The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
Search the database pages:
Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae subfamily GONIDEINAE Ortmann, 1916: cladomics
7 genera, 8 tribes Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!
The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to
provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic
work supports the classification used here. The Cladomics Summary provides an
overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this
taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.
Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.
For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently
asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on
the FARQ! Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 174 (205 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: tribe) = 15
analyzed in 264 cladograms in 159 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
72 (mean = 11.31, median = 5)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
9 (mean = 2.84, median = 2) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 217
maximum number of included terminals = 72, (mean =
13.54 median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
9 (mean = 3.24, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.79 Rigorous Monophylynumber of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 150
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing
more than one subtaxon (tribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 72 (mean = 12.53, median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
9 (mean = 3.55, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.71
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup
distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics
FARQ for more information.
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 42 | 40 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 0 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
| +-------- Parreysiinae
| +-----+
--+ | | +----- Unioninae
| | +--+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Discomya **
+--+
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
| +-----+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Caudiculatus **
+--+
| +-- Potomida **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 56 | 81 | 73 | 6 | 143 | 104 | 3 | 98 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 72 | 72 | 61 | 6 | 40 | 40 | 1 | 87 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 72 | 72 | 57 | 6 | 46 | 41 | 1 | 85 | +----------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
--+ | +-- Contradentini **
| |
| | +----- Pseudodontini **
| | |
| | | +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
+--+ | |
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1 **
| | |
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
| | |
| | +-- Leguminaia **
+--+ |
| +-- Microcondylaea **
| |
| +-- Gonidea **
| |
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
| |
| +-- Parvasolenaia **
| |
+--+-- Lamprotula_leaii **
|
+-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Lamprotula_caveata **
|
+-- Potomida **
|
+-- Pronodularia **
|
+-- Sinohyriopsis **
|
+-- Chamberlainia **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2 **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 68 | 68 | 68 | 5 | 14 | 14 | 1 | 80 | +----------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 58 | 58 | 59 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 70 | +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| | +----- Ctenodesmini **
| +--+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 56 | 126 | 71 | 6 | 143 | 104 | 3 | 140 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Chamberlainia **
| |
| +----------- Megalonaias
| |
| +----------- Uniomerus
| |
--+ +----------- Quadrulina
| |
| +----------- Sinohyriopsis **
| |
| +----------- Lamprotulini **
| |
| +----------- Gonideini **
| |
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+----------- Unioninae
|
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--------+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------- Amblema
| |
| +-------- Toxolasma
| |
| +-------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria
| +-----+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| +----- Ellipsaria
| |
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
| |
| +----- Medionidus
| |
| +----- Potamilus_alatus
| |
| +----- Ptychobranchus
+--+
+----- Truncilla
|
+----- Venustaconcha
|
+----- Cambarunio
|
+----- Leaunio
|
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 55 | 124 | 124 | 6 | 142 | 103 | 3 | 138 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 51 | 87 | 42 | 6 | 74 | 74 | 3 | 103 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Pseudodontini **
| |
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
| |
+--+ +-------- Unioninae
| |
| | +----- Ambleminae
| | |
+--+ | +-- Chamberlainia **
| | |
| | +-- Sinohyriopsis **
| | |
| | +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
+--+ |
| +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
| |
| +-- Potomida **
| |
| +-- Pronodularia **
| |
+--+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
|
+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Microcondylaea **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 50 | 50 | 49 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 74 | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 49 | 137 | 123 | 6 | 90 | 65 | 3 | 148 | +-------- Chamberlainia **
|
+--------------+ +----- Cumberlandia
| | |
| +--+ +-- Gibbosulinae
| | |
| +--+-- Pseudunio
| |
| +-- Margaritifera
|
| +-- Hyriinae
| +-----+
--+ | +-- Velesunioninae
+--------------+
| | +----- Aspathariinae
| +--+
| | +-- Monocondylaeinae
| +--+
| +-- Etheria
|
| +-------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Sinohyriopsis **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 49 | 85 | 85 | 6 | 90 | 65 | 3 | 101 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Konopleva et al., 2025 [Publ 4446], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 44 | 44 | 43 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 73 | Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 43 | 43 | 41 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 69 | +----------------------- Pseudodontini **
|
| +-- Rectidentini **
--+ +-----------------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
| |
| | +----- Inversidens **
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
| | +----- Gonidea **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Leguminaia **
| | +--+
| | +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
| +-- Koreosolenaia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Postolata **
+--+
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
+-- Obovalis **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 43 | 43 | 39 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 68 | +----------------------- Pseudodontini **
|
| +-- Rectidentini **
--+ +-----------------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Inversidens **
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--------------+
+--+ +-- Lamprotulini **
|
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
| | +----- Gonidea **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Leguminaia **
| | +--+
| | +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
| +-- Koreosolenaia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Postolata **
+--+
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
+-- Obovalis **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 43 | 43 | 41 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 59 | +----------------- Unioninae
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 42 | 42 | 40 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 56 | +----------------- Unioninae
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 41 | 41 | 39 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 67 | Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 39 | 39 | 38 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66 | Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 39 | 39 | 37 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 67 | Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 38 | 50 | 39 | 3 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 70 | +-------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +----- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 34 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 30 | +-------------- Chamberlainiini **
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 33 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 58 | +-- Contradentini **
+--------+
| +-- Rectidentini **
--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 34 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 58 | +-- Contradentini **
+--------+
| +-- Rectidentini **
--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 27 | +----------- Chamberlainiini **
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
| +--+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 53 | +----------------------------- Schepmaniini **
|
| +-------------------------- Pseudodontini **
--+ |
| | +----------- Hyriopsis_bialata **
| | |
| | +-----------+ +-- Rectidens **
+--+ | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Ctenodesmini **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Ensidens **
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Hyriopsis_desowitzi **
| +--+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------------------- Inversidens **
| |
| | +----- Lamprotula **
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Potomida **
|
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonidea **
| +--------+
| | +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
| +-------- Koreosolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +-- Postolata **
+--+
+-- Ptychorhynchus **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 27 | +-------------------------- Chamberlainiini **
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +-----------------+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Inversidens **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonidea **
| +--------+
| | +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
| +-------- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Koreosolenaia **
+--+
| +-- Postolata **
+--+
+-- Ptychorhynchus **
Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 35 | +-- Schepmaniini **
+-----------+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +----------- Gonideini **
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 59 | 26 | 5 | 48 | 48 | 3 | 80 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+ |
| | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +-----+
+--+ | +-- Contradentini **
| |
| | +----- Unioninae
| | |
+--+ | +-- Lamprotula **
| | |
| | +-- Potomida **
| | |
| | +-- Pronodularia **
+--+ |
| +-- Gonidea **
| |
| +-- Leguminaia **
| |
| +-- Microcondylaea **
| |
+--+-- Amblemini
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Cambarunio
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrulini
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 23 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 47 | +----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__1 **
|
+----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__2 **
|
| +-------------------------- Pseudodontini **
--+ |
| | +-- Ensidens **
| | |
| | +-- Hyriopsis_desowitzi **
| | |
+--+ +-- Rectidens **
| +--------------------+
| | +-- Hyriopsis_bialata **
| | |
| | +-- Ctenodesmini **
| | |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------------------- Inversidens **
| |
| | +----- Lamprotula **
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Potomida **
|
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
+--+ +----------- Gonidea **
| |
+--+----------- Microcondylaea **
|
| +-------- Koreosolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +-- Postolata **
+--+
+-- Ptychorhynchus **
Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 4041], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 34 | 34 | 21 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 56 | +----- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 37 | 30 | 6 | 88 | 77 | 3 | 67 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------------- Unioninae
--+ |
| | +-- Lens **
| | |
| | +-- Ensidens **
+--+ |
| +--------+-- Physunio **
| | |
| | +-- Rectidens **
| | |
+--+ +-- Yaukthwa **
|
| +-------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 31 | 66 | 64 | 6 | 45 | 35 | 2 | 86 | +-------------- Pseudodontini **
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------- Gonideini **
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 31 | 66 | 63 | 6 | 45 | 35 | 2 | 87 | +-------------- Pseudodontini **
|
--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +-------- Gonideini **
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 31 | 31 | 27 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 55 | +----------------- Chamberlainiini **
--+
| +-------------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----------- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-- Ctenodesmini **
+--+
+-- Rectidentini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 35 | 33 | 6 | 62 | 45 | 3 | 60 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 35 | 33 | 6 | 62 | 45 | 3 | 60 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 27 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 26 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 22 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +----------- Lamprotulini **
| |
| | +----- Gonideini **
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Schepmaniini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pseudodontini **
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Konopleva et al., 2021 [Publ 4213], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 22 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | +-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Leguminaia **
|
--+-- Potomida **
|
+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Pseudodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 37 | 32 | 6 | 53 | 41 | 3 | 68 | +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------------------- Unioninae
--+ |
| | +-------- Rectidentini **
| | +-----------+
+--+ | | +----- Lens **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Physunio **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- unionoid
|
| +----------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +-- Parvasolenaia **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Sinosolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Gonidea **
+--+
| +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
+-- Leguminaia **
Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 52 | +----------- Chamberlainiini **
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 23 | 23 | 21 | 6 | 31 | 29 | 3 | 49 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 23 | 49 | 42 | 4 | 26 | 24 | 1 | 73 | +----- Parreysiinae
+--+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
| +--+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
--+ +-- Gibbosulinae
| |
| +-- Margaritiferinae
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia **
| |
+-----+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Potomida **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 6 | 70 | 64 | 3 | 47 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 6 | 70 | 64 | 3 | 47 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4212], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +-- Contradentini **
--+
+-- Rectidentini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 20 | 18 | 6 | 75 | 64 | 3 | 46 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 20 | 18 | 6 | 75 | 64 | 3 | 46 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 20 | 18 | 6 | 69 | 60 | 2 | 52 | +----------------------------- Ambleminae
|
| +-------------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
| +-----------+ +-- Contradentini **
--+ | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Lamprotulini **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Inversiunio
| +--+
| +-- Gonideini **
|
| +----------------------- Lepidodesmini
| |
| | +----- Anodontini
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +-- Acuticostini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lanceolariini
|
| +----------------- Globunio
| |
+--+ +-------------- Aculamprotula
| |
+--+ +----------- Unio
| |
+--+ +-- Nodularia
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudocuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 17 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 54 | +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------------------- Unioninae
--+ |
| | +----- Chamberlainia **
| | +--------------+
+--+ | | +-- Sundadontina **
| | +--+
| | +-- Sinohyriopsis **
| |
+--+ +----- Indopseudodontina **
| +-----------+
| | | +-- Pseudodon **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pilsbryoconcha **
+--+
| +-- Sinosolenaia **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +-- Ptychorhynchus **
| +--------+
| | +-- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +-------- Inversidens **
+--+
| +----- Gonidea **
+--+
| +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
+-- Leguminaia **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 17 | 6 | 34 | 32 | 2 | 45 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 6 | 67 | 58 | 2 | 45 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 44 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 44 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 6 | 31 | 28 | 2 | 43 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 6 | 40 | 33 | 3 | 36 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
| +-- Unioninae
+-----------+
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 6 | 40 | 33 | 3 | 38 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Unioninae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Kongim et al., 2023 [Publ 4290], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +-------- Chamberlainiini **
--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 4 | 59 | 48 | 2 | 48 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 5 | 26 | 16 | 3 | 45.5 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 4 | 59 | 48 | 2 | 48 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 4 | 59 | 50 | 2 | 48 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 55 | 44 | 2 | 47 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 43 | 42 | 3 | 50 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Jeratthitikul & Sutcharit, 2023 [Publ 4289], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 31 | 28 | 2 | 47 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 31 | 28 | 2 | 47 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 41 | 38 | 2 | 46 | +-------------- Unioninae
--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 13 | 3 | 33 | 31 | 1 | 54 | +-------------------- Unioninae
|
--+ +----------------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
| | +----- Parvasolenaia_rivularis **
+--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Parvasolenaia_triangularis **
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
| +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
| +--------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-------- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
| |
+--+ +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__2 **
| |
+--+ +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__1 **
| |
+--+-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__3 **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 7A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 36 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 41 | 40 | 3 | 31 | 29 | 1 | 80 | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 26 | 24 | 3 | 46 | +-- Parreysiinae
+-----------+
| +-- Unioninae
--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 10 | 5 | 20 | 18 | 3 | 48.5 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideini **
| +--+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Contradentini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 27 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +-- Ctenodesmini **
--+
+-- Rectidentini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 12 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 34 | 32 | 4 | 23 | 22 | 2 | 69 | +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta
| +--+
+-----------------+ +-- Anemina
| |
| | +----- Pseudodontini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
| +--+
| +-- Chamberlainia **
|
| +----- Schistodesmus
| +-----+
| | | +-- Lepidodesmini
--+ | +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotula
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Platynaias
| | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pyganodon
| | |
| | | +----- Sinanodonta
| | +--+
| | | +-- Cristaria
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontina
|
| +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
| +-----+
| | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_leaii **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini **
|
| +----------------- Gibbosulinae
+--+
| +-------------- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----------- Toxolasma
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_ornata
+--+
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_powellii
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 4 | 41 | 39 | 2 | 45 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 4 | 25 | 23 | 3 | 45 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +--------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 30 | 30 | 2 | 47 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 21 | 11 | 1 | 44.5 | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 46 | 36 | 2 | 48 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 29 | 26 | 2 | 47 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 42 | 36 | 3 | 44 | 42 | 2 | 75 | +-------- Quadrulini
|
+-------- Pleurobemini
|
| +-- Amblemini
--+-----+
| +-- Lampsilini
|
| +-- Lamprotulini **
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Muanta et al., 2019 [Publ 3921], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 25 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 25 | 21 | 1 | 49 | +----------- Unioninae
|
| +-- Obovalis **
--+ +-----+
| | +-- Ptychorhynchus **
| |
+--+ +-- Inversidens **
| +--+
| | +-- Sinosolenaia **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 23 | 23 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 42 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 42 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 3 | 60 | 37 | 3 | 46 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-------- Inversidens **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Obovalis **
+--+
+-- Ptychorhynchus **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 3 | 21 | 20 | 2 | 47 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 23 | 23 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 18 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Gonideini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 26 | 22 | 1 | 51 | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 9 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 46 | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 3 | 60 | 37 | 3 | 46 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-------- Inversidens **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
+-- Obovalis **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 60 | 37 | 3 | 47 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 8A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 38 | 32 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 41 | 33 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 34 | 24 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 46 | +-------------- Anodontini
|
--+ +-- Lanceolariini
| +--------+
| | +-- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 33 | 30 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 25 | 22 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 30 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3727], fig. 3_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +----- Potomida **
|
--+ +-- Pronodularia **
| |
| +-- Lamprotula **
+--+
+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Microcondylaea **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 16 | 13 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 49 | +-- Gonideini **
+-----+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Goncalves et al., 2022 [Publ 4253], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 24 | 22 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42.5 | +-- Contradentini **
--+
+-- Rectidentini **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 16 | 16 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 30 | 26 | 2 | 43 | +----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Lamprotula **
--+ |
| +-- Potomida **
| |
| +-- Pronodularia **
+--+
+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Microcondylaea **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 16 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +----- Chamberlainia **
--+
| +-- Sinohyriopsis **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 15 | 12 | 4 | 30 | 18 | 3 | 51 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-------------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 15 | 13 | 4 | 30 | 18 | 3 | 51 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Pseudodontini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 15 | 15 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 19 | 19 | 1 | 45 | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Zieritz et al., 2016 [Publ 3804], fig. S2-1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 14 | 13 | 2 | 45 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 14 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 20 | 14 | 2 | 44 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 1 | 43 | +-- Contradentini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 44 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 16 | 13 | 1 | 46 | +----------------- Anodontini
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
--+ | | +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_caveata **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Gibbosulinae
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **
|
| +----- Aculamprotula
| +--+
| | | +-- Tchangsinaia
| | +--+
+-----+ +-- Nodularia
|
| +----- Schistodesmus
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
+-- Acuticostini
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 46 | +-- Unioninae
--+
+-- Gonideini **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 43 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 43 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 41 | +----------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 20 | 14 | 2 | 44 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 15 | 13 | 2 | 43 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 7 | 3 | 30 | 28 | 2 | 58 | +----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
--+ |
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+-- Lamprotulini **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 57 | 57 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 54 | 54 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 23 | 17 | 3 | 42 | 20 | 3 | 59 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 43 | 21 | 3 | 59 | +-------- Pseudodontini **
|
--+ +----- Parreysiinae
| |
| +----- Contradentini **
+--+
+----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 54 | 54 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 1 | 44 | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 13 | 11 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 23 | 20 | 3 | 42 | 20 | 3 | 59 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 14 | 8 | 2 | 48 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 17 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 30 | 7 | 3 | 43 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 37 | 17 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 43 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 100 | 101 | 3 | 98 | 96 | 2 | 143 | +-------- Chamberlainiini **
|
--+-------- Unioninae
|
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 57 | 57 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 54 | 54 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 30 | 7 | 3 | 43 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 37 | 17 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 100 | 90 | 3 | 98 | 96 | 2 | 143 | +-- Chamberlainiini **
+-----+
| +-- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 14 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 44 | +-- Gonideini **
--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 30 | 28 | 2 | 59 | +-------------- Unioninae
--+
| +----------- Sinosolenaia **
+--+
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 17 | 13 | 1 | 45 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Obovalis **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 18 | 13 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 45 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Obovalis **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 43 | 21 | 3 | 52 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 18 | 13 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Shirai et al., 2010 [Publ 3353], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 13 | 3 | 41 | +----------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Contradentini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 17 | 1 | 43 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 49 | +-------------- Unioninae
|
--+ +----------- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Margaritiferinae
Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 15 | 14 | 2 | 44 | +----------- Cristariina
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
| |
--+ +-------- Anodonta
| |
| +-------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidontina
+-----+
| +-- Pseudanodonta
|
| +----- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Velesunioninae
| |
+--+-- Lamprotulini **
|
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 6A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 43 | +-------------- Cristariina
|
--+ +----------- Alasmidontina
| |
+--+ +-------- Lampsilis
| |
+--+ +-- Venustaconcha
| +--+
| | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 15 | 2 | 44 | +----------------- Sinanodonta
|
--+ +-------------- Cristaria
| |
+--+ +-- Lamprotulini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Aculamprotula
+--+
| +----- Acuticostini
+--+
| +-- Nodularia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 50.5 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Gonidea **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 43 | +----------- Anodontini
|
--+ +-- Lanceolariini
| +-----+
| | +-- Unionini
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Obovalis **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 50.5 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Gonidea **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 7 | 3 | 47 | +-- Aculamprotula
|
+-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Potomida **
|
--+-- Unio_pictorum
|
+-- Anodontini
|
+-- Unio_ravoisieri
|
+-- Parreysiinae
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 13 | 2 | -- | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Chamberlainiini **
|
--+ +-- Cristariina
| |
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina
|
+-- Quadrulini
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 41 | 3 | -- | +----------------------- Lamprotulini **
|
--+ +-------------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +----------------- Parreysiinae
+--+ |
| | +-- Anemina
| +--------------+
| | +-- Amuranodonta
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana
+--+
| +----------- Cristaria
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina
+--+--------+
| +-- Anodontina
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unioninae
--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
|
--+----- Ambleminae
|
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 22 | 22 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
|
--+----- Ambleminae
|
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wang et al., 2016 [Publ 3714], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unioninae
--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 36 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 | 46 | +-------------------------- Lamellidens_mainwaringi
--+
| +----------------------- Lamprotula **
+--+
| +-------------------- Potomida **
+--+
| +----------------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-------------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----------- Aculamprotula
+--+
| +-------- Unio_pictorum
+--+
| +----- Anodontini
+--+
| +-- Unio_ravoisieri
+--+
+-- Lamellidens_corrianus
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 41 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 2 | -- | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +----- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 23 | 23 | 3 | 54 | +-------------------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Gonideini **
| |
| | +----- Eurynia
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Cambarunio
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema
+--+
| +----------- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma
+--+
| +----- Ligumia
+--+
| +-- Obliquaria
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 36 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 34 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 35 | 30 | 2 | 54 | +-------------- Quadrulina
|
| +----- Lamprotulini **
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Unioninae
|
| +-------- Megalonaias
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 14 | 11 | 2 | -- | +----------- Unioninae
|
--+ +-- Lampsilini
| +-----+
| | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 7 | 3 | -- | Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 7 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
|
--+----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 22 | 22 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 15 | 2 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +-- Lamprotulini **
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 2 | -- | +-- Anodontina
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
|
--+ +-- Gonideini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unionini
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon
+--+
+-- Cristariina
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 43 | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 12 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 2 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
|
--+----- Ambleminae
|
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 45 | +----- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 8 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 2 | -- | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 2 | -- | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +----- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 26 | 1 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 17 | 2 | -- | +----- Anodontina
|
| +-- Gonideini **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis
| |
| +-- Utterbackia
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Unionini
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 103 | 102 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Potomida_littoralis **
Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 1 | -- | +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--------------+
| +-- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +-------------- Aculamprotula
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Unio
+--+
| +----- Nodularia
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Araujo et al., 2016 [Publ 3746], fig. 1_2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Potomida_littoralis **
Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Välilä et al., 2017 [Publ 3793], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Potomida_littoralis **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
|
--+-- Unioninae
|
+-- Ambleminae
Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 15 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 12 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 30 | 2 | -- | +----- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 62 | 62 | 1 | -- | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 1 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4455], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 20 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 18 | 2 | -- | +-------- Amblemini
|
+-------- Pleurobemini
--+
+-------- Lampsilini
|
| +----- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 30 | 1 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 17 | 3 | -- | Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 13 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 20 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 11 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Potomida_littoralis **
Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | -- | Soroka, 2005 [Publ 2726], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 14 | 1 | -- | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Acuticostini
+--+
| +-- Anodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 15 | 2 | -- | +-------- Gonideini **
|
| +-- Elliptio
| |
| +-- Fusconaia
| |
--+ +--+-- Amblemini
| | |
| | +-- Pleurobema
| | |
| | +-- Unionini
| |
| | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
+--+ |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis
| |
| +-- Utterbackia
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
+--+
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +----- Sinanodonta
--+
| +-- Cristaria
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +----------------------------- Gonideini **
|
--+ +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| +----------------------- Amblemini
+--+
| +-------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema
| |
+--+ +-------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
+--+-----------+
| +-- Unioninae
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +-------- Glebula
+--+
| +----- Potamilus
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Toxolasma
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 2 | -- | +----- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 17 | 2 | -- | +----- Anodontina
|
| +-- Gonideini **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis
| |
| +-- Utterbackia
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Aculamprotula
|
+-- Unio
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 30 | 2 | -- | +----- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
|
