Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae

subfamily PARREYSIINAE Henderson, 1935: cladomics

5 tribes

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 109 (115 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: tribe) = 5
analyzed in 98 cladograms in 61 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 85 (mean = 12.72, median = 3)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) = 5 (mean = 2.55, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 64
maximum number of included terminals = 85, (mean = 18.95 median = 10.5)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) = 5 (mean = 3.38, median = 3.5)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.94

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 47
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (tribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 85 (mean = 19.94, median = 10)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) = 5 (mean = 3.79, median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.94

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Parreysiinae cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Parreysiinae cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.924 29 29 27 5 110 85 3 ** 
           +----------- Lamellidentini ** 
  +--------+                           
  |        |  +-------- Parreysiini **    
  |        +--+                        
  |           |  +----- Leoparreysiini ** 
  |           +--+                     
--+              |  +-- Coelaturini **    
  |              +--+                  
  |                 +-- Indochinellini ** 
  |                                    
  |  +----------------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Unioninae      
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Ambleminae     
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Gonideini      
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Chamberlainiini
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Lamprotulini

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.837 29 29 26 5 110 85 3 6.0 
                    +-- Parreysiini **    
              +-----+                  
              |     +-- Lamellidentini ** 
  +-----------+                        
  |           |  +----- Leoparreysiini ** 
  |           +--+                     
  |              |  +-- Coelaturini **    
--+              +--+                  
  |                 +-- Indochinellini ** 
  |                                    
  |  +----------------- Unioninae      
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Rectidentini   
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Ambleminae     
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Gonideini      
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Chamberlainiini
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Lamprotulini

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.630 38 38 28 5 87 87 3 39.0 
              +-------------- Pseudodontini           
              |                                       
  +-----------+  +----------- Rectidentini            
  |           |  |                                    
  |           |  |  +-------- Unioninae               
  |           +--+  |                                 
  |              |  |  +----- Ambleminae              
  |              |  |  |                              
  |              +--+  |  +-- Chamberlainia           
  |                 |  |  |                           
  |                 |  |  +-- Sinohyriopsis           
  |                 |  |  |                           
  |                 |  |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata      
  |                 +--+  |                           
  |                    |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii        
  |                    |  |                           
  |                    |  +-- Potomida                
  |                    |  |                           
  |                    |  +-- Pronodularia            
  |                    |  |                           
  |                    +--+-- Gonidea                 
  |                       |                           
  |                       +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi    
--+                       |                           
  |                       +-- Leguminaia              
  |                       |                           
  |                       +-- Microcondylaea          
  |                       |                           
  |                       +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata   
  |                       |                           
  |                       +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora   
  |                       |                           
  |                       +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita  
  |                                                   
  |           +-------------- Trapezidens **             
  |           |                                       
  |  +--------+  +----------- Lamellidens_lamellatus **  
  |  |        |  |                                    
  |  |        +--+  +-------- Lamellidens_jenkinsianus **
  |  |           |  |                                 
  |  |           |  |  +----- Lamellidens_generosus **   
  |  |           +--+  |                              
  |  |              |  +----- Lamellidens_mainwaringi ** 
  |  |              |  |                              
  |  |              +--+  +-- Lamellidens_ferrugineus ** 
  +--+                 +--+                           
     |                 |  +-- Lamellidens_marginalis **  
     |                 |                              
     |                 |  +-- Lamellidens_savadiensis ** 
     |                 +--+                           
     |                    +-- Lamellidens_corrianus__1 **
     |                                                
     |  +-------------------- Parreysiini **             
     |  |                                             
     +--+  +----------------- Leoparreysiini **          
        |  |                                          
        +--+  +-------------- Coelaturini **             
           |  |                                       
           |  |        +----- Indochinella **            
           +--+  +-----+                              
              |  |     |  +-- Scabies **                 
              |  |     +--+                           
              +--+        +-- Radiatula **               
                 |                                    
                 |  +-------- Indonaia_shurtleffiana **  
                 |  |                                 
                 +--+  +----- Indonaia_rugosa **         
                    |  |                              
                    |  |  +-- Indonaia_andersoniana **   
                    +--+--+                           
                       |  +-- Indonaia_caerulea **       
                       |                              
                       |  +-- Indonaia_bonneaudii **     
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Lamellidens_corrianus__2 **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.813 24 24 22 5 58 58 3 16.0 
     +----------- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                          
  |  |  +-------- Parreysiini **   
  |  +--+                       
  |     |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
  |     +--+                    
  |        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
--+        +--+                 
  |           +-- Indochinellini **
  |                             
  |  +----------- Pseudodontini 
  |  |                          
  |  |  +-------- Rectidentini  
  +--+  |                       
     |  |  +----- Unioninae     
     |  |  |                    
     +--+  |  +-- Lamprotula    
        |  |  |                 
        |  |  +-- Potomida      
        |  |  |                 
        |  |  +-- Pronodularia  
        +--+  |                 
           |  +-- Gonidea       
           |  |                 
           |  +-- Leguminaia    
           |  |                 
           |  +-- Microcondylaea
           |  |                 
           +--+-- Amblemini     
              |                 
              +-- Ortmanniana   
              |                 
              +-- Lampsilis     
              |                 
              +-- Cambarunio    
              |                 
              +-- Elliptio      
              |                 
              +-- Pleurobema    
              |                 
              +-- Quadrulini

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.922 34 34 30 5 167 128 3 18.0 
           +----------- Lamellidentini ** 
  +--------+                           
  |        |  +-------- Parreysiini **    
  |        +--+                        
  |           |  +----- Leoparreysiini ** 
  |           +--+                     
--+              |  +-- Coelaturini **    
  |              +--+                  
  |                 +-- Indochinellini ** 
  |                                    
  |  +----------------- Unioninae      
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Rectidentini   
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Ambleminae     
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Chamberlainiini
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Lamprotulini   
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Gonideini      
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Pseudodontini

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.913 34 34 30 5 165 126 3 21.0 
           +----------- Lamellidentini ** 
  +--------+                           
  |        |  +-------- Parreysiini **    
  |        +--+                        
  |           |  +----- Leoparreysiini ** 
  |           +--+                     
--+              |  +-- Coelaturini **    
  |              +--+                  
  |                 +-- Indochinellini ** 
  |                                    
  |  +----------------- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Rectidentini   
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Unioninae      
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Chamberlainiini
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Ambleminae     
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Lamprotulini   
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Gonideini

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.826 34 34 25 5 167 128 3 17.0 
        +-------- Parreysiini **       
        |                           
  +-----+-------- Lamellidentini **    
  |     |                           
  |     |  +----- Leoparreysiini **    
  |     +--+                        
  |        |  +-- Coelaturini **       
  |        +--+                     
  |           +-- Indochinellini **    
  |                                 
  |  +----------- Chamberlainia     
  |  |                              
  |  +----------- Megalonaias       
--+  |                              
  |  +----------- Uniomerus         
  |  |                              
  |  +----------- Quadrulina        
  |  |                              
  |  +----------- Sinohyriopsis     
  |  |                              
  |  +----------- Lamprotulini      
  |  |                              
  |  +----------- Gonideini         
  |  |                              
  +--+----------- Pseudodontini     
     |                              
     +----------- Rectidentini      
     |                              
     +----------- Unioninae         
     |                              
     |  +-------- Amblema           
     |  |                           
     |  +-------- Toxolasma         
     |  |                           
     |  +-------- Pleurobemini      
     |  |                           
     |  |     +-- Obliquaria        
     |  +-----+                     
     |  |     +-- Plectomerus       
     +--+                           
        |  +----- Ellipsaria        
        |  |                        
        |  +----- Potamilus_leptodon
        |  |                        
        |  +----- Medionidus        
        |  |                        
        |  +----- Potamilus_alatus  
        |  |                        
        |  +----- Ptychobranchus    
        +--+                        
           +----- Truncilla         
           |                        
           +----- Venustaconcha     
           |                        
           +----- Cambarunio        
           |                        
           +----- Leaunio           
           |                        
           |  +-- Ortmanniana       
           +--+                     
              +-- Lampsilis

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.753 85 86 91 5 548 482 3 95.0 
  +-------------------- Unioninae     
  |                                   
--+  +----------------- Lamellidens **   
  |  |                                
  +--+              +-- Balwantia **     
     |  +-----------+                 
     |  |           +-- Trapezidens **   
     +--+                             
        |  +----------- Leoparreysiini **
        +--+                          
           |  +-------- Pseudomulleria
           +--+                       
              |  +----- Indochinellini **
              +--+                    
                 |  +-- Parreysiini **   
                 +--+                 
                    +-- Coelaturini **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.891 41 41 39 5 76 71 1 36.0 
  +----------- Gonideinae    
  |                          
--+  +-------- Lamellidentini **
  |  |                       
  +--+     +-- Parreysiini **   
     |  +--+                 
     |  |  +-- Leoparreysiini **
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.927 40 40 37 5 71 71 1 37.0 
  +----------- Gonideinae    
  |                          
--+  +-------- Lamellidentini **
  |  |                       
  +--+     +-- Parreysiini **   
     |  +--+                 
     |  |  +-- Leoparreysiini **
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.931 54 54 52 5 4 4 1 39.0 
  +----------- Gonideinae    
  |                          
--+  +-------- Lamellidentini **
  |  |                       
  +--+     +-- Parreysiini **   
     |  +--+                 
     |  |  +-- Leoparreysiini **
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.931 54 54 50 5 4 4 1 43.0 
  +-------------- Gonideinae    
--+                             
  |  +----------- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                          
     |  +-------- Parreysiini **   
     +--+                       
        |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
        +--+                    
           |  +-- Coelaturini **   
           +--+                 
              +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.931 54 54 52 5 4 4 1 43.0 
  +-------------- Gonideinae    
--+                             
  |  +----------- Parreysiini **   
  +--+                          
     |  +-------- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                       
        |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
        +--+                    
           |  +-- Coelaturini **   
           +--+                 
              +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.931 57 57 53 5 4 4 1 49.0 
  +-------------- Gonideinae    
--+                             
  |  +----------- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                          
     |  +-------- Parreysiini **   
     +--+                       
        |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
        +--+                    
           |  +-- Coelaturini **   
           +--+                 
              +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.931 57 57 47 5 4 4 1 46.0 
  +-------------- Gonideinae    
--+                             
  |  +----------- Parreysiini **   
  +--+                          
     |  +-------- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                       
        |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
        +--+                    
           |  +-- Coelaturini **   
           +--+                 
              +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.929 62 62 60 5 1 1 1 51.0 
  +-------------- Gonideinae    
  |                             
--+  +----------- Parreysia **     
  |  |                          
  +--+        +-- Leoparreysiini **
     |  +-----+                 
     |  |     +-- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                       
        |  +----- Assamnaia **     
        +--+                    
           |  +-- Coelaturini **   
           +--+                 
              +-- Indochinellini **

Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4833], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.833 24 25 24 5 3 1 1 32.0 
  +----------------------------------- Gibbosulinae                
  |                                                                
--+  +-------------------------------- Lamellidens **                 
  |  |                                                             
  +--+  +----------------------------- Trapezidens **                 
     |  |                                                          
     +--+  +-------------------------- Parreysiini **                 
        |  |                                                       
        +--+  +----------------------- Leoparreysiini **              
           |  |                                                    
           +--+  +-------------------- Coelaturini **                 
              |  |                                                 
              +--+                 +-- Indochinella **                
                 |  +--------------+                               
                 |  |              +-- Indonaia **                    
                 +--+                                              
                    |  +-------------- Radiatula **                   
                    |  |                                           
                    +--+  +----------- Gonideinae                  
                       |  |                                        
                       +--+  +-------- Harmandia **                   
                          |  |                                     
                          +--+     +-- Unionetta_xishuangbannaensis **
                             |  +--+                               
                             |  |  +-- Unionetta_fabagina__2 **       
                             +--+                                  
                                |  +-- Unionetta_fabagina__1 **       
                                +--+                               
                                   +-- Scabies **

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.952 27 27 25 5 1 0 0 28.0 
  +-------------- Margaritiferinae
--+                               
  |  +----------- Lamellidentini **  
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Parreysiini **     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Leoparreysiini **  
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Coelaturini **     
           +--+                   
              +-- Indochinellini **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3922], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 23 23 21 5 0 0 0 33.0 
  +----------- Lamellidentini **
--+                          
  |  +-------- Leoparreysiini **
  +--+                       
     |  +----- Parreysiini **   
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.958 62 62 60 5 0 0 0 53.0 
  +-------- Lamellidentini **
  |                       
--+     +-- Leoparreysiini **
  |  +--+                 
  |  |  +-- Parreysiini **   
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Coelaturini **   
     +--+                 
        +-- Indochinellini **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.956 9 9 8 4 27 15 3 22.0 
        +-------- Lamellidentini **
  +-----+                       
  |     |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
  |     +--+                    
  |        |  +-- Indochinellini **
  |        +--+                 
--+           +-- Coelaturini **   
  |                             
  |           +-- Pseudodontini 
  |  +--------+                 
  |  |        +-- Rectidentini  
  +--+                          
     |  +-------- Unioninae     
     +--+                       
        |  +----- Gonideini     
        +--+                    
           |  +-- Lamprotulini  
           +--+                 
              +-- Ambleminae

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.956 9 9 7 4 27 15 3 22.0 
           +-------- Lamellidentini **
  +--------+                       
  |        |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
  |        +--+                    
  |           |  +-- Indochinellini **
--+           +--+                 
  |              +-- Coelaturini **   
  |                                
  |  +-------------- Rectidentini  
  +--+                             
     |  +----------- Pseudodontini 
     +--+                          
        |  +-------- Unioninae     
        +--+                       
           |  +----- Gonideini     
           +--+                    
              |  +-- Lamprotulini  
              +--+                 
                 +-- Ambleminae

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 8 8 6 4 32 22 3 22.0 
        +----- Unioninae     
  +-----+                    
  |     |  +-- Ambleminae    
  |     +--+                 
--+        +-- Gonideinae    
  |                          
  |  +-------- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                       
     |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.951 4 4 2 4 77 66 3 26.0 
                    +-------- Lamellidentini ** 
  +-----------------+                        
  |                 |  +----- Leoparreysiini ** 
  |                 +--+                     
  |                    |  +-- Coelaturini **    
--+                    +--+                  
  |                       +-- Indochinellini ** 
  |                                          
  |  +----------------------- Unioninae      
  |  |                                       
  +--+  +-------------------- Rectidentini   
     |  |                                    
     +--+  +----------------- Ambleminae     
        |  |                                 
        |  |              +-- Chamberlainiini
        +--+  +-----------+                  
           |  |           +-- Lamprotulini   
           |  |                              
           +--+           +-- Parvasolenaia  
              |  +--------+                  
              |  |        +-- Pseudodontini  
              +--+                           
                 |  +-------- Sinosolenaia   
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Gonidea        
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Microcondylaea 
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Leguminaia

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 10 10 8 4 47 40 3 25.0 
  +----------------- Ambleminae    
--+                                
  |  +-------------- Gonideinae    
  +--+                             
     |  +----------- Unioninae     
     +--+                          
        |  +-------- Lamellidentini **
        +--+                       
           |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
           +--+                    
              |  +-- Coelaturini **   
              +--+                 
                 +-- Indochinellini **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 10 10 8 4 47 40 3 25.0 
  +-------------- Ambleminae    
  |                             
--+-------------- Gonideinae    
  |                             
  |  +----------- Unioninae     
  +--+                          
     |  +-------- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                       
        |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
        +--+                    
           |  +-- Coelaturini **   
           +--+                 
              +-- Indochinellini **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.952 13 13 11 4 78 61 3 23.0 
              +-------- Lamellidentini ** 
  +-----------+                        
  |           |  +----- Leoparreysiini ** 
  |           +--+                     
  |              |  +-- Coelaturini **    
--+              +--+                  
  |                 +-- Indochinellini ** 
  |                                    
  |  +----------------- Unioninae      
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Rectidentini   
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Ambleminae     
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Chamberlainiini
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Lamprotulini   
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Pseudodontini  
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.928 13 13 11 4 78 61 3 25.0 
              +-------- Lamellidentini ** 
  +-----------+                        
  |           |  +----- Leoparreysiini ** 
  |           +--+                     
  |              |  +-- Coelaturini **    
--+              +--+                  
  |                 +-- Indochinellini ** 
  |                                    
  |  +----------------- Unioninae      
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Rectidentini   
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Ambleminae     
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Chamberlainiini
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Lamprotulini   
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Pseudodontini  
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Gonideini

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.984 7 7 5 4 49 48 3 25.0 
        +----- Unioninae     
  +-----+                    
  |     |  +-- Ambleminae    
  |     +--+                 
--+        +-- Gonideinae    
  |                          
  |  +-------- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                       
     |  +----- Parreysiini **   
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Leoparreysiini **
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.965 5 5 3 4 40 38 3 27.0 
  +----------------- Ambleminae     
  |                                 
  |     +----------- Rectidentini   
  |     |                           
  |  +--+        +-- Schepmaniini   
--+  |  |  +-----+                  
  |  |  |  |     +-- Pseudodontini  
  |  |  +--+                        
  |  |     |  +----- Caudiculatus   
  |  |     +--+                     
  |  |        |  +-- Potomida       
  +--+        +--+                  
     |           +-- Gonideini      
     |                              
     |        +----- Unioninae      
     |  +-----+                     
     |  |     |  +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  |     +--+                  
     +--+        +-- Discomya       
        |                           
        |  +-------- Lamellidentini ** 
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Leoparreysiini ** 
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Indochinellini ** 
              +--+                  
                 +-- Coelaturini **

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 11 11 9 4 20 10 1 19.0 
  +----------- Gonideinae    
--+                          
  |  +-------- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                       
     |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.871 24 24 22 4 25 23 1 31.0 
  +----------- Gonideinae    
--+                          
  |  +-------- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                       
     |  +----- Parreysiini **   
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Leoparreysiini **
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.946 3 3 0 3 119 108 3 29.0 
                 +-- Coelaturini **    
                 |                  
  +--------------+-- Leoparreysiini ** 
  |              |                  
  |              +-- Indochinellini ** 
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Unioninae      
  |  |                              
  +--+  +----------- Rectidentini   
     |  |                           
     +--+  +-------- Ambleminae     
        |  |                        
        +--+     +-- Chamberlainiini
           |  +--+                  
           |  |  +-- Lamprotulini   
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Pseudodontini  
              +--+                  
                 +-- Gonideini

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.907 3 3 0 3 38 36 3 28.0 
        +-- Gonideinae    
  +-----+                 
  |     +-- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Unioninae     
  |  |                    
  +--+  +-- Coelaturini **   
     |  |                 
     +--+-- Indochinellini **
        |                 
        +-- Parreysiini **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.981 3 3 1 3 38 36 3 27.0 
           +-- Gonideinae    
  +--------+                 
  |        +-- Ambleminae    
--+                          
  |  +-------- Unioninae     
  +--+                       
     |  +----- Parreysiini **   
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.929 3 3 1 3 41 39 3 27.0 
  +----------------------- Gonideinae    
  |                                      
  |  +-------------------- Ambleminae    
--+  |                                   
  |  |                 +-- Anemina       
  |  |  +--------------+                 
  |  |  |              +-- Amuranodonta  
  +--+  |                                
     |  |           +----- Parreysiini **   
     |  +-----------+                    
     |  |           |  +-- Coelaturini **   
     |  |           +--+                 
     +--+              +-- Indochinellini **
        |                                
        |           +----- Pletholophus  
        |  +--------+                    
        |  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta   
        |  |        +--+                 
        |  |           +-- Beringiana    
        +--+                             
           |  +----------- Cristaria     
           |  |                          
           |  |        +-- Alasmidontina 
           +--+--------+                 
              |        +-- Anodontina    
              |                          
              |  +-------- Lanceolariini 
              +--+                       
                 |  +----- Lepidodesmini 
                 +--+                    
                    |  +-- Acuticostini  
                    +--+                 
                       +-- Unionini

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.911 3 3 0 3 41 39 3 28.0 
        +-- Gonideinae    
  +-----+                 
  |     +-- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Unioninae     
  |  |                    
  +--+  +-- Coelaturini **   
     |  |                 
     +--+-- Indochinellini **
        |                 
        +-- Parreysiini **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.982 3 3 1 3 38 36 3 27.0 
           +-- Gonideinae    
  +--------+                 
  |        +-- Ambleminae    
--+                          
  |  +-------- Unioninae     
  +--+                       
     |  +----- Parreysiini **   
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.964 3 3 1 3 38 36 3 27.0 
           +-- Ambleminae    
  +--------+                 
  |        +-- Gonideinae    
--+                          
  |  +-------- Unioninae     
  +--+                       
     |  +----- Parreysiini **   
     +--+                    
        |  +-- Coelaturini **   
        +--+                 
           +-- Indochinellini **

Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 13 13 11 3 5 5 1 29.0 
  +-------- Gonideinae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Leoparreysiini **
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Coelaturini **   
     +--+                 
        +-- Indochinellini **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 3 3 1 3 7 7 1 32.0 
  +-------- Unioninae     
--+                       
  |  +----- Indochinellini **
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                 
        +-- Leoparreysiini **

Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.824 36 36 22 3 0 0 0 44.0 
  +----- Leoparreysiini **
--+                    
  |  +-- Indochinellini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Coelaturini **

Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.824 36 36 20 3 0 0 0 46.0 
  +----- Leoparreysiini **
--+                    
  |  +-- Indochinellini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Coelaturini **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 15 15 13 3 0 0 0 32.0 
  +----- Indochinellini **
--+                    
  |  +-- Parreysiini **   
  +--+                 
     +-- Leoparreysiini **

Imsong & Murali, 2023 [Publ 4370], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 3 3 1 3 0 0 0 30.0 
  +----- Lamellidentini **
--+                    
  |  +-- Indochinellini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Parreysiini **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 27 3 -- 
        +-- Lamellidentini **
  +-----+                 
  |     +-- Coelaturini **   
--+                       
  |  +----- Unioninae     
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Ambleminae    
     +--+                 
        +-- Gonideinae

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.967 2 2 0 2 12 11 3 -- 
        +-- Lamellidentini **
  +-----+                 
  |     +-- Coelaturini **   
--+                       
  |  +----- Ambleminae    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Unioninae     
     +--+                 
        +-- Gonideinae

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.778 2 11 0 2 15 4 2 38.5 
              +-------- Unionini      
  +-----------+                       
  |           |  +----- Pleurobemini  
  |           +--+                    
  |              |  +-- Anodontini    
--+              +--+                 
  |                 +-- Lampsilini    
  |                                   
  |  +----------------- Parreysiini **   
  |  |                                
  +--+  +-------------- Coelaturini **   
     |  |                             
     |  |     +-------- Castaliini    
     +--+  +--+                       
        |  |  |  +----- Rhipidodontini
        |  |  +--+                    
        |  |     |  +-- Hyridellini   
        +--+     +--+                 
           |        +-- Velesunioninae
           |                          
           |  +-------- Iridininae    
           |  |                       
           +--+  +----- Anodontitinae 
              |  |                    
              +--+----- Mycetopodinae 
                 |                    
                 |  +-- Etheria       
                 +--+                 
                    +-- Mulleria

Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.833 9 9 12 2 2 1 1 30.0 
  +----- Margaritiferinae
  |                      
--+----- Unioninae       
  |                      
  |  +-- Leoparreysiini **  
  +--+                   
     +-- Coelaturini **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 27 1 -- 
  +----- Unioninae     
--+                    
  |  +-- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Indochinellini **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 27 1 -- 
  +----- Unioninae     
--+                    
  |  +-- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Indochinellini **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.933 3 3 1 2 19 17 1 29.0 
  +----- Unioninae     
--+                    
  |  +-- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Indochinellini **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.967 3 3 1 2 19 17 1 29.0 
  +----- Unioninae     
--+                    
  |  +-- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Indochinellini **

Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 2 32 30 1 -- 
  +----- Unioninae     
--+                    
  |  +-- Indochinellini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Lamellidentini **

Konopleva et al., 2020 [Publ 4072], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 12 12 9 2 0 0 0 28.0 
  +-- Leoparreysiini **
--+                 
  +-- Lamellidentini **

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.912 1 1 0 1 33 17 3 -- 
  +-------------- Coelaturini **     
  |                               
--+  +----------- Pseudomulleria  
  |  |                            
  +--+  +-------- Anodontini      
     |  |                         
     +--+  +----- Gonideinae      
        |  |                      
        +--+----- Unionini        
           |                      
           |  +-- Margaritiferinae
           +--+                   
              +-- Ambleminae

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.824 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 -- 
  +-------------------- Amblemini              
  |                                            
  +-------------------- Coelaturini **            
  |                                            
  +-------------------- Eurynia                
  |                                            
  +-------------------- Fusconaia              
  |                                            
  +-------------------- Gonideinae             
  |                                            
  +-------------------- Pleurobema             
  |                                            
  +-------------------- Quadrulini             
--+                                            
  |        +----------- Ortmanniana            
  +--------+                                   
  |        |  +-------- Glebula                
  |        +--+                                
  |           |  +----- Potamilus              
  |           +--+                             
  |              |  +-- Ligumia                
  |              +--+                          
  |                 +-- Toxolasma              
  |                                            
  |  +----------------- Cyrtonaias             
  |  |                                         
  +--+  +-------------- Unionini               
     |  |                                      
     |  |  +----------- Anodontini             
     +--+  |                                   
        |  |     +----- Iridininae             
        |  |     |                             
        +--+  +--+  +-- Anodontites_guanarensis
           |  |  |  |                          
           |  |  +--+-- Anodontites_trigona    
           |  |     |                          
           +--+     +-- Monocondylaeinae       
              |                                
              |  +----- Rhipidodontini         
              |  |                             
              |  +----- Echyridella            
              +--+                             
                 +----- Lortiella              
                 |                             
                 |  +-- Castaliini             
                 +--+                          
                    +-- Velesunio

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.882 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 -- 
  +----------- Coelaturini **     
--+                            
  |  +-------- Margaritiferinae
  +--+                         
     |  +----- Gonideinae      
     +--+                      
        |  +-- Unioninae       
        +--+                   
           +-- Ambleminae

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.853 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 -- 
  +----------- Coelaturini **     
--+                            
  |  +-------- Margaritiferinae
  +--+                         
     |  +----- Ambleminae      
     +--+                      
        |  +-- Gonideinae      
        +--+                   
           +-- Unioninae

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.882 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 -- 
  +----------------------------- Gonideinae 
  |                                         
--+  +-------------------------- Coelaturini **
  |  |                                      
  +--+  +----------------------- Fusconaia  
     |  |                                   
     |  +----------------------- Amblemini  
     +--+                                   
        |  +-------------------- Quadrulini 
        |  |                                
        +--+  +----------------- Pleurobema 
           |  |                             
           +--+  +-------------- Eurynia    
              |  |                          
              |  |           +-- Cyrtonaias 
              +--+-----------+              
                 |           +-- Unioninae  
                 |                          
                 |  +----------- Ortmanniana
                 +--+                       
                    |  +-------- Glebula    
                    +--+                    
                       |  +----- Potamilus  
                       +--+                 
                          |  +-- Ligumia    
                          +--+              
                             +-- Toxolasma

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 -- 
  +-------- Coelaturini **
--+                    
  |  +----- Unioninae  
  +--+                 
     |  +-- Gonideinae 
     +--+              
        +-- Ambleminae

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.977 1 1 0 1 46 24 3 -- 
  +-------- Pseudodontini
  |                      
--+  +----- Coelaturini **  
  |  |                   
  |  +----- Rectidentini 
  +--+                   
     +----- Unioninae    
     |                   
     |  +-- Gonideini    
     +--+                
        +-- Ambleminae

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.930 1 1 0 1 46 24 3 -- 
  +----------------- Coelaturini **   
--+                                
  |  +-------------- Pseudomulleria
  +--+                             
     |  +----------- Unioninae     
     +--+                          
        |  +-------- Rectidentini  
        +--+                       
           |  +----- Ambleminae    
           +--+                    
              |  +-- Gonideini     
              +--+                 
                 +-- Pseudodontini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.927 1 1 0 1 45 23 3 -- 
  +-------------------- Coelaturini **     
--+                                     
  |  +----------------- Pseudomulleria  
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------------- Margaritiferinae
     +--+                               
        |  +----------- Pseudodontini   
        +--+                            
           |  +-------- Rectidentini    
           +--+                         
              |  +----- Unioninae       
              +--+                      
                 |  +-- Gonideini       
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Ambleminae

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.929 1 1 0 1 45 23 3 -- 
  +-------------------------- Coelaturini **     
  |                                           
  |              +----------- Pseudodontini   
  |  +-----------+                            
--+  |           |  +-------- Rectidentini    
  |  |           +--+                         
  |  |              |  +----- Unioninae       
  |  |              +--+                      
  +--+                 |  +-- Gonideini       
     |                 +--+                   
     |                    +-- Ambleminae      
     |                                        
     |  +-------------------- Margaritiferinae
     |  |                                     
     +--+                 +-- Velesunioninae  
        |  +--------------+                   
        |  |              +-- Hyriinae        
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Pseudomulleria  
           |  |                               
           +--+  +----------- Mulleria        
              |  |                            
              +--+  +-------- Etheria         
                 |  |                         
                 +--+     +-- Monocondylaeinae
                    |  +--+                   
                    |  |  +-- Anodontitinae   
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Iridininae      
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Aspathariinae

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.756 1 1 0 1 24 24 3 -- 
  +-------------------------------- Lamellidentini **
  |                                               
--+  +----------------------------- Unioninae     
  |  |                                            
  +--+  +-------------------------- Lamprotulini  
     |  |                                         
     +--+  +----------------------- Quadrulini    
        |  |                                      
        +--+  +-------------------- Gonideini     
           |  |                                   
           |  |              +----- Eurynia       
           +--+  +-----------+                    
              |  |           |  +-- Cambarunio    
              |  |           +--+                 
              |  |              +-- Ptychobranchus
              +--+                                
                 |              +-- Amblemini     
                 |  +-----------+                 
                 |  |           +-- Pleurobema    
                 +--+                             
                    |  +----------- Truncilla     
                    |  |                          
                    +--+        +-- Lampsilis     
                       |  +-----+                 
                       |  |     +-- Epioblasma    
                       +--+                       
                          |  +----- Ligumia       
                          +--+                    
                             |  +-- Obliquaria    
                             +--+                 
                                +-- Ortmanniana

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 28 5 3 -- 
  +-------- Gonideinae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Unioninae     
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Ambleminae    
     +--+                 
        +-- Indochinellini **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 33 10 3 -- 
     +-- Ambleminae    
  +--+                 
  |  +-- Indochinellini **
--+                    
  |  +-- Gonideinae    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unioninae

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 33 10 3 -- 
     +-- Ambleminae    
  +--+                 
  |  +-- Indochinellini **
--+                    
  |  +-- Gonideinae    
  +--+                 
     +-- Unioninae

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.939 1 1 0 1 68 45 3 -- 
  +-------- Indochinellini **
--+                       
  |  +----- Unioninae     
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Ambleminae    
     +--+                 
        +-- Gonideinae

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.939 1 1 0 1 68 45 3 -- 
  +-------------- Indochinellini ** 
--+                              
  |  +----------- Unioninae      
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Chamberlainiini
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Ambleminae     
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Lamprotulini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Gonideini

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.939 1 1 0 1 68 45 3 -- 
  +-------- Indochinellini **
--+                       
  |  +----- Unioninae     
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Ambleminae    
     +--+                 
        +-- Gonideinae

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.773 1 1 0 1 14 8 3 -- 
  +----------- Lamellidentini **
  |                          
  +----------- Gonideinae    
  |                          
--+        +-- Pleurobemini  
  |        |                 
  |  +-----+-- Lampsilini    
  |  |     |                 
  |  |     +-- Unioninae     
  +--+                       
     |  +----- Neotrigonia   
     |  |                    
     +--+  +-- Hyriini       
        |  |                 
        +--+-- Hyridellini   
           |                 
           +-- Velesunioninae

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.682 1 1 0 1 14 8 3 -- 
  +-- Aculamprotulina
  |                  
  +-- Lamprotula     
  |                  
  +-- Lampsilini     
  |                  
  +-- Potomida       
  |                  
--+-- Unio_pictorum  
  |                  
  +-- Anodontini     
  |                  
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri
  |                  
  +-- Lamellidentini ** 
  |                  
  +-- Pleurobemini

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.545 2 10 0 1 14 8 3 36.0 
                          +----- Hyriini                
  +-----------------------+                             
  |                       |  +-- Velesunioninae         
  |                       +--+                          
--+                          +-- Hyridellini            
  |                                                     
  |  +-------------------------- Lamellidens_mainwaringi **
  +--+                                                  
     |  +----------------------- Lamprotula             
     +--+                                               
        |  +-------------------- Potomida               
        +--+                                            
           |  +----------------- Lampsilini             
           +--+                                         
              |  +-------------- Pleurobemini           
              +--+                                      
                 |  +----------- Aculamprotulina        
                 +--+                                   
                    |  +-------- Unio_pictorum          
                    +--+                                
                       |  +----- Anodontini             
                       +--+                             
                          |  +-- Unio_ravoisieri        
                          +--+                          
                             +-- Lamellidens_corrianus **

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 19 15 3 -- 
  +-------- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Gonideinae    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Indochinellini **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unioninae

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.981 1 1 0 1 36 34 3 -- 
  +-------- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Gonideinae    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unioninae

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.963 1 1 0 1 38 36 3 -- 
     +-- Lamellidentini **
  +--+                 
  |  +-- Unioninae     
--+                    
  |  +-- Ambleminae    
  +--+                 
     +-- Gonideinae

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.988 1 1 0 1 94 83 3 -- 
  +-------- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Gonideinae    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unioninae

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.951 1 1 0 1 94 83 3 -- 
  +-------- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Gonideinae    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unioninae

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.976 1 1 0 1 90 84 3 -- 
  +-------- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Gonideinae    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unioninae

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.976 1 1 0 1 90 84 3 -- 
  +-------- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Gonideinae    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unioninae

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 52 50 3 -- 
  +-------- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Gonideinae    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unioninae

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.966 1 1 0 1 139 112 3 -- 
  +-------- Ambleminae    
--+                       
  |  +----- Gonideinae    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Lamellidentini **
     +--+                 
        +-- Unioninae

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 14 2 2 -- 
  +----- Unioninae     
--+                    
  |  +-- Ambleminae    
  +--+                 
     +-- Indochinellini **

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 14 2 2 -- 
  +----- Unioninae     
--+                    
  |  +-- Indochinellini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Ambleminae

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.970 1 1 0 1 23 23 2 -- 
  +----- Indochinellini **
--+                    
  |  +-- Unioninae     
  +--+                 
     +-- Gonideinae

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 1 29 29 2 -- 
  +----- Parreysiini **
--+                 
  |  +-- Gonideinae 
  +--+              
     +-- Unioninae

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.933 2 2 0 1 29 29 2 -- 
  +----- Parreysiini **
--+                 
  |  +-- Gonideinae 
  +--+              
     +-- Unioninae

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.800 12 12 9 1 39 37 1 25.0 
  +----- Pseudodontini 
--+                    
  |  +-- Indochinellini **
  +--+                 
     +-- Rectidentini

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.929 1 1 0 1 8 8 1 -- 
  +----- Rectidentini  
--+                    
  |  +-- Pseudodontini 
  +--+                 
     +-- Indochinellini **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.974 14 14 10 1 68 68 1 38.0 
  +-- Indochinellini **
--+                 
  +-- Gonideinae

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.952 1 1 0 1 13 13 1 -- 
  +-- Indochinellini **
--+                 
  +-- Unioninae

Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.667 11 11 12 1 17 13 1 36.0 
  +-------- Coelaturini **  
--+                      
  |  +----- Unioninae    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Iridininae   
     +--+                
        +-- Aspathariinae

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 27 27 1 -- 
  +-- Indochinellini **
--+                 
  +-- Unioninae

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 5 5 3 1 0 0 0 25.0 
-- Lamellidentini **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 5 5 3 1 0 0 0 31.0 
-- Leoparreysia **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 9 9 6 1 0 0 0 29.0 
-- Lamellidentini **