Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Unionini

subtribe OXYNAIINA Starobogatov, 1970: cladomics

12 genera

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 52 (65 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 12
analyzed in 152 cladograms in 90 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 32 (mean = 7.14, median = 6)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 7 (mean = 3.29, median = 3)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 129
maximum number of included terminals = 32, (mean = 8.24 median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 7 (mean = 3.7, median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.84

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 101
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 32 (mean = 9.15, median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 7 (mean = 4.19, median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.84

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Oxynaiina cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Oxynaiina cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.941 13 15 11 7 31 8 4 **
Cladomics cladogram GLOBUNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Nodularia Cuneopsis Diaurora Schistodesmus Pseudocuneopsis UNIONINA Tchangsinaia Inversiunio

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.941 13 16 13 7 31 8 4 4.0
Cladomics cladogram GLOBUNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Nodularia Cuneopsis Diaurora Schistodesmus Pseudocuneopsis Inversiunio Tchangsinaia UNIONINA

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 32 32 33 7 601 34 4 35.0
Cladomics cladogram GLOBUNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA UNIONINA Schistodesmus Nodularia Tchangsinaia Inversiunio Pseudocuneopsis Diaurora Cuneopsis

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.933 14 17 14 7 27 4 3 5.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Nodularia Cuneopsis Diaurora Schistodesmus Pseudocuneopsis Inversiunio Tchangsinaia UNIONINA

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.933 14 17 14 7 27 4 3 5.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Nodularia Cuneopsis Diaurora Schistodesmus Pseudocuneopsis Inversiunio Tchangsinaia UNIONINA

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.938 13 13 11 7 28 5 3 8.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Tchangsinaia Inversiunio Cuneopsis Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Diaurora Schistodesmus

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 13 13 11 7 28 5 3 8.0
Cladomics cladogram GLOBUNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Tchangsinaia Inversiunio Pseudocuneopsis Cuneopsis Nodularia Diaurora Schistodesmus

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 15 15 13 6 23 8 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia Inversiunio

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 10 10 8 6 13 3 2 14.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Cuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Inversiunio Pseudocuneopsis

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 9 6 13 3 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Cuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Inversiunio Pseudocuneopsis

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 7 6 13 3 2 13.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Cuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Inversiunio Pseudocuneopsis

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 19 19 17 6 66 8 2 23.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Tongchuania Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2a_S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 9 6 1 1 1 14.5
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA Nodularia Pseudocuneopsis Schistodesmus Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia Inversiunio

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 21 21 19 5 119 25 4 23.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA GLOBUNIONINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA UNIONINA Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis Pseudocuneopsis Schistodesmus Nodularia

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 20 20 18 5 75 12 4 23.0
Cladomics cladogram GLOBUNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 18 18 15 5 104 10 3 14.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA UNIONINA Nodularia Schistodesmus Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia Inversiunio

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 24 24 22 5 51 24 3 26.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 16 16 14 5 71 11 3 19.0
Cladomics cladogram GLOBUNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Pseudocuneopsis Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 23 23 21 5 41 9 3 26.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4825], fig. 6B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 20 20 18 5 45 9 3 23.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 5 41 8 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.909 8 8 6 5 9 5 2 19.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Cuneopsis Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Nodularia

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 4 5 48 7 2 17.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Cuneopsis Schistodesmus Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Tchangsinaia

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 5 43 8 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 4 5 24 5 2 17.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 5 66 8 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 5 66 8 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 5 61 8 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 9 9 7 5 9 4 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 12 12 10 5 61 8 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 5 48 2 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 12 12 10 5 83 10 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Pseudocuneopsis Tchangsinaia Schistodesmus Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.909 12 12 10 5 83 10 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus lampreyanus Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia Schistodesmus xinyuensis Schistodesmus spinosus

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 12 12 9 5 79 10 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Pseudocuneopsis Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 12 12 9 5 79 10 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Pseudocuneopsis Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 14 14 12 5 39 4 2 18.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 19 19 17 5 34 10 2 23.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 9 5 30 10 2 19.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 5 46 2 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 22 22 20 5 30 10 2 25.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 5 31 5 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Schistodesmus Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.909 5 5 3 5 31 5 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Lanceolaria Nodularia Pseudocuneopsis Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 9 9 7 5 38 5 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 25 25 23 5 3 1 1 27.0
Cladomics cladogram MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 25 25 23 5 3 1 1 27.0
Cladomics cladogram MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Pseudocuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 7 7 5 5 7 0 0 16.0
Cladomics cladogram Acuticosta Lanceolaria Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis heudei Nodularia Pseudocuneopsis Cuneopsis rufescens Schistodesmus

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.917 9 9 6 4 13 3 3 17.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Cuneopsis Nodularia Inversiunio Schistodesmus

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 9 9 6 4 13 3 3 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Nodularia Cuneopsis Inversiunio Schistodesmus

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 4 4 75 5 2 14.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 4 4 133 4 2 14.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Nodularia Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia Schistodesmus

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.800 6 7 3 4 133 4 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Schistodesmus Nodularia Cuneopsis szechenyii Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis rufescens

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.500 6 10 0 4 119 4 2 17.0
Cladomics cladogram Unio crassus Unio pictorum Unio tumidus ACULAMPROTULINA Cuneopsis szechenyii Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis rufescens Nodularia douglasiae Nodularia nuxpersicae Schistodesmus Alasmidonta Anodonta anatina Anodonta cygnea Brachyanodon Lasmigona Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Simpsonaias Strophitus Sinanodonta lauta Cristaria plicata Cristaria radiata Pletholophus Sinanodonta lucida Sinanodonta jourdyi Lanceolaria gladiola Lanceolaria grayii Lanceolaria danzhouensis

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 4 46 7 2 13.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 4 36 7 2 14.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 12 12 9 4 189 9 2 17.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Schistodesmus Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 9 4 188 9 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.700 12 48 25 4 189 9 2 52.0
Cladomics cladogram Chamberlainia Megalonaias Uniomerus QUADRULINA Sinohyriopsis INDOPSEUDODONTINA PSEUDODONTINA LIMNOSCAPHINA CONTRADENTINA Lamprotula Potomida Pronodularia Sinosolenaia carinata Gonidea Leguminaia Microcondylaea Ptychorhynchus Parvasolenaia Koreosolenaia Sinosolenaia recognita Sinosolenaia iridinea Sinosolenaia oleivora Amblema Toxolasma Obliquaria Plectomerus Elliptoideus Elliptio Eurynia Fusconaia Pleurobema Ellipsaria Potamilus leptodon Medionidus Potamilus alatus Ptychobranchus Truncilla Venustaconcha Cambarunio Leaunio Ortmanniana Lampsilis Acuticosta Alasmidonta Anodonta anatina Anemina Anodonta cygnea Cristaria Brachyanodon Lasmigona Lepidodesma Pseudanodonta Pyganodon Simpsonaias Strophitus Utterbackia Schistodesmus UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Lanceolaria Pletholophus Sinanodonta Cuneopsis celtiformis Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis rufescens Nodularia Cuneopsis szechenyii Cuneopsis heudei

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 7 4 62 6 2 18.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Inversiunio Nodularia Tchangsinaia Schistodesmus

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 8 4 62 6 2 18.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Inversiunio Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 8 4 62 6 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Inversiunio Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 4 4 85 5 2 12.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia Schistodesmus

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 4 4 85 5 2 12.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia Schistodesmus

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.900 6 6 4 4 70 4 2 14.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Nodularia Schistodesmus Cuneopsis szechenyii Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis rufescens

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.900 6 6 4 4 70 4 2 14.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA ACULAMPROTULINA Nodularia Schistodesmus Cuneopsis szechenyii Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis rufescens

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 7 8 6 4 24 1 1 16.0
Cladomics cladogram Lanceolaria Acuticosta CRISTARIINA Schistodesmus ACULAMPROTULINA Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis rufescens Nodularia Cuneopsis szechenyii Cuneopsis celtiformis

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 7 7 8 4 24 1 1 17.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Nodularia Cuneopsis rufescens 2 Schistodesmus Cuneopsis celtiformis 2 Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis celtiformis 1 Cuneopsis szechenyii 2 Cuneopsis szechenyii 1 Cuneopsis rufescens 1

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 12 12 10 4 34 5 1 17.0
Cladomics cladogram Lepidodesma Schistodesmus Nodularia Cuneopsis rufescens Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis celtiformis Cuneopsis szechenyii Cuneopsis heudei

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 12 12 10 4 35 5 1 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 6 22 5 4 28 1 1 39.0
Cladomics cladogram Sinohyriopsis Lamprotula Pronodularia Sinosolenaia Inversidens Obovalis omiensis 1 Obovalis omiensis 2 Ptychorhynchus Lanceolaria oxyrhyncha 1 Lanceolaria oxyrhyncha 2 Cristaria plicata 1 Cristaria plicata 2 Sinanodonta lauta Beringiana japonica Beringiana fukuharai 1 Beringiana beringiana Beringiana fukuharai 2 Beringiana fukuharai 3 Buldowskia iwakawai 1 Buldowskia iwakawai 2 Sinanodonta tumens 1 Sinanodonta tumens 2 Pletholophus Anemina Lanceolaria lanceolata Cristaria plicata 3 Lanceolaria gladiola Sinanodonta angula Lepidodesma ACULAMPROTULINA Acuticosta Cuneopsis Nodularia Schistodesmus Inversiunio

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 11 12 11 4 1 1 1 17.0
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Schistodesmus Cuneopsis UNIONINA Tchangsinaia

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.667 8 12 13 4 25 0 0 20.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Tchangsinaia Nodularia Schistodesmus Acuticosta Inversiunio Lepidodesma Lanceolaria

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 13 13 10 4 0 0 0 19.0
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Cuneopsis Tchangsinaia Pseudocuneopsis

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 52 8 3 13.0
Cladomics cladogram MIDDENDORFFINAIINA ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.909 8 8 6 3 6 3 3 18.0
Cladomics cladogram MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Inversiunio Cuneopsis Nodularia

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 28 4 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Schistodesmus Nodularia Tchangsinaia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 29 4 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Nodularia

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 20 7 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia Nodularia

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 28 5 2 13.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 35 7 2 15.5
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Schistodesmus Nodularia Tchangsinaia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 53 8 2 13.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Tchangsinaia Schistodesmus

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 41 7 2 13.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Tchangsinaia Schistodesmus

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 41 7 2 13.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Tchangsinaia Schistodesmus

Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.889 7 7 5 3 11 5 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Nodularia Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 45 7 2 13.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia Schistodesmus Tchangsinaia

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 3 33 3 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Schistodesmus Nodularia Tchangsinaia

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.889 4 4 2 3 35 3 2 16.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Schistodesmus Nodularia Tchangsinaia

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.714 4 11 9 3 17 3 1 20.0
Cladomics cladogram Sinohyriopsis Lamprotula leaii Lamprotula caveata Gibbosula Lamprotula cornuumlunae ACULAMPROTULINA Tchangsinaia Nodularia Schistodesmus Lanceolaria Acuticosta

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 3 8 4 1 16.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Schistodesmus Cuneopsis Nodularia

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.714 12 13 11 3 3 1 1 20.0
Cladomics cladogram Lamprotula Cuneopsis rufescens MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Pseudocuneopsis Tchangsinaia Cuneopsis kiangsiensis Cuneopsis celtiformis Cuneopsis szechenyii Cuneopsis heudei Cuneopsis demangei

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 9 10 8 3 2 1 1 19.0
Cladomics cladogram Lepidodesma Tchangsinaia Pseudocuneopsis MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Cuneopsis

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.600 3 7 5 3 31 0 0 18.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA ALASMIDONTINA Acuticosta Nodularia Tchangsinaia Lanceolaria Schistodesmus Lepidodesma

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.600 3 14 5 3 31 0 0 25.0
Cladomics cladogram Strophitus Schistodesmus Lepidodesma Acuticosta CRISTARIINA Lanceolaria Nodularia Tchangsinaia Utterbackia Utterbackiana Alasmidonta Lasmigona Ptychorhynchus Sinohyriopsis Lamprotula Sinosolenaia Megalonaias Elliptoideus Uniomerus Pleurobema Potamilus fragilis Medionidus Amblema Obliquaria Plectomerus Villosa Ellipsaria Lampsilis Potamilus purpuratus Ptychobranchus

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 4 3 0 0 0 15.0
Cladomics cladogram Pseudocuneopsis Schistodesmus Nodularia

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4852], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 9 3 9 0 0 16.0
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Pseudocuneopsis Schistodesmus Potomida Lamprotula Gonidea Postolata Ptychorhynchus

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 2 3 0 2 13 2 2 15.0
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA Schistodesmus Nodularia UNIONINA

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 40 7 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Tchangsinaia Nodularia

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 5 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Tchangsinaia Nodularia

Sayenko et al., 2021 [Publ 4189], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 10 11 9 2 3 3 2 19.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Inversiunio MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Nodularia

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 2 2 0 2 16 3 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Acuticosta Nodularia Cuneopsis

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 2 2 0 2 11 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Cuneopsis Lanceolaria grayii Acuticosta Lanceolaria gladiola ACULAMPROTULINA

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 14 2 1 --
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA Nodularia Tchangsinaia

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 55 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Nodularia Tchangsinaia

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 55 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Tchangsinaia Nodularia

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 3a

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 5 6 5 2 1 1 1 15.0
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Cuneopsis UNIONINA

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 20 17 1 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Tchangsinaia Nodularia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 20 17 1 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Tchangsinaia Nodularia

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 12 12 10 2 11 3 1 19.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Schistodesmus Nodularia

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4825], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 5 5 3 2 14 2 1 14.0
Cladomics cladogram Schistodesmus Nodularia ACULAMPROTULINA Lanceolaria

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 5 2 17 0 0 15.0
Cladomics cladogram Lanceolaria Nodularia Inversiunio

Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 8 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Lanceolaria Inversiunio Nodularia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 12

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 6 6 4 2 2 0 0 13.0
Cladomics cladogram Margaritifera Nodularia Inversiunio

Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.500 2 3 0 2 10 0 0 14.0
Cladomics cladogram CRISTARIINA Nodularia Lanceolaria Inversiunio

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 2 21 0 0 14.0
Cladomics cladogram Acuticosta Nodularia Inversiunio

Mabuchi et al., 2021 [Publ 4233], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 2 0 0 0 16.0
Cladomics cladogram Tchangsinaia Nodularia

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 2 0 0 0 15.0
Cladomics cladogram Cuneopsis Schistodesmus

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 8 8 6 2 1 0 0 17.0
Cladomics cladogram Sinosolenaia Nodularia Pseudocuneopsis

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 30 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 20 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 1 1 0 1 13 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Schistodesmus ACULAMPROTULINA

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 21 5 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA Nodularia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 22 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Schistodesmus ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA

Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 1 8 5 2 14.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Nodularia

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 40 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA Schistodesmus UNIONINA

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 21 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Schistodesmus ACULAMPROTULINA UNIONINA

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.857 1 1 0 1 40 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Schistodesmus UNIONINA

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 21 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA Schistodesmus UNIONINA

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 35 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Nodularia UNIONINA

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.400 1 1 0 1 10 6 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Unio gibbus Unio tumidus ANODONTINA Unio pictorum 1 Unio pictorum 2 Unio mancus Unio tumidiformis Unio crassus

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.400 1 1 0 1 24 2 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Anodonta cygnea Unio pictorum 2 Unio pictorum 1 Unio caffer Anodonta ALASMIDONTINA

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 19 1 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Schistodesmus UNIONINA

Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3738], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 12 12 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia UNIONINA

Klishko et al., 2017 [Publ 3946], fig. 8

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 4 4 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia UNIONINA

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 17 13 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia UNIONINA

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 1 1 80 3 1 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINA Nodularia

Klishko et al., 2018 [Publ 3945], fig. 8

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 2 1 4 4 1 15.0
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia UNIONINA

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 13

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 1 3 1 1 18.0
Cladomics cladogram MIDDENDORFFINAIINA Nodularia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 7 5 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia ACULAMPROTULINA

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.800 1 1 0 1 33 2 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Schistodesmus Lepidodesma ACULAMPROTULINA

Altaba et al., 2025 [Publ 4849], fig. 10

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 11 3 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia UNIONINA

Altaba et al., 2025 [Publ 4849], fig. 11

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 13 3 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia UNIONINA

Altaba et al., 2025 [Publ 4849], fig. 12

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.600 1 1 0 1 12 3 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Unio mancus Unio pictorum Unio tumidus Nodularia

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 13 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Tchangsinaia ALASMIDONTINA CRISTARIINA

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 11

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 10 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Lanceolaria

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 1 3 0 0 18.0
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Radiatula Lamellidens Leoparreysia

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 30 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Schistodesmus ANODONTINA CRISTARIINA

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2023 [Publ 4463], fig. 2a

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 20 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Nodularia

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2023 [Publ 4463], fig. 2b

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 21 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram ANODONTINA Nodularia

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 1 4 0 0 16.0
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia Cosmopseudodon Ptychorhynchus Postolata Obovalis

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 9 1 0 0 0 22.0
Cladomics cladogram Nodularia

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 33 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Cuneopsis CRISTARIINA

Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4805], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 33 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Cuneopsis CRISTARIINA

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4825], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 10 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Schistodesmus Lanceolaria