Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae

tribe ANODONTINI Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics

3 subtribes, 1 genus

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 98 (119 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: subtribe) = 4
analyzed in 354 cladograms in 200 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 79 (mean = 6.9, median = 4)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) = 3 (mean = 1.81, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 303
maximum number of included terminals = 79, (mean = 7.89 median = 5)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) = 3 (mean = 1.94, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.86

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 142
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (subtribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 79 (mean = 9.15, median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) = 3 (mean = 2.62, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.77

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Anodontini cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Anodontini cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 39 32 3 35 26 4 0 
                 +-- Anemina **       
  +--------------+                 
  |              +-- Amuranodonta **  
  |                                
  |           +----- Parreysiini   
  +-----------+                    
  |           |  +-- Coelaturini   
  |           +--+                 
--+              +-- Indochinellini
  |                                
  |           +----- Pletholophus **  
  |  +--------+                    
  |  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta **   
  |  |        +--+                 
  |  |           +-- Beringiana **    
  +--+                             
     |  +----------- Cristaria **     
     |  |                          
     |  |        +-- Alasmidontina ** 
     +--+--------+                 
        |        +-- Anodontina **    
        |                          
        |  +-------- Lanceolariini 
        +--+                       
           |  +----- Lepidodesmini 
           +--+                    
              |  +-- Acuticostini  
              +--+                 
                 +-- Unionini

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
79 158 168 3 552 78 4 162 
                                +----- Amuranodonta **                
  +-----------------------------+                                  
  |                             |  +-- Anemina **                     
  |                             +--+                               
  |                                +-- Buldowskia **                  
  |                                                                
  |                                +-- Beringiana **                  
  |                          +-----+                               
  |                          |     +-- Pletholophus **                
--+  +-----------------------+                                     
  |  |                       |  +----- Mimo **                        
  |  |                       +--+                                  
  |  |                          |  +-- Acudonta **                    
  |  |                          +--+                               
  |  |                             +-- Sinanodonta **                 
  |  |                                                             
  |  |  +----------------------------- Cristaria **                   
  +--+  |                                                          
     |  |           +----------------- Lepidodesmini               
     |  |           |                                              
     |  |           |     +----------- Lanceolariini               
     |  |           |  +--+                                        
     |  |  +--------+  |  |  +-------- Pseudoacuticosta_retiaria__2
     |  |  |        |  |  +--+                                     
     |  |  |        |  |     |  +----- Acuticosta_chinensis__2     
     +--+  |        |  |     +--+                                  
        |  |        +--+        |  +-- Acuticosta_chinensis__1     
        |  |           |        +--+                               
        |  |           |           +-- Pseudoacuticosta_retiaria__1
        |  |           |                                           
        |  |           |  +----------- Globunio                    
        |  |           +--+                                        
        |  |              |  +-------- Aculamprotulina             
        |  |              +--+                                     
        +--+                 |  +----- Middendorffinaiina          
           |                 +--+                                  
           |                    |  +-- Unionina                    
           |                    +--+                               
           |                       +-- Oxynaiina                   
           |                                                       
           |                 +-------- Pseudodontoideus **            
           |  +--------------+                                     
           |  |              |  +----- Lasmigona **                   
           |  |              +--+                                  
           |  |                 |  +-- Pterosyna **                   
           |  |                 +--+                               
           +--+                    +-- Arcidens **                    
              |                                                    
              |  +-------------------- Anodontina **                  
              |  |                                                 
              |  |     +-------------- Utterbackia **                 
              |  |  +--+                                           
              +--+  |  |  +----------- Pyganodon_grandis **           
                 |  |  +--+                                        
                 |  |     |  +-------- Pyganodon_lacustris **         
                 |  |     +--+                                     
                 |  |        |  +----- Pyganodon_cataracta__2 **      
                 +--+        +--+                                  
                    |           |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta__1 **      
                    |           +--+                               
                    |              +-- Lampsilini                  
                    |                                              
                    |  +-------------- Utterbackiana **               
                    |  |                                           
                    +--+  +----------- Simpsonaias **                 
                       |  |                                        
                       |  |        +-- Alasminota **                  
                       +--+  +-----+                               
                          |  |     +-- Alasmidonta **                 
                          |  |                                     
                          +--+     +-- Prolasmidonta **               
                             |  +--+                               
                             |  |  +-- Platynaias **                  
                             +--+                                  
                                |  +-- Anodontoides **                
                                +--+                               
                                   +-- Strophitus **

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
41 41 42 3 0 0 0 74 
  +----------- Cristariina **     
  |                            
--+  +-------- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
  |  |                         
  +--+     +-- Brachyanodon **    
     |  +--+                   
     |  |  +-- Pseudanodonta **   
     +--+                      
        |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **
        +--+                   
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
36 36 37 2 0 0 0 69 
  +----- Anodonta **     
--+                   
  |  +-- Pseudanodonta **
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
33 33 25 3 89 38 4 56 
  +----------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                  
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |                                  
--+----------------- Unionini        
  |                                  
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini   
  |  |                               
  +--+  +----------- Cristariina **     
     |  |                            
     +--+  +-------- Pseudanodonta **   
        |  |                         
        +--+-------- Alasmidontina **   
           |                         
           |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **
              +--+                   
                 +-- Brachyanodon **

Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4805], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
33 33 31 1 1 1 1 66 
  +-- Unionini   
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
33 33 31 1 2 2 1 64 
  +-- Unionini   
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
30 30 29 1 4 0 0 57 
1

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
28 28 25 2 3 1 1 58 
  +----- Unionini   
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina ** 
  +--+              
     +-- Cristariina **

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
28 28 27 2 0 0 0 63 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
27 27 25 1 1 0 0 58 
1

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
27 27 24 1 4 0 0 54 
1

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
27 27 25 1 4 0 0 54 
1

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
27 27 25 2 0 0 0 63 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
26 26 24 3 39 37 3 58 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Unionini     
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Acuticostini 
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Cristariina **  
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Anodonta **     
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Pseudanodonta **
              +--+                
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
25 25 24 3 70 40 4 58 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+  +-------------- Unionini     
  |  |                            
  +--+           +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +--------+                
     |  |        +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Cristariina **  
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Anodonta **     
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Pseudanodonta **
              +--+                
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20 20 13 3 180 27 4 49 
  +-------------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                     
--+  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |  |                                  
  |  +----------------- Unionini        
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------------- Lanceolariini   
     |  |                               
     |  |  +----------- Cristariina **     
     +--+  |                            
        |  |  +-------- Alasmidonta **     
        |  |  |                         
        +--+  +-------- Lasmigona **       
           |  |                         
           |  +-------- Pseudanodonta **   
           |  |                         
           |  +-------- Simpsonaias **     
           +--+                         
              +-------- Strophitus **      
              |                         
              |     +-- Pyganodon **       
              +-----+                   
              |     +-- Utterbackia **     
              |                         
              |  +----- Anodonta_anatina **
              +--+                      
                 |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Brachyanodon **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20 20 17 3 178 26 4 48 
  +-------------------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                           
--+  +----------------------- Unionini        
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini   
     |  |                                     
     +--+  +----------------- Lanceolariini   
        |  |                                  
        |  |  +-------------- Cristariina **     
        +--+  |                               
           |  |           +-- Alasmidonta **     
           |  |  +--------+                   
           +--+  |        +-- Lasmigona **       
              |  |                            
              |  |     +----- Anodonta_anatina **
              |  +-----+                      
              |  |     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
              +--+     +--+                   
                 |        +-- Brachyanodon **    
                 |                            
                 |        +-- Pyganodon **       
                 |  +-----+                   
                 |  |     +-- Utterbackia **     
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Pseudanodonta **   
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Simpsonaias **     
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Strophitus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20 47 24 3 180 27 4 56 
  +-------- Acuticostini         
  |                              
  +-------- Alasmidonta **          
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina **     
  |                              
  +-------- Anemina **              
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_cygnea **      
  |                              
  +-------- Cristaria **            
  |                              
  +-------- Brachyanodon **         
  |                              
  +-------- Lasmigona **            
  |                              
  +-------- Lepidodesmini        
  |                              
  +-------- Pseudanodonta **        
  |                              
  +-------- Pyganodon **            
  |                              
--+-------- Simpsonaias **          
  |                              
  +-------- Strophitus **           
  |                              
  +-------- Utterbackia **          
  |                              
  +-------- Lanceolariini        
  |                              
  +-------- Schistodesmus        
  |                              
  +-------- Unionina             
  |                              
  +-------- Aculamprotulina      
  |                              
  |     +-- Pletholophus **         
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Sinanodonta **          
  |                              
  |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
  |  |                           
  |  +----- Tchangsinaia         
  |  |                           
  +--+----- Cuneopsis_rufescens  
     |                           
     +----- Nodularia            
     |                           
     |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii 
     +--+                        
        +-- Cuneopsis_heudei

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20 20 0 3 85 0 0 54 
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **      
  |                              
  +-- Prolasmidonta **              
  |                              
  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata **       
  |                              
  +-- Cristariina **                
  |                              
  +-- Brachyanodon_kennerlyi **     
  |                              
  +-- Brachyanodon_nuttalliana **   
  |                              
  +-- Brachyanodon_oregonensis **   
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_confragosus **       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri **          
  |                              
  +-- Pterosyna **                  
  |                              
--+-- Platynaias_compressa **       
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona **                  
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_decorata **        
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_subviridis **      
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **        
  |                              
  +-- Pseudodontoideus **           
  |                              
  +-- Strophitus **                 
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19 35 37 3 49 16 3 52 
                 +-- Anemina **      
  +--------------+                
  |              +-- Buldowskia **   
  |                               
--+           +----- Sinanodonta **  
  |  +--------+                   
  |  |        |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
  |  |        +--+                
  +--+           +-- Beringiana **   
     |                            
     |  +----------- Cristaria **    
     |  |                         
     +--+        +-- Anodontina **   
        |  +-----+                
        |  |     +-- Alasmidontina **
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Lanceolariini
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Lepidodesmini
              +--+                
                 +-- Unionini

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19 35 36 3 49 16 3 50 
                 +-- Anemina **      
  +--------------+                
  |              +-- Buldowskia **   
  |                               
--+           +----- Pletholophus ** 
  |  +--------+                   
  |  |        |  +-- Beringiana **   
  |  |        +--+                
  +--+           +-- Sinanodonta **  
     |                            
     |  +----------- Cristaria **    
     |  |                         
     +--+        +-- Anodontina **   
        |  +-----+                
        |  |     +-- Alasmidontina **
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Lanceolariini
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Lepidodesmini
              +--+                
                 +-- Unionini

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19 35 37 3 49 16 3 54 
                 +-- Anemina **      
  +--------------+                
  |              +-- Buldowskia **   
  |                               
--+           +----- Sinanodonta **  
  |  +--------+                   
  |  |        |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
  |  |        +--+                
  +--+           +-- Beringiana **   
     |                            
     |  +----------- Cristaria **    
     |  |                         
     +--+        +-- Anodontina **   
        |  +-----+                
        |  |     +-- Alasmidontina **
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Lepidodesmini
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Lanceolariini
              +--+                
                 +-- Unionini

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 14 3 78 29 4 51 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini      
  |                                        
--+  +----------------- Unionini           
  |  |                                     
  +--+              +-- Acuticostini       
     |  +-----------+                      
     |  |           +-- Lanceolariini      
     +--+                                  
        |  +----------- Cristariina **        
        |  |                               
        +--+  +-------- Brachyanodon **       
           |  |                            
           |  +-------- Pseudanodonta **      
           +--+                            
              |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea **    
              |  |                         
              +--+----- Alasmidontina **      
                 |                         
                 |  +-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
                 +--+                      
                    +-- Anodonta_anatina **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 16 3 35 33 1 49 
  +-------------- Unionini     
--+                            
  |  +----------- Cristariina **  
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Brachyanodon ** 
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Alasmidontina **
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Pseudanodonta **
           +--+                
              +-- Anodonta **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 16 3 74 29 4 49 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+  +-------------- Unionini     
  |  |                            
  +--+           +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +--------+                
     |  |        +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Cristariina **  
        |  |                      
        +--+     +-- Pseudanodonta **
           |  +--+                
           |  |  +-- Anodonta **     
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Brachyanodon ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 16 3 36 34 3 49 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                                  
  |  +----------------- Unionini     
  +--+                               
     |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Cristariina **  
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Brachyanodon ** 
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Alasmidontina **
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Pseudanodonta **
                 +--+                
                    +-- Anodonta **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 16 3 78 29 4 49 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                            
--+  +----------- Unionini     
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 16 1 0 0 0 52 
1

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 16 3 74 29 4 49 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                                  
--+  +----------------- Unionini     
  |  |                               
  +--+              +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +-----------+                
     |  |           +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Cristariina **  
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Brachyanodon ** 
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Alasmidontina **
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Pseudanodonta **
                 +--+                
                    +-- Anodonta **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 16 3 58 54 3 49 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+  +-------------- Unionini     
  |  |                            
  +--+  +----------- Lanceolariini
     |  |                         
     +--+  +-------- Cristariina **  
        |  |                      
        +--+     +-- Pseudanodonta **
           |  +--+                
           |  |  +-- Anodonta **     
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Brachyanodon ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 17 2 0 0 0 54 
  +-- Cristariina **  
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
17 18 10 3 1 1 1 49 
  +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea **            
  |                                             
  +----------------- Pyganodon **                  
  |                                             
  +----------------- Alasminota **                 
  |                                             
  +----------------- Anodonta_anatina **           
  |                                             
  +----------------- Unionini                   
  |                                             
  +----------------- Cristariina **                
  |                                             
  |              +-- Brachyanodon_nuttalliana **   
--+--------------+                              
  |              +-- Brachyanodon_californiensis **
  |                                             
  |              +-- Pseudodontoideus **           
  |              |                              
  +--------------+-- Alasmidonta **                
  |              |                              
  |              +-- Pterosyna **                  
  |                                             
  |  +-------------- Pseudanodonta **              
  |  |                                          
  |  |        +----- Strophitus **                 
  |  +--------+                                 
  +--+        |  +-- Prolasmidonta **              
     |        +--+                              
     |           +-- Platynaias **                 
     |                                          
     |  +----------- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__4 **
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__3 **
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__2 **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__1 **
              +--+                              
                 +-- Brachyanodon_kennerlyi **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
17 17 15 3 124 52 4 51 
  +-------------------------- Lepidodesmini      
  |                                              
--+  +----------------------- Unionini           
  |  |                                           
  +--+  +-------------------- Lanceolariini      
     |  |                                        
     +--+  +----------------- Acuticostini       
        |  |                                     
        +--+  +-------------- Cristariina **        
           |  |                                  
           +--+           +-- Anodonta_cygnea **    
              |  +--------+                      
              |  |        +-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------- Anodonta_anatina **   
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----- Alasmidontina **      
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-- Brachyanodon **       
                       +--+                      
                          +-- Pseudanodonta **

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 13 2 0 0 0 52 
           +-- Lasmigona **    
           |                
  +--------+-- Platynaias **   
  |        |                
  |        +-- Pterosyna **    
--+                         
  |        +-- Utterbackia **  
  |  +-----+                
  |  |     +-- Pyganodon **    
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodonta **     
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Brachyanodon ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Utterbackiana **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 14 2 40 17 4 45 
  +----------- Unionini     
  |                         
--+        +-- Lepidodesmini
  |  +-----+                
  |  |     +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Acuticostini 
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Cristariina **

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 10 2 0 0 0 52 
           +-- Platynaias **   
           |                
  +--------+-- Lasmigona **    
  |        |                
  |        +-- Pterosyna **    
--+                         
  |  +-------- Anodonta **     
  |  |                      
  +--+     +-- Brachyanodon ** 
     |  +--+                
     |  |  +-- Utterbackiana **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Utterbackia **  
        +--+                
           +-- Pyganodon **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 17 0 3 109 12 2 46 
  +----- Unionini             
  |                           
  |  +-- Alasmidonta **          
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **     
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea **      
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Brachyanodon **         
--+  |                        
  |  +-- Lasmigona **            
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Pseudanodonta **        
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Pyganodon **            
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Simpsonaias **          
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Strophitus **           
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
     |                        
     +-- Cristaria_plicata **    
     |                        
     +-- Cristaria_radiata **    
     |                        
     +-- Pletholophus **         
     |                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
     |                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
     |                        
     +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola 
     |                        
     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1
     |                        
     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__2

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 15 2 2 0 0 0 51 
  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis **         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_peggyae **        
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta **                   
  |                                 
  +----- Brachyanodon **               
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__1 **
  |                                 
--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__2 **
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **
  |                                 
  |  +-- Lasmigona **                  
  +--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackiana_implicata **    
  |                                 
  |  +-- Pterosyna **                  
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Platynaias **                 
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **        
  +--+                              
     +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 15 13 2 0 0 0 51 
           +-- Pterosyna **    
           |                
  +--------+-- Platynaias **   
  |        |                
  |        +-- Lasmigona **    
--+                         
  |        +-- Utterbackia **  
  |  +-----+                
  |  |     +-- Pyganodon **    
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodonta **     
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Brachyanodon ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Utterbackiana **

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 15 13 1 2 2 1 48 
  +-- Unionini   
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 17 10 3 123 12 2 44 
  +----------- Unionini        
  |                            
--+  +-------- Lanceolariini   
  |  |                         
  |  +-------- Cristariina **     
  +--+                         
     |  +----- Anodonta_anatina **
     |  |                      
     |  +----- Pseudanodonta **   
     +--+                      
        +----- Alasmidontina **   
        |                      
        |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
        +--+                   
           +-- Brachyanodon **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 15 13 2 0 0 0 51 
           +-- Pterosyna **    
           |                
  +--------+-- Platynaias **   
  |        |                
  |        +-- Lasmigona **    
--+                         
  |        +-- Utterbackia **  
  |  +-----+                
  |  |     +-- Pyganodon **    
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodonta **     
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Brachyanodon ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Utterbackiana **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 15 13 3 123 12 2 45 
  +-------------------- Unionini        
--+                                     
  |  +----------------- Lanceolariini   
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------------- Cristariina **     
     +--+                               
        |  +----------- Anodonta_anatina **
        +--+                            
           |  +-------- Alasmidontina **   
           +--+                         
              |  +----- Pseudanodonta **   
              +--+                      
                 |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Brachyanodon **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 3 62 12 2 42 
  +----------- Unionini     
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristariina **  
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 13 1 6 0 0 49 
1

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 13 3 25 2 1 45 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 3 62 12 2 42 
  +----------- Unionini     
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristariina **  
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 11 3 66 14 2 42 
  +----------- Unionini     
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristariina **  
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 9 3 40 20 4 45 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |                               
  +-------------- Unionini        
--+                               
  |           +-- Acuticostini    
  |  +--------+                   
  |  |        +-- Lanceolariini   
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Cristariina **     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **
           +--+                   
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 61 21 4 47 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |                                  
--+  +-------------- Unionini        
  |  |                               
  +--+           +-- Acuticostini    
     |  +--------+                   
     |  |        +-- Lanceolariini   
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Cristariina **     
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **
              +--+                   
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 6 4 2 47 
                 +-- Lanceolariini      
  +--------------+                      
  |              +-- Unionini           
--+                                     
  |  +-------------- Cristariina **        
  |  |                                  
  +--+  +----------- Anodonta_anatina **   
     |  |                               
     +--+        +-- Brachyanodon **       
        |  +-----+                      
        |  |     +-- Alasmidontina **      
        +--+                            
           |  +----- Pseudanodonta **      
           +--+                         
              |  +-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
              +--+                      
                 +-- Anodonta_cygnea **

Douda et al., 2024 [Publ 4364], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 12 1 1 0 0 48 
1

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 61 21 4 47 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |                                  
--+  +-------------- Unionini        
  |  |                               
  +--+           +-- Acuticostini    
     |  +--------+                   
     |  |        +-- Lanceolariini   
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Cristariina **     
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **
              +--+                   
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 15 0 0 46 
  +-------------- Cristariina **                
  |                                          
  |           +-- Anodonta_exulcerata **        
--+  +--------+                              
  |  |        +-- Anodonta_cygnea **            
  |  |                                       
  +--+        +-- Brachyanodon_californiensis **
     |  +-----+                              
     |  |     +-- Brachyanodon_nuttalliana **   
     |  |                                    
     +--+     +-- Brachyanodon_kennerlyi **     
        |  +--+                              
        |  |  +-- Brachyanodon_oregonensis **   
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **           
           +--+                              
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 12 1 0 0 0 47 
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 10

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 8 1 2 0 0 47 
1

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 3 57 21 4 46 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |                                  
--+  +-------------- Unionini        
  |  |                               
  +--+           +-- Acuticostini    
     |  +--------+                   
     |  |        +-- Lanceolariini   
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Cristariina **     
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **
              +--+                   
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 9 1 1 0 0 49 
1

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 9 2 0 0 0 45 
  +-- Anodontina ** 
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 2 24 7 2 41 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Cristariina **

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 11 2 26 0 0 45 
  +-- Cristariina **  
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 34 32 3 23 4 2 67 
                       +----- Prolasmidonta **           
                    +--+                              
                    |  |  +-- Alasmidonta **             
                    |  +--+                           
  +-----------------+     +-- Anemina **                 
  |                 |                                 
  |                 |  +----- Pseudodontini           
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata      
  |                    +--+                           
  |                       +-- Chamberlainia           
  |                                                   
  |                    +----- Oxynaiina               
  |              +-----+                              
  |              |     |  +-- Lepidodesmini           
--+              |     +--+                           
  |              |        +-- Aculamprotulina         
  |  +-----------+                                    
  |  |           |     +----- Platynaias **              
  |  |           |  +--+                              
  |  |           |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |  |           |  |  +--+                           
  |  |           +--+     +-- Pyganodon **               
  |  |              |                                 
  |  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta **             
  |  |              +--+                              
  |  |                 |  +-- Cristaria **               
  +--+                 +--+                           
     |                    +-- Anodontina **              
     |                                                
     |                    +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     |              +-----+                           
     |              |     +-- Potamilus_alatus        
     |  +-----------+                                 
     |  |           |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii        
     |  |           +--+                              
     |  |              |  +-- Sinohyriopsis           
     +--+              +--+                           
        |                 +-- Gonideini               
        |                                             
        |  +----------------- Gibbosula               
        +--+                                          
           |  +-------------- Quadrulini              
           +--+                                       
              |  +----------- Toxolasma               
              +--+                                    
                 |  +-------- Lampsilis_ornata        
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +----- Potamilus_leptodon      
                    +--+                              
                       |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea   
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 3 29 15 4 45 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                            
--+  +----------- Unionini     
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 3 75 33 4 45 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Unionini     
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Acuticostini 
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Cristariina **  
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Anodontina **   
              +--+                
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 72 7 2 40 
  +----------- Unionini     
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristariina **  
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 64 26 4 44 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                            
--+  +----------- Unionini     
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 46 16 4 43 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini   
--+                                     
  |  +----------------- Unionini        
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------------- Lanceolariini   
     +--+                               
        |  +----------- Acuticostini    
        +--+                            
           |  +-------- Cristariina **     
           +--+                         
              |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
              +--+                      
                 |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Alasmidontina **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 36 30 3 35 26 4 13 
              +-- Anemina **               
  +-----------+                         
  |           +-- Amuranodonta **          
  |                                     
  |        +----- Pletholophus **          
--+  +-----+                            
  |  |     |  +-- Sinanodonta **           
  |  |     +--+                         
  |  |        +-- Beringiana **            
  +--+                                  
     |        +-- Alasmidontina **         
     |  +-----+                         
     |  |     +-- Anodontina **            
     |  |                               
     +--+  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
        |  |                            
        |  +----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
        |  |                            
        +--+----- Cristaria **             
           |                            
           |  +-- Acuticostini          
           |  |                         
           +--+-- Lepidodesmini         
              |                         
              +-- Unionini

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 13 13 3 44 
     +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
  |  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  |  +--+                
--+     +-- Alasmidontina **
  |                      
  |  +----- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                
        +-- Unionini

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 13 11 3 31 22 4 34 
  +-------------------- Unionini     
  |                                  
--+  +----------------- Acuticostini 
  |  |                               
  |  |              +-- Alasmidontina **
  +--+  +-----------+                
     |  |           +-- Anodontina **   
     |  |                            
     |  |        +----- Lepidodesmini
     +--+  +-----+                   
        |  |     |  +-- Cristaria **    
        |  |     +--+                
        |  |        +-- Lanceolariini
        +--+                         
           |        +-- Anemina **      
           |  +-----+                
           |  |     +-- Amuranodonta ** 
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Pletholophus ** 
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Sinanodonta **  
                 +--+                
                    +-- Beringiana **

Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 9 1 6 0 0 47 
1

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 81 16 4 41 
  +----------------------- Acuticostini 
  |                                     
--+                    +-- Lepidodesmini
  |  +-----------------+                
  |  |                 +-- Unionini     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----------------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                               
        |  +-------------- Cristariina **  
        +--+                            
           |  +----------- Lasmigona **    
           +--+                         
              |  +-------- Anodonta **     
              +--+                      
                 |  +----- Pseudanodonta **
                 +--+                   
                    |  +-- Pyganodon **    
                    +--+                
                       +-- Strophitus **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 31 22 4 34 
  +-------------------- Globunionina   
  |                                    
  |              +----- Aculamprotulina
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Unionina       
  |  |           +--+                  
  +--+              +-- Oxynaiina      
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Acuticostini   
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Lepidodesmini  
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Lanceolariini  
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Cristariina **    
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Alasmidontina **  
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Anodontina **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 81 16 4 43 
  +-------------------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                           
--+  +----------------------- Unionini        
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +-------------------- Lanceolariini   
     |  |                                     
     +--+  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
        |  |                                  
        +--+  +-------------- Cristariina **     
           |  |                               
           +--+  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
              |  |                            
              +--+        +-- Lasmigona **       
                 |  +-----+                   
                 |  |     +-- Anodonta_anatina **
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Pseudanodonta **   
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Pyganodon **       
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Strophitus **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 32 24 3 31 22 4 19 
           +-- Anemina **               
  +--------+                         
  |        +-- Amuranodonta **          
  |                                  
  |     +----- Pletholophus **          
--+  +--+                            
  |  |  |  +-- Sinanodonta **           
  |  |  +--+                         
  |  |     +-- Beringiana **            
  |  |                               
  +--+  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
     |  |                            
     |  +----- Acuticostini          
     |  |                            
     |  +----- Lepidodesmini         
     |  |                            
     +--+----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
        |                            
        +----- Cristaria **             
        |                            
        +----- Unionini              
        |                            
        |  +-- Alasmidontina **         
        +--+                         
           +-- Anodontina **

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 5 2 23 0 0 45.5 
  +----------- Utterbackiana **
  |                         
  +----------- Platynaias **   
  |                         
  +----------- Alasmidonta **  
--+                         
  |        +-- Pterosyna **    
  +--------+                
  |        +-- Lasmigona **    
  |                         
  |  +-------- Strophitus **   
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Utterbackia **  
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Pyganodon **    
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontina **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 22 5 1 24 12 4 52 
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__1  
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2  
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__1 **   
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__2 **   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta **      
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_japonica **    
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1 **
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_beringiana **  
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2 **
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3 **
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 ** 
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 ** 
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1 **  
--+                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2 **  
  |                             
  +----- Pletholophus **           
  |                             
  +----- Anemina **                
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata 
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__3 **   
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_angula **     
  |                             
  +----- Lepidodesmini          
  |                             
  |  +-- Aculamprotulina        
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Acuticostini           
  |                             
  |  +-- Cuneopsis              
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Nodularia              
  |                             
  |  +-- Schistodesmus          
  +--+                          
     +-- Inversiunio

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 31 22 4 34 
  +-------------- Acuticostini 
  |                            
--+  +----------- Lepidodesmini
  |  |                         
  +--+----------- Unionini     
     |                         
     |  +-------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Alasmidontina **
           +--+                
              +-- Anodontina **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 44 18 4 44 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Unionini     
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Acuticostini 
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Cristariina **  
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Anodontina **   
              +--+                
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 78 33 4 44 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                            
--+  +----------- Unionini     
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 3 29 29 4 44 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Unionini     
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Acuticostini 
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Cristariina **  
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Anodontina **   
              +--+                
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 40 18 4 43 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                            
--+  +----------- Unionini     
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 35 13 3 43 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                            
  |  +----------- Unionini     
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 6 1 29 0 0 44 
1

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 2 4 3 1 44 
  +----- Lanceolariini
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Cristariina **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 35 13 3 43 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                            
  |  +----------- Unionini     
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 29 12 3 43 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                            
  |  +----------- Unionini     
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 33 9 1 43 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 1 24 12 4 43 
  +-------------- Cristariina **  
  |                            
  |           +-- Tchangsinaia 
--+  +--------+                
  |  |        +-- Nodularia    
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Schistodesmus
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Acuticostini 
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Inversiunio  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Lepidodesmini
           +--+                
              +-- Lanceolariini

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 22 9 2 43 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 39 13 3 43 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                            
  |  +----------- Unionini     
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 1 2 0 0 42 
1

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 10 2 1 41 
  +-------- Lepidodesmini
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Alasmidontina **
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontina **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 37 17 4 43 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                            
--+  +----------- Unionini     
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 1 0 0 0 46 
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 23 9 2 43 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 33 38 1 39 25 4 58 
  +-------------- Anemina **      
  |                            
--+  +----------- Sinanodonta **  
  |  |                         
  +--+  +-------- Acuticostini 
     |  |                      
     +--+     +-- Lepidodesmini
        |  +--+                
        |  |  +-- Cristaria **    
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Lanceolariini
           +--+                
              +-- Unionini

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 3 17 2 1 40 
  +----------- Unionini     
--+                         
  |  +-------- Sinanodonta **  
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristaria **    
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 1 13 5 2 41 
  +----- Cristariina **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                
     +-- Unionini

Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 7 1 2 0 0 44 
1

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 3 17 2 1 42 
  +----------- Unionina       
--+                           
  |  +-------- Aculamprotulina
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Cristariina **    
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Anodontina **     
        +--+                  
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 31 29 1 37 23 4 51 
  +----------------- Anemina **        
  |                                 
--+  +-------------- Acuticostini   
  |  |                              
  +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta **    
     |  |                           
     +--+  +-------- Aculamprotulina
        |  |                        
        +--+     +-- Cristaria **      
           |  +--+                  
           |  |  +-- Lanceolariini  
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Lepidodesmini  
              +--+                  
                 +-- Oxynaiina

Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 1 2 0 0 43 
1

Kondakov et al., 2018 [Publ 3914], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 1 0 0 0 43 
1

Bauer et al., 2021 [Publ 4365], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 5 1 0 0 0 43 
1

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 2 1 1 0 0 45 
1

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 24 10 3 41 
  +----------- Unionini     
  |                         
--+        +-- Acuticostini 
  |  +-----+                
  |  |     +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristariina **  
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 46 21 4 41 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Unionini     
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Acuticostini 
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Cristariina **  
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Anodontina **   
              +--+                
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 2 27 7 4 41 
           +-- Cristariina **  
  +--------+                
  |        +-- Alasmidontina **
  |                         
--+     +----- Acuticostini 
  |  +--+                   
  |  |  |  +-- Nodularia    
  |  |  +--+                
  +--+     +-- Tchangsinaia 
     |                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Schistodesmus
        +--+                
           +-- Lepidodesmini

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 23 11 1 42 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 15 6 1 40 
  +-------------- Unionini     
--+                            
  |  +----------- Sinanodonta **  
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Anemina **      
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristaria **    
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 14 5 2 27 7 4 44 
  +-------- Strophitus **   
  |                      
  +-------- Schistodesmus
  |                      
  +-------- Lepidodesmini
  |                      
  +-------- Acuticostini 
  |                      
  +-------- Cristariina **  
--+                      
  +-------- Lanceolariini
  |                      
  |     +-- Nodularia    
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Tchangsinaia 
  |                      
  |  +----- Utterbackia **  
  |  |                   
  +--+----- Utterbackiana **
     |                   
     |  +-- Alasmidonta **  
     +--+                
        +-- Lasmigona **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 46 11 3 42 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                            
  |  +----------- Unionini     
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 34 6 2 41 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 4 1 0 0 0 45 
1

Smith et al., 2023 [Publ 4291], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 1 0 0 0 45 
1

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 24 10 2 41 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 34 6 2 41 
  +-------------- Aculamprotulina
  |                              
--+           +-- Oxynaiina      
  |  +--------+                  
  |  |        +-- Unionina       
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Lanceolariini  
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Cristariina **    
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Anodontina **     
           +--+                  
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 46 10 4 42 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                            
--+  +----------- Unionini     
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Acuticostini 
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristariina **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 14 5 1 40 
  +-------------- Unionini     
--+                            
  |  +----------- Sinanodonta **  
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Anemina **      
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Cristaria **    
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Anodontina **   
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 8 5 2 2 2 1 40 
  +-- Unionini   
  |              
--+-- Cristariina **
  |              
  +-- Anodontina **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 24 2 1 40 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 3 1 0 0 0 43 
1

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 1 1 0 0 41 
1

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 0 0 0 42 
  +-- Anodontina ** 
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 22 0 0 40.5 
     +----- Utterbackia **  
  +--+                   
  |  |  +-- Utterbackiana **
  |  +--+                
--+     +-- Anodontina **   
  |                      
  |  +----- Strophitus **   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lasmigona **    
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidonta **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 24 2 1 40 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 3 33 11 4 40 
        +----- Cristariina **    
  +-----+                     
  |     |  +-- Anodontina **     
  |     +--+                  
  |        +-- Alasmidontina **  
--+                           
  |        +-- Acuticostini   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                        
  +--+     +-- Lepidodesmini  
     |  +--+                  
     |  |  +-- Aculamprotulina
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Unionina       
        +--+                  
           +-- Oxynaiina

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 14 3 2 40 
        +-- Lepidodesmini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Sinanodonta **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Cristaria **    
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 2 1 29 0 0 41 
1

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 8 6 2 19 3 1 40.5 
  +-------------- Oxynaiina       
  |                               
--+  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
  |  |                            
  +--+  +-------- Unio_pictorum__2
     |  |                         
     +--+     +-- Unio_pictorum__1
        |  +--+                   
        |  |  +-- Unio_caffer     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Anodonta **        
           +--+                   
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 0 0 0 39 
  +-- Cristariina **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina **

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 3 1 3 0 0 43 
1

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 96 0 0 42 
  +----------- Brachyanodon **    
  |                            
--+        +-- Anodonta **        
  |  +-----+                   
  |  |     +-- Alasminota **      
  +--+                         
     |  +----- Pyganodon **       
     +--+                      
        |  +-- Lasmigona **       
        +--+                   
           +-- Pseudodontoideus **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 10 1 1 42 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Cristariina **  
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3732], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 5 1 2 0 0 44 
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 1 2 0 0 41 
1

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 12 10 3 8 1 1 48 
           +-- Anodontina ** 
  +--------+              
  |        +-- Utterbackia **
  |                       
--+     +----- Unionini   
  |  +--+                 
  |  |  |  +-- Pyganodon **  
  |  |  +--+              
  +--+     +-- Cristariina **
     |                    
     |  +----- Gonideini  
     +--+                 
        |  +-- Quadrulini 
        +--+              
           +-- Lampsilini

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 3 2 96 0 0 42 
  +----- Pyganodon **       
  |                      
  |  +-- Lasmigona **       
--+--+                   
  |  +-- Pseudodontoideus **
  |                      
  |  +-- Alasminota **      
  +--+                   
     +-- Anodontina **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 1 21 0 0 42 
1

Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 8 3 1 41 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Anodonta **     
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Pseudanodonta **
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 26 23 1 40 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 5 1 7 3 2 42 
  +-------- Cristariina **  
--+                      
  |  +----- Nodularia    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Inversiunio

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 26 6 2 41 
     +-- Cristariina **  
  +--+                
  |  +-- Alasmidontina **
--+                   
  |  +-- Acuticostini 
  +--+                
     +-- Unionini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 0 0 0 40 
1

Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 7 5 1 40 
  +----- Unionini   
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristariina **
  +--+              
     +-- Anodontina **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 9 7 2 4 4 1 40 
  +----- Cristariina **
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina ** 
  +--+              
     +-- Unionini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 9 5 2 4 4 1 43 
  +----- Anodonta_anatina **
  |                      
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
--+                      
  +----- Pseudanodonta **   
  |                      
  |  +-- Cristariina **     
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionini

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 4 2 0 0 0 42 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 2 0 0 40 
1

Nagel et al., 1996 [Publ 3400], fig. 351

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 4 2 0 0 0 40 
  +-------------- Pseudanodonta **   
--+                               
  |  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Cristariina **     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Anodonta__2 **     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **
           +--+                   
              +-- Anodonta__1 **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 11 0 0 42 
1

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 4 2 0 0 0 40 
  +-------------- Pseudanodonta **   
--+                               
  |  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Cristariina **     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Anodonta__2 **     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Anodonta_anatina **
           +--+                   
              +-- Anodonta__1 **

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 18 11 3 13 4 2 52 
  +----------- Cristariina **    
  |                           
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                        
--+  +-------- Anodonta **       
  |  |                        
  |  +-------- Unionini       
  |  |                        
  |  |     +-- Alasmidontina **  
  +--+-----+                  
     |     +-- Pseudanodonta **  
     |                        
     |     +-- Alathyria      
     |     |                  
     |  +--+-- Lamprotulini   
     |  |  |                  
     |  |  +-- Chamberlainiini
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Quadrulini     
        |  |                  
        +--+-- Pleurobemini   
           |                  
           +-- Lampsilini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 3 3 1 40 
  +----------- Unionini        
--+                            
  |  +-------- Anodonta_anatina **
  +--+                         
     |  +----- Cristariina **     
     +--+                      
        |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
        +--+                   
           +-- Pseudanodonta **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 1 0 0 40 
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 8 5 2 3 3 1 40 
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina **
  |                         
--+  +----- Cristariina **     
  |  |                      
  +--+----- Unionini        
     |                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
     +--+                   
        +-- Pseudanodonta **

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 10 6 2 39 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
  |                      
--+     +-- Cristaria **    
  |  +--+                
  |  |  +-- Alasmidontina **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 4 2 0 0 0 42 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 3 32 11 4 40 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Unionini     
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Acuticostini 
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Cristariina **  
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Anodontina **   
              +--+                
                 +-- Alasmidontina **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 26 23 1 40 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 19 3 1 38 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 0 0 0 38 
  +----- Cristariina **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Klishko et al., 2016 [Publ 3733], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 0 0 0 37 
1

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 20 18 3 39 
  +----------------- Acuticostini          
  |                                        
--+  +-------------- Lanceolaria_grayii    
  |  |                                     
  |  +-------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
  +--+                                     
     +-------------- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
     |                                     
     |  +----------- Unionini              
     +--+                                  
        |  +-------- Lasmigona **             
        +--+                               
           |  +----- Anodontina **            
           +--+                            
              |  +-- Pyganodon **             
              +--+                         
                 +-- Strophitus **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 20 18 3 39 
  +-------------- Acuticostini          
  |                                     
--+           +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
  |  +--------+                         
  |  |        +-- Lanceolaria_grayii    
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Unionini              
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Anodontina **            
           +--+                         
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 53 4 2 39 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 19 6 2 38 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 0 0 0 41 
1

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 18 1 2 18 1 1 54 
  +----- Anodontina **         
  |                         
  |  +-- Gonideini          
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Utterbackia **        
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+  |                      
  |  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Megalonaias        
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Obliquaria         
  |  |                      
  +--+-- Theliderma         
     |                      
     +-- Quadrula           
     |                      
     +-- Uniomerus          
     |                      
     +-- Amblema            
     |                      
     +-- Elliptio           
     |                      
     +-- Fusconaia          
     |                      
     +-- Plectomerus        
     |                      
     +-- Pleurobema         
     |                      
     +-- Unionini

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 43 15 2 38 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 42 2 1 39 
  +-- Unionini     
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 6 6 2 38 
  +----------- Lanceolariini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristariina **  
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 3 1 0 0 0 42 
1

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 0 0 0 42 
1

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 15 3 1 38 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Klishko et al., 2014 [Publ 3666], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 0 0 0 37 
1

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 42 2 1 39 
  +-- Unionini     
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 8 4 2 4 3 1 41 
  +----- Anodontina **   
  |                   
--+  +-- Cristariina **  
  |  |                
  +--+-- Margaritifera
     |                
     +-- Unionini

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 2 6 0 0 39 
  +----- Pyganodon **  
  |                 
--+  +-- Lasmigona **  
  |  |              
  +--+-- Cristariina **
     |              
     +-- Utterbackia **

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 1 0 0 42 
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 7 4 2 3 3 1 36 
  +----- Cristariina **
--+                 
  |  +-- Unionini   
  +--+              
     +-- Anodontina **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 8 0 0 42 
1

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 18 6 2 38 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 0 0 0 39 
  +-- Cristariina **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina **

Sayenko et al., 2017 [Publ 3760], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 0 0 0 39 
1

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 14 14 2 38 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 8 0 0 42 
1

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 3 16 6 2 39 
     +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                
  |  +-- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Cristariina **  
  |  |                
  +--+-- Anodontina **   
     |                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Bulakhova et al., 2023 [Publ 4325], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 0 0 0 41 
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 2 0 0 38 
1

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 18 1 2 18 2 1 53.5 
  +----- Anodontina **         
  |                         
  |  +-- Gonideini          
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Utterbackia **        
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+  |                      
  |  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Megalonaias        
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Obliquaria         
  |  |                      
  +--+-- Theliderma         
     |                      
     +-- Quadrula           
     |                      
     +-- Uniomerus          
     |                      
     +-- Amblema            
     |                      
     +-- Elliptio           
     |                      
     +-- Fusconaia          
     |                      
     +-- Plectomerus        
     |                      
     +-- Aculamprotulina    
     |                      
     +-- Unionina

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 27 12 3 39 
  +-------- Lanceolariini  
  |                        
--+     +-- Aculamprotulina
  |  +--+                  
  |  |  +-- Acuticostini   
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Cristariina **    
     +--+                  
        +-- Oxynaiina

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 13 4 1 38 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 0 0 0 41 
1

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 43 2 1 39 
  +-- Unionini     
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 0 0 0 37 
  +-- Cristariina **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina **

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 6 3 1 39 
  +----- Unionini   
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristariina **
  +--+              
     +-- Anodontina **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 18 6 2 40 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Alasmidontina **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Cristariina **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 15 3 1 38 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristariina **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 27 12 3 39 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Acuticostini 
     +--+                
        +-- Cristariina **

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 43 2 1 39 
  +-- Unionini     
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 7 5 2 3 3 1 40 
        +-- Anodonta_anatina **
  +-----+                   
  |     +-- Unionini        
--+                         
  |  +----- Cristariina **     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea ** 
     +--+                   
        +-- Pseudanodonta **

Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 0 0 0 37 
  +-- Cristariina **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 53 4 2 39 
  +----------- Lanceolariini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristariina **  
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 19 17 3 39 
  +----------- Acuticostini 
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unionini     
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina **   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 10 0 1 16 1 1 48 
  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |                      
  +-- Utterbackia **        
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
--+                      
  +-- Megalonaias        
  |                      
  +-- Obliquaria         
  |                      
  +-- Theliderma         
  |                      
  +-- Quadrula           
  |                      
  +-- Uniomerus

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 6 4 1 38 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 1 0 0 37 
  +----- Cristariina **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 45 0 0 38 
1

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 12 0 0 39.5 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 8 2 1 39 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 10 3 1 39 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 2 1 40 
  +-------- Unionini  
--+                   
  |  +----- Pyganodon ** 
  +--+                
     |  +-- Anodontina **
     +--+             
        +-- Strophitus **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 2 1 40 
  +----- Pyganodon ** 
--+                
  |  +-- Anodontina **
  +--+             
     +-- Strophitus **

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 10 6 3 39 
  +----------- Cristariina **         
  |                                
--+  +-------- Oxynaiina           
  |  |                             
  +--+  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii  
     |  |                          
     +--+----- Acuticostini        
        |                          
        |  +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola
        +--+                       
           +-- Aculamprotulina

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 31 2 1 40 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 1 0 0 37 
  +----- Cristariina **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 2 1 40 
  +-------- Unio_pictorum
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio_tumidus 
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina **   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina **

Hinzmann et al., 2013 [Publ 3541], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 0 0 0 38 
1

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 0 1 12 7 1 38 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 43 0 0 38 
1

Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 2 0 0 39 
  +-- Cristariina **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina **

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 15 14 1 38 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 11 6 1 38 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 4 2 1 39 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 17 0 0 39 
  +-- Cristariina **  
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 6 4 2 3 3 1 39 
  +----- Anodontina ** 
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristariina **
  +--+              
     +-- Unionini

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 10 3 1 39 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 4 3 1 38 
1

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 2 1 40 
  +----- Unio_pictorum
  |                   
--+----- Unio_tumidus 
  |                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 22 16 1 40 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 13 4 2 38 
        +-- Anodontina **     
  +-----+                  
  |     +-- Cristariina **    
--+                        
  |  +----- Aculamprotulina
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lepidodesmini  
     +--+                  
        +-- Unionina

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 12 0 0 39.5 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 14 9 1 38 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 4 2 1 39 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 14 11 1 38 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 6 4 2 3 3 1 39 
  +----- Anodontina ** 
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristariina **
  +--+              
     +-- Unionini

Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson, 2012 [Publ 3375], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 3 0 0 40 
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 3 3 1 38 
  +----- Unionini   
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristariina **
  +--+              
     +-- Anodontina **

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 3 0 0 39 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 7 3 2 40 
1

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 6 1 1 39 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Froufe et al., 2014 [Publ 3592], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 0 0 0 38 
1

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 9 0 0 39 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 2 1 40 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 0 1 4 3 1 38 
1

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 20 15 1 38 
  +----- Aculamprotulina
--+                     
  |  +-- Cristariina **    
  +--+                  
     +-- Oxynaiina

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 44 0 0 38 
1

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 5 0 0 39 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 6 4 2 3 3 1 37 
  +----- Cristariina **
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina ** 
  +--+              
     +-- Unionini

Lopes-Lima et al., 2016 [Publ 3757], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 0 0 0 38 
1

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 39 25 4 39 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+                            
  |  +----------- Unionini     
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Acuticostini 
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Cristariina **  
           +--+                
              +-- Alasmidontina **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 8 2 1 39 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 7 1 1 39 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 0 0 0 41 
1

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 12 0 0 39.5 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 4 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unionini  
--+             
  +-- Anodontina **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 0 0 0 -- 
  +-- Anodontina ** 
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 24 0 0 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 18 0 1 16 6 2 45 
  +-------------- Sinanodonta **    
  |                              
--+  +----------- Cristaria **      
  |  |                           
  +--+        +-- Lamprotulini   
     |  +-----+                  
     |  |     +-- Quadrulini     
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Aculamprotulina
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Acuticostini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Oxynaiina

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 8 2 1 -- 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina **   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
1

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 17 0 2 20 15 4 48 
  +----------- Anodontina **   
  |                         
--+        +-- Acuticostini 
  |  +-----+                
  |  |     +-- Cristariina **  
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Lanceolariini
        +--+                
           +-- Unionini

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 15 8 3 -- 
  +----------- Unionina     
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Globunionina 
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticostini 
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontina **

Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 9 8 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 4 3 1 -- 
  +-------- Unio_crassus 
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio_pictorum
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_tumidus 
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontina **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 34 0 0 -- 
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 20 20 2 -- 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                
     +-- Anodontina **

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 12 10 3 -- 
  +-------- Cristariina **  
--+                      
  |  +----- Unionini     
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Acuticostini 
     +--+                
        +-- Lanceolariini

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 20 20 2 -- 
  +----- Unionini     
--+                   
  |  +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                
     +-- Anodontina **

Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
1

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 4 3 1 -- 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus 
--+                      
  |  +----- Anodontina **   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_crassus 
     +--+                
        +-- Unio_pictorum

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 27 0 0 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 0 0 0 -- 
  +-- Anodontina ** 
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 17 0 2 20 15 4 46 
  +----------- Acuticostini      
  |                              
  +----------- Cristariina **       
  |                              
--+----------- Anodontina **        
  |                              
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini     
  |  |                           
  |  |     +-- Aculamprotulina   
  +--+-----+                     
     |     +-- Lepidodesmini     
     |                           
     |  +----- Unionina          
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Middendorffinaiina
        +--+                     
           +-- Oxynaiina

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 5 0 0 -- 
  +-- Alasmidontina **
--+                
  +-- Cristariina **

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 8 0 2 6 0 0 44 
  +-------------- Cristariina **    
  |                              
--+  +----------- Alasmidontina **  
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-------- Lampsilis      
     |  |                        
     +--+     +-- Venustaconcha  
        |  +--+                  
        |  |  +-- Quadrulini     
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Lamprotulini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Chamberlainiini

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 16 2 1 -- 
  +-- Unionini     
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 34 2 1 -- 
  +-- Alasmidontina **
--+                
  +-- Unionini

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 5 0 2 3 3 1 36 
  +----- Cristariina **
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina ** 
  +--+              
     +-- Unionini

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
1

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
1

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
1

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 38 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unionini     
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 26 0 0 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Dyduch-Falniowska & Koziol, 1989 [Publ 3814], fig. 5_7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 3 3 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 34 2 1 -- 
  +-- Alasmidontina **
--+                
  +-- Unionini

Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 3 0 1 1 0 0 38 
  +----- Sinanodonta **    
--+                     
  |  +-- Cristaria **      
  +--+                  
     +-- Chamberlainiini

Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 4 0 1 2 0 0 40 
  +-------- Cristaria **    
--+                      
  |  +----- Sinanodonta **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Margaritifera
     +--+                
        +-- Lamprotulini

Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 0 0 0 -- 
  +-- Anodontina ** 
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
1

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
1

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 0 0 0 -- 
  +-- Anodontina ** 
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 4 0 2 4 0 0 40 
  +-- Cristariina **  
  |                
  +-- Lampsilini   
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **
  |                
  +-- Quadrulini

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
1

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 19 11 3 -- 
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 0 0 0 -- 
  +-- Anodontina ** 
--+              
  +-- Cristariina **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
1

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unionini     
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
-- Anodonta **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Anodonta_cygnea **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 6 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unionini  
--+             
  +-- Anodontina **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 7 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Anodonta_cygnea **

Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 12 2 -- 
  +----------- Unionina          
  |                              
--+        +-- Middendorffinaiina
  |  +-----+                     
  |  |     +-- Oxynaiina         
  +--+                           
     |  +----- Aculamprotulina   
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Anodontina **        
        +--+                     
           +-- Lepidodesmini

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 41 0 0 -- 
-- Arcidens_confragosus **

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 0 0 -- 
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Anodonta_cygnea **

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 3 1 -- 
     +-- Oxynaiina      
  +--+                  
  |  +-- Aculamprotulina
--+                     
  |  +-- Anodontina **     
  +--+                  
     +-- Unionina

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 0 0 -- 
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackiana_implicata **

Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **

Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackiana_couperiana **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 2 1 -- 
  +-- Cristariina **
--+              
  +-- Unionini

Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unionini  
--+             
  +-- Anodontina **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 3 1 -- 
-- Anodonta_cygnea **

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 5 2 -- 
-- Anemina_harlandi **

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackiana_implicata **

Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unionini  
--+             
  +-- Anodontina **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Anodonta_cygnea **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 2 1 -- 
  +-- Cristariina **
--+              
  +-- Unionini

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 13 3 -- 
-- Anemina_harlandi **

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Arcidens_confragosus **

Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Anodonta_cygnea **

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 3 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **     
  |                  
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri
--+                  
  +-- Unio_pictorum  
  |                  
  +-- Aculamprotulina

Metzger et al., 2018 [Publ 3952], fig. 1C

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Lasmigona_costata **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 3 1 -- 
-- Anodonta_cygnea **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 2 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 1 1 -- 
  +-- Alasmidontina **
--+                
  +-- Unionini

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Anodonta_cygnea **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 7 1 -- 
  +----------- Oxynaiina        
  |                             
  |        +-- Unio_gibbus      
--+        |                    
  |  +-----+-- Unio_tumidus     
  |  |     |                    
  |  |     +-- Anodontina **       
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Unio_pictorum__1 
     |  |                       
     |  +----- Unio_pictorum__2 
     +--+                       
        +----- Unio_mancus      
        |                       
        |  +-- Unio_tumidiformis
        +--+                    
           +-- Unio_crassus

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Anodonta **

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 1 1 -- 
-- Pyganodon **

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unionini  
--+             
  +-- Anodontina **

Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Arcidens_confragosus **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 2 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **