alasmidonta Strophitus Platynaias

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 10 7 27 1 1 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Pterosyna Lasmigona Strophitus Platynaias Alasmidonta Pyganodon Utterbackia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.824 7 11 4 6 194 13 2 39.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona Pseudanodonta Simpsonaias Strophitus Pyganodon Utterbackia Anodonta anatina Anodonta cygnea Brachyanodon

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.824 7 11 8 6 192 13 2 39.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona Anodonta anatina Anodonta cygnea Brachyanodon Pyganodon Utterbackia Pseudanodonta Simpsonaias Strophitus

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.706 7 48 25 6 194 13 2 75.0
Cladomics cladogram Chamberlainia Megalonaias Uniomerus QUADRULINA Sinohyriopsis INDOPSEUDODONTINA PSEUDODONTINA RECTIDENTINA CONTRADENTINA Lamprotula Potomida Pronodularia Sinosolenaia carinata Gonidea Leguminaia Microcondylaea Ptychorhynchus Parvasolenaia Koreosolenaia Sinosolenaia recognita Sinosolenaia iridinea Sinosolenaia oleivora Amblema Toxolasma Obliquaria Plectomerus Elliptoideus Elliptio Eurynia Fusconaia Pleurobema Ellipsaria Potamilus leptodon Medionidus Potamilus alatus Ptychobranchus Truncilla Venustaconcha Cambarunio Leaunio Ortmanniana Lampsilis Acuticosta Alasmidonta Anodonta anatina Anemina Anodonta cygnea Cristaria Brachyanodon Lasmigona Lepidodesma Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Simpsonaias Strophitus Utterbackia Schistodesmus UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Lanceolaria Pletholophus Sinanodonta Cuneopsis celtiformis Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis rufescens Nodularia Cuneopsis szechenyii Cuneopsis heudei

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 6 88 11 2 37.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia Alasmidonta Platynaias Prolasmidonta Pterosyna

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.882 7 7 5 6 88 11 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Brachyanodon Pseudanodonta Anodonta cygnea Anodonta exulcerata Anodonta anatina Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.941 7 7 5 6 84 11 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Pseudanodonta Anodonta Brachyanodon Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.941 7 7 5 6 84 11 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Brachyanodon Pseudanodonta Anodonta Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.941 7 7 5 6 46 11 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Brachyanodon Pseudanodonta Anodonta Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.941 7 7 5 6 68 11 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Pseudanodonta Anodonta Brachyanodon Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.941 7 7 5 6 45 11 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Brachyanodon Pseudanodonta Anodonta Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Platynaias Alasmidonta

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.950 7 7 5 6 57 19 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 8 8 6 6 132 9 2 36.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta cygnea Anodonta exulcerata Anodonta anatina Brachyanodon Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.950 7 7 5 6 88 19 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4825], fig. 6B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.950 7 7 5 6 58 18 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Utterbackia Pterosyna Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.818 13 15 13 6 2 2 1 44.0
Cladomics cladogram Pterosyna Platynaias Lasmigona Utterbackia Pyganodon Anodonta Brachyanodon Utterbackiana

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.545 13 15 2 6 2 2 1 45.0
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon fragilis Utterbackia imbecillis Utterbackia peggyae Anodonta Brachyanodon Utterbackiana couperiana 1 Utterbackiana couperiana 2 Utterbackiana suborbiculata Lasmigona Utterbackiana implicata Pterosyna Platynaias Pyganodon cataracta Pyganodon gibbosa Pyganodon grandis Pyganodon lacustris

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.818 13 15 13 6 2 2 1 44.0
Cladomics cladogram Pterosyna Platynaias Lasmigona Utterbackia Pyganodon Anodonta Brachyanodon Utterbackiana

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.818 14 16 10 6 2 2 1 42.0
Cladomics cladogram Platynaias Lasmigona Pterosyna Anodonta Brachyanodon Utterbackiana Utterbackia Pyganodon

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.818 14 16 13 6 2 2 1 44.0
Cladomics cladogram Lasmigona Platynaias Pterosyna Utterbackia Pyganodon Anodonta Brachyanodon Utterbackiana

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 9 9 7 6 0 0 0 35.0
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Lasmigona Pterosyna Strophitus Prolasmidonta Platynaias

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 2 6 29 0 0 34.0
Cladomics cladogram Alasmidonta Pyganodon Pterosyna Lasmigona Platynaias Strophitus Reginaia Megalonaias QUADRULINA Fusconaia Pleurobema Eurynia Elliptio Amblema Toxolasma Obliquaria Obovaria Lampsilis cardium Potamilus Epioblasma Lampsilis siliquoidea Ortmanniana Lampsilis higginsii Ligumia Lampsilis teres Ellipsaria Truncilla

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 3 6 3 0 0 33.0
Cladomics cladogram Fusconaia Pleurobema Pyganodon Platynaias Strophitus Lasmigona Arcidens Pterosyna

Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 10 10 9 6 6 0 0 39.0
Cladomics cladogram Toxolasma Alasmidonta Pterosyna Strophitus Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.938 5 5 3 5 76 9 2 37.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Simpsonaias Strophitus Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.867 5 5 3 5 134 10 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta anatina Pseudanodonta Anodonta cygnea Brachyanodon Lasmigona Alasmidonta Simpsonaias Pyganodon Strophitus

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.800 5 5 1 5 134 10 2 36.0
Cladomics cladogram Anodonta anatina Pseudanodonta Anodonta cygnea Brachyanodon Pyganodon Simpsonaias Strophitus Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.533 5 18 0 5 120 10 2 48.0
Cladomics cladogram Unio crassus Unio pictorum Unio tumidus ACULAMPROTULINA Cuneopsis szechenyii Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis rufescens Nodularia douglasiae Nodularia nuxpersicae Schistodesmus Alasmidonta Anodonta anatina Anodonta cygnea Brachyanodon Lasmigona Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Simpsonaias Strophitus Sinanodonta lauta Cristaria plicata Cristaria radiata Pletholophus Sinanodonta lucida Sinanodonta jourdyi Lanceolaria gladiola Lanceolaria grayii Lanceolaria danzhouensis

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 5 77 5 2 37.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Simpsonaias Strophitus Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.895 5 5 1 5 117 28 2 36.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Pseudanodonta Anodonta cygnea Anodonta anatina Brachyanodon Pyganodon Simpsonaias Strophitus Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 6 6 4 5 63 13 2 32.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia Alasmidonta Prolasmidonta Platynaias

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 6 6 4 5 63 13 2 32.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia Alasmidonta Platynaias Prolasmidonta

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 6 6 4 5 63 13 2 32.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia Alasmidonta Prolasmidonta Platynaias

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.692 6 34 32 5 28 5 2 63.0
Cladomics cladogram Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Anemina PSEUDODONTINA Lamprotula caveata Chamberlainia OXYNAIINA Lepidodesma ACULAMPROTULINA Platynaias Utterbackia imbecillis Pyganodon Sinanodonta Cristaria ANODONTINA Utterbackia peninsularis Potamilus alatus Lamprotula leaii Sinohyriopsis Parvasolenaia Sinosolenaia Gibbosula QUADRULINA Toxolasma Lampsilis ornata Potamilus leptodon Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis powellii

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.846 7 7 5 5 66 6 2 33.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta cygnea Anodonta anatina Pyganodon Utterbackia Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.846 7 7 5 5 66 6 2 33.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta cygnea Anodonta anatina Pyganodon Utterbackia Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Platynaias

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.846 6 6 4 5 62 6 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta cygnea Anodonta anatina Pyganodon Utterbackia Prolasmidonta Platynaias Alasmidonta

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 5 71 9 2 37.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Simpsonaias Strophitus Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.933 5 5 3 5 71 9 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona Pyganodon Strophitus Simpsonaias

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.889 5 6 4 5 23 1 1 39.0
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackia Utterbackiana ANODONTINA Strophitus Lasmigona Alasmidonta Megalonaias QUADRULINA Elliptoideus Uniomerus Eurynia Pleurobema Amblema Plectomerus Obliquaria Medionidus Ptychobranchus Potamilus fragilis Potamilus purpuratus Ellipsaria Villosa Lampsilis

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 5 29 2 1 38.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Utterbackiana Utterbackia Strophitus Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.800 5 14 5 5 29 2 1 46.0
Cladomics cladogram Strophitus Schistodesmus Lepidodesma Acuticosta CRISTARIINA Lanceolaria Nodularia Tchangsinaia Utterbackia Utterbackiana Alasmidonta Lasmigona Ptychorhynchus Sinohyriopsis Lamprotula Sinosolenaia Megalonaias Elliptoideus Uniomerus Pleurobema Potamilus fragilis Medionidus Amblema Obliquaria Plectomerus Villosa Ellipsaria Lampsilis Potamilus purpuratus Ptychobranchus

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 4 5 21 0 0 39.0
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackia Utterbackiana Strophitus Lasmigona Alasmidonta Megalonaias QUADRULINA Elliptoideus Eurynia Pleurobema Uniomerus Amblema Plectomerus Obliquaria Potamilus fragilis Ptychobranchus Medionidus Potamilus purpuratus Lampsilis Ellipsaria Villosa

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 3 5 0 0 0 32.0
Cladomics cladogram Pterosyna Lasmigona Prolasmidonta Strophitus Platynaias

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 5 5 2 4 48 8 2 36.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta cygnea Anodonta anatina Strophitus Platynaias Alasmidonta Pyganodon

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 4 35 6 2 33.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Prolasmidonta Alasmidonta Pyganodon Utterbackia

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 4 50 6 2 32.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia Alasmidonta Prolasmidonta

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 4 25 1 1 35.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona Strophitus Pyganodon

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 4 25 1 1 35.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona Strophitus Pyganodon

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.778 4 5 3 4 98 2 1 35.0
Cladomics cladogram Brachyanodon Anodonta Alasminota Pyganodon Lasmigona Pseudodontoideus

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.889 4 6 3 4 98 2 1 35.0
Cladomics cladogram Sinohyriopsis Pyganodon Lasmigona Pseudodontoideus Alasminota ANODONTINA

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.625 4 4 1 4 21 2 1 33.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Lasmigona Strophitus Alasmidonta Pyganodon

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 4 43 0 0 32.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Lasmigona Alasmidonta Pyganodon Strophitus

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 4 43 0 0 32.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Lasmigona Alasmidonta Strophitus Pyganodon

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 4 42 0 0 32.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Lasmigona Alasmidonta Strophitus Pyganodon

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 4 42 0 0 32.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Lasmigona Alasmidonta Strophitus Pyganodon

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 4 11 0 0 35.0
Cladomics cladogram Lasmigona Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia Fusconaia Pronodularia Sinosolenaia QUADRULINA Toxolasma Venustaconcha Lampsilis

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 27 5 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.900 5 5 3 3 20 3 2 33.0
Cladomics cladogram Sinanodonta Cristaria ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 3 20 3 2 33.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 28 5 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 19 6 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 38 5 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 34 5 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.818 4 4 2 3 52 6 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta cygnea Anodonta anatina Lasmigona Pyganodon Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 42 5 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 40 5 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pterosyna Pyganodon Utterbackia

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 40 5 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pterosyna Pyganodon Utterbackia

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 3 36 2 2 33.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 3 36 2 2 33.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.846 4 4 2 3 15 9 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta anatina Pseudanodonta Anodonta exulcerata Anodonta cygnea Brachyanodon Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 44 5 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 44 5 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 3 6 4 3 88 7 2 36.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Lasmigona Anodonta Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Strophitus

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 3 5 3 3 88 7 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta cygnea Lasmigona Anodonta anatina Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Strophitus

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 34 6 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 69 6 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 50 4 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 50 4 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 83 6 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 81 7 2 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 28 2 1 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Strophitus Platynaias Pyganodon

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 12 2 1 34.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 4 4 2 3 16 2 1 34.0
Cladomics cladogram Sinanodonta Cristaria Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 3 4 1 3 7 1 1 36.0
Cladomics cladogram Pronodularia Sinosolenaia Pyganodon Lasmigona CRISTARIINA Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 20 1 1 33.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Lasmigona Strophitus Pyganodon

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 21 1 1 33.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Lasmigona Strophitus Pyganodon

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 3 4 2 3 21 1 1 34.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA OXYNAIINA Lasmigona ANODONTINA Pyganodon Strophitus

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.800 7 7 2 3 1 0 0 37.0
Cladomics cladogram Amblema Pyganodon grandis Pyganodon cataracta Pyganodon fragilis Pyganodon Platynaias Arcidens

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 8 0 0 34.0
Cladomics cladogram Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia Pronodularia Sinosolenaia QUADRULINA Toxolasma Venustaconcha

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 8 0 0 34.0
Cladomics cladogram Platynaias Pyganodon Utterbackia Toxolasma Venustaconcha QUADRULINA Pronodularia Sinosolenaia

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.900 3 3 1 2 18 4 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram Sinanodonta Anemina Cristaria ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.778 2 12 0 2 12 4 2 44.0
Cladomics cladogram Margaritifera ANODONTINA Utterbackia OXYNAIINA Pyganodon CRISTARIINA Sinosolenaia QUADRULINA Potamilus Lampsilis

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 15 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 5 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Platynaias

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 2 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 18 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 8 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 5 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Platynaias

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.900 3 3 1 2 19 4 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram Sinanodonta Anemina Cristaria ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 21 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 17 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 17 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 20 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 20 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackia Pyganodon ANODONTINA CRISTARIINA

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 2 27 4 2 35.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 21 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 16 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 2 2 0 2 39 8 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 39 8 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 51 5 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Utterbackia

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 2 2 0 2 42 8 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 2 2 0 2 42 8 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 39 8 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 2 2 0 2 39 8 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Alasmidonta Lasmigona

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 34 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 34 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 45 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.500 3 17 0 2 19 1 1 50.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Gonidea Pyganodon grandis Utterbackia Pyganodon cataracta Lampsilis straminea Lampsilis teres Megalonaias Obliquaria Theliderma Quadrula Uniomerus Amblema Elliptio Fusconaia Plectomerus Pleurobema UNIONINA

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.500 3 17 0 2 19 1 1 50.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Gonidea Pyganodon grandis Utterbackia Pyganodon cataracta Lampsilis straminea Lampsilis teres Megalonaias Obliquaria Theliderma Quadrula Uniomerus Amblema Elliptio Fusconaia Plectomerus ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 32 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Strophitus Pyganodon

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 2 3 0 2 29 1 1 35.0
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon ANODONTINA Strophitus Mutela Anodontites guanarensis Anodontites trigona Monocondylaea Diplodon Echyridella Lortiella Castalia Velesunio

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Strophitus Pyganodon

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon Strophitus

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 2 3 0 2 29 1 1 35.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Pyganodon ANODONTINA Strophitus

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon Strophitus

Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 2 2 0 2 11 3 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Anodonta Pseudanodonta Platynaias Pyganodon

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 10 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 6 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 7 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 11 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 11 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 8 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 4 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 5 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 5 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 16 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon Alasmidonta

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 9 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 9 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia Pyganodon

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 18 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 39 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Pyganodon Utterbackia

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.250 3 10 0 2 16 0 0 43.0
Cladomics cladogram Elliptio Fusconaia Plectomerus Pleurobema UNIONINA Pyganodon cataracta Pyganodon grandis Utterbackia Lampsilis teres Lampsilis straminea Megalonaias Obliquaria Theliderma Quadrula Uniomerus

Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 4 2 0 0 0 39.0
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackia Pyganodon

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 16 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Alasmidonta Pyganodon

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 3 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Lasmigona Pyganodon Lampsilis Fusconaia

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 2 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Lasmigona Pyganodon Lampsilis Fusconaia

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 10 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackiana Pyganodon QUADRULINA Plectomerus Amblema Potamilus Glebula Leaunio Lampsilis

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 34 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Pyganodon Lasmigona

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 34 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Pyganodon Lasmigona

Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson, 2012 [Publ 3375], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 2 3 0 0 33.0
Cladomics cladogram Lampsilis Lasmigona Platynaias

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 4 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Utterbackia Sinosolenaia Pronodularia QUADRULINA Venustaconcha

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 38 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Pyganodon Lasmigona

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 6 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Sinosolenaia Pronodularia Utterbackia Pyganodon Venustaconcha QUADRULINA

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 6 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Sinosolenaia Pronodularia Utterbackia Pyganodon Venustaconcha QUADRULINA

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 5 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Venustaconcha Pyganodon Utterbackia

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 5 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackia Pyganodon Pronodularia Sinosolenaia

Smith et al., 2023 [Publ 4291], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 2 0 0 0 29.0
Cladomics cladogram Anodontoides Strophitus

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 3 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 3 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 1 1 0 1 17 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon ANODONTINA

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 56 3 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 56 3 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 36 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 38 5 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.900 2 2 0 1 17 7 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Platynaias ANODONTINA

Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.667 2 2 0 1 26 11 2 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Anodonta exulcerata Anodonta cygnea Brachyanodon californiensis Brachyanodon nuttalliana Brachyanodon kennerlyi Brachyanodon oregonensis Anodonta anatina Utterbackiana

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 13 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 13 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 13 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 3 1 1 1 1 38.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 3 1 1 1 1 38.0
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 6 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon CRISTARIINA

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.800 1 1 0 1 7 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Lampsilis Venustaconcha QUADRULINA Lamprotula Sinohyriopsis

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 1 1 0 1 14 4 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Cristaria Platynaias Anemina Sinanodonta

Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.800 1 1 0 1 5 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Lampsilis Pyganodon QUADRULINA

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 9 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Utterbackia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 27 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 28 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 25 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Pyganodon

Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 2 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Fusconaia Pyganodon

Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 4 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackia Megalonaias Amblema

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 16 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Lampsilis

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 10 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Pyganodon

Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 13 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram QUADRULINA Utterbackiana

Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 2 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackia Elliptio

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 7 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Fusconaia Cyrtonaias Ortmanniana Lampsilis Potamilus Ligumia

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 7 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Fusconaia Potamilus Cyrtonaias Ligumia Lampsilis Ortmanniana

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 3 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackiana Lampsilis

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 3 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackiana QUADRULINA

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 10 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Margaritifera

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 34 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Cumberlandia Pseudunio Margaritifera Gonidea PSEUDODONTINA Cyrtonaias Fusconaia Potamilus Lampsilis Ligumia Ortmanniana

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 12 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Fusconaia Potamilus Cyrtonaias Ligumia Lampsilis Ortmanniana

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 55 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Amblema Popenaias Pleurobema Eurynia Pleuronaia Fusconaia Cyrtonaias Glebula Paetulunio Obliquaria Toxolasma Sagittunio Potamilus Medionidus conradicus Ptychobranchus Medionidus acutissimus Lemiox Dromus Cyprogenia Lampsilis teres Truncilla Ellipsaria Leaunio Hamiota Lampsilis fasciola Ortmanniana pectorosa Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis cardium Venustaconcha Obovaria Epioblasma Lampsilis siliquoidea Ortmanniana ligamentina Cambarunio Ligumia

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 56 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Cumberlandia Pleuronaia Pleurobema Fusconaia Hemistena Eurynia Amblema Popenaias Paetulunio Toxolasma Obliquaria Glebula Cyrtonaias Ptychobranchus Dromus Cyprogenia Medionidus conradicus Medionidus acutissimus Lemiox Sagittunio Potamilus Truncilla Ellipsaria Ortmanniana pectorosa Lampsilis fasciola Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis cardium Ligumia Cambarunio Lampsilis teres Hamiota Leaunio Ortmanniana ligamentina Lampsilis siliquoidea Obovaria olivaria Venustaconcha Epioblasma Obovaria unicolor Obovaria subrotunda Obovaria arkansasensis

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 1 1 0 0 38.0
Cladomics cladogram Lampsilis Pyganodon

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 1 0 0 0 38.0
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 16 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Gonidea Pyganodon Eurynia QUADRULINA Paetulunio Amblema Reginaia Lampsilis Leaunio Obovaria Villosa Cambarunio

Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 4 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Lampsilis Epioblasma Venustaconcha

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 8 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Cumberlandia Pseudunio Margaritifera

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 13 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon UNIONINA

Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 37 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Utterbackiana Amblema Reginaia Cyrtonaias Glebula Lampsilis Leaunio Truncilla Potamilus Elliptoideus Uniomerus QUADRULINA Elliptio Parvaspina Plethobasus Hemistena Eurynia Fusconaia Pleurobema riddellii Pleurobema sintoxia Pleurobema cordatum Pleuronaia Pleurobema pyriforme Pleurobema strodeanum Pleurobema clava

Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 19 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Arcidens QUADRULINA Eurynia Pleurobema Fusconaia

Metzger et al., 2018 [Publ 3952], fig. 1C

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 2 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Lasmigona Elliptio Lampsilis

Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 9 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon Fusconaia Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis fasciola Epioblasma Lampsilis radiata Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium 1 Lampsilis ovata 1 Lampsilis cardium 6 Lampsilis cardium 5 Lampsilis cardium 2 Lampsilis ovata 2 Lampsilis cardium 3 Lampsilis cardium 4

Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 1 0 0 0 37.0
Cladomics cladogram Pyganodon

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 41 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Arcidens QUADRULINA Parvaspina Eurynia Hemistena Pleurobema Pleuronaia Fusconaia Amblema Reginaia Toxolasma Potamilus Ellipsaria Truncilla Leaunio Lampsilis bracteata Lampsilis fasciola Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis cariosa Lampsilis cardium 3 Lampsilis cardium 2 Lampsilis satura Lampsilis cardium 1 Lampsilis higginsii Ortmanniana Lampsilis teres Lampsilis radiata Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis bergmanni Lampsilis hydiana Lampsilis virescens Lampsilis straminea

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 40 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Arcidens QUADRULINA Reginaia Parvaspina Eurynia Hemistena Pleurobema Pleuronaia Fusconaia Amblema Toxolasma Ellipsaria Truncilla Potamilus Leaunio Lampsilis bracteata Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis fasciola Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis cardium 3 Lampsilis cardium 2 Lampsilis satura Lampsilis cardium 1 Lampsilis teres Lampsilis higginsii Ortmanniana Lampsilis radiata Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis hydiana Lampsilis bergmanni Lampsilis virescens Lampsilis straminea