Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae

subfamily PARREYSIINAE Henderson, 1935: cladomics

5 tribes

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 112 (118 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: tribe) = 5
analyzed in 103 cladograms in 63 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 85 (mean = 14.68, median = 3)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) = 5 (mean = 2.63, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 68
maximum number of included terminals = 85, (mean = 21.72 median = 11.5)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) = 5 (mean = 3.47, median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.94

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 49
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (tribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 85 (mean = 21.82, median = 10)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) = 5 (mean = 3.84, median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.94

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Parreysiinae cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Parreysiinae cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.924 29 29 27 5 110 85 3 **
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI LIMNOSCAPHINI PSEUDODONTINI UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINI CHAMBERLAINIINI LAMPROTULINI

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.837 29 29 26 5 110 85 3 6.0
Cladomics cladogram PARREYSIINI LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE LIMNOSCAPHINI AMBLEMINAE PSEUDODONTINI GONIDEINI CHAMBERLAINIINI LAMPROTULINI

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.630 38 38 28 5 87 87 3 39.0
Cladomics cladogram PSEUDODONTINI LIMNOSCAPHINI UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE Chamberlainia Sinohyriopsis Lamprotula caveata Lamprotula leaii Potomida Pronodularia Gonidea Leguminaia wheatleyi Leguminaia Microcondylaea Sinosolenaia carinata Sinosolenaia oleivora Sinosolenaia recognita Trapezidens Lamellidens lamellatus Lamellidens jenkinsianus Lamellidens generosus Lamellidens mainwaringi Lamellidens ferrugineus Lamellidens marginalis Lamellidens savadiensis Lamellidens corrianus 1 PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI Indochinella Scabies Radiatula Indonaia shurtleffiana Indonaia rugosa Indonaia andersoniana Indonaia caerulea Indonaia bonneaudii Lamellidens corrianus 2

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.813 24 24 22 5 58 58 3 16.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI PSEUDODONTINI LIMNOSCAPHINI UNIONINAE Lamprotula Potomida Pronodularia Gonidea Leguminaia Microcondylaea AMBLEMINI Ortmanniana Lampsilis Cambarunio Elliptio Pleurobema QUADRULINI

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.922 34 34 30 5 167 128 3 18.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE LIMNOSCAPHINI AMBLEMINAE CHAMBERLAINIINI LAMPROTULINI GONIDEINI PSEUDODONTINI

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.913 34 34 30 5 165 126 3 21.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI PSEUDODONTINI LIMNOSCAPHINI UNIONINAE CHAMBERLAINIINI AMBLEMINAE LAMPROTULINI GONIDEINI

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.826 34 34 25 5 167 128 3 17.0
Cladomics cladogram PARREYSIINI LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI Chamberlainia Megalonaias Uniomerus QUADRULINA Sinohyriopsis LAMPROTULINI GONIDEINI PSEUDODONTINI LIMNOSCAPHINI UNIONINAE Amblema Toxolasma PLEUROBEMINI Obliquaria Plectomerus Ellipsaria Potamilus leptodon Medionidus Potamilus alatus Ptychobranchus Truncilla Venustaconcha Cambarunio Leaunio Ortmanniana Lampsilis

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.753 85 86 91 5 548 482 3 95.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE Lamellidens Balwantia Trapezidens LEOPARREYSIINI Pseudomulleria INDOCHINELLINI PARREYSIINI COELATURINI

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.891 41 41 39 5 76 71 1 36.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.927 40 40 37 5 71 71 1 37.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.931 54 54 52 5 4 4 1 39.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.931 54 54 50 5 4 4 1 43.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.931 54 54 52 5 4 4 1 43.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE PARREYSIINI LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.931 57 57 53 5 4 4 1 49.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.931 57 57 47 5 4 4 1 46.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE PARREYSIINI LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.929 62 62 60 5 1 1 1 51.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE Parreysia LEOPARREYSIINI LAMELLIDENTINI Assamnaia COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4833], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.840 24 25 24 5 3 1 1 32.0
Cladomics cladogram GIBBOSULINAE Lamellidens Trapezidens PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI Indochinella Indonaia Radiatula GONIDEINAE Harmandia Chenunionetta Unionetta fabagina 2 Unionetta fabagina 1 Scabies

Konopleva et al., 2026 [Publ 4847], fig. S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.929 66 66 64 5 1 1 1 53.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE Parreysia LEOPARREYSIINI LAMELLIDENTINI Assamnaia COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Konopleva et al., 2026 [Publ 4847], fig. S3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.929 66 66 54 5 1 1 1 54.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE Parreysia Assamnaia LEOPARREYSIINI LAMELLIDENTINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.952 27 27 25 5 1 0 0 28.0
Cladomics cladogram MARGARITIFERINAE LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3922], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 23 23 21 5 0 0 0 33.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI PARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.958 62 62 60 5 0 0 0 53.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI PARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Konopleva et al., 2026 [Publ 4847], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.958 66 66 63 5 0 0 0 54.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI PARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Konopleva et al., 2026 [Publ 4847], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.958 66 66 63 5 0 0 0 55.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI PARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.956 9 9 8 4 27 15 3 22.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI INDOCHINELLINI COELATURINI PSEUDODONTINI LIMNOSCAPHINI UNIONINAE GONIDEINI LAMPROTULINI AMBLEMINAE

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.956 9 9 7 4 27 15 3 22.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI INDOCHINELLINI COELATURINI LIMNOSCAPHINI PSEUDODONTINI UNIONINAE GONIDEINI LAMPROTULINI AMBLEMINAE

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 8 8 6 4 32 22 3 22.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.951 4 4 2 4 77 66 3 26.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE LIMNOSCAPHINI AMBLEMINAE CHAMBERLAINIINI LAMPROTULINI Parvasolenaia PSEUDODONTINI Sinosolenaia Gonidea Microcondylaea Leguminaia

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 10 10 8 4 47 40 3 25.0
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 10 10 8 4 47 40 3 25.0
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.952 13 13 11 4 78 61 3 23.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE LIMNOSCAPHINI AMBLEMINAE CHAMBERLAINIINI LAMPROTULINI PSEUDODONTINI GONIDEINI

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.928 13 13 11 4 78 61 3 25.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE LIMNOSCAPHINI AMBLEMINAE CHAMBERLAINIINI LAMPROTULINI PSEUDODONTINI GONIDEINI

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.984 7 7 5 4 49 48 3 25.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI INDOCHINELLINI

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.965 5 5 3 4 40 38 3 27.0
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE LIMNOSCAPHINI SCHEPMANIINI PSEUDODONTINI Caudiculatus Potomida GONIDEINI UNIONINAE CHAMBERLAINIINI Discomya LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI INDOCHINELLINI COELATURINI

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 11 11 9 4 20 10 1 19.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.871 24 24 22 4 25 23 1 31.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI INDOCHINELLINI

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.946 3 3 0 3 119 108 3 29.0
Cladomics cladogram COELATURINI LEOPARREYSIINI INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE LIMNOSCAPHINI AMBLEMINAE CHAMBERLAINIINI LAMPROTULINI PSEUDODONTINI GONIDEINI

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.907 3 3 0 3 38 36 3 28.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE AMBLEMINAE UNIONINAE COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI PARREYSIINI

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.981 3 3 1 3 38 36 3 27.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE AMBLEMINAE UNIONINAE PARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.929 3 3 1 3 41 39 3 27.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE AMBLEMINAE Anemina Amuranodonta PARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI Pletholophus Sinanodonta Beringiana Cristaria ALASMIDONTINA ANODONTINA LANCEOLARIINI LEPIDODESMINI ACUTICOSTINI UNIONINI

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.911 3 3 0 3 41 39 3 28.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE AMBLEMINAE UNIONINAE COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI PARREYSIINI

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.982 3 3 1 3 38 36 3 27.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE AMBLEMINAE UNIONINAE PARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.964 3 3 1 3 38 36 3 27.0
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE PARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 13 13 11 3 5 5 1 29.0
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI INDOCHINELLINI

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 7 7 1 32.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE INDOCHINELLINI LAMELLIDENTINI LEOPARREYSIINI

Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.824 36 36 22 3 0 0 0 44.0
Cladomics cladogram LEOPARREYSIINI INDOCHINELLINI COELATURINI

Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.824 36 36 20 3 0 0 0 46.0
Cladomics cladogram LEOPARREYSIINI INDOCHINELLINI COELATURINI

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 15 15 13 3 0 0 0 32.0
Cladomics cladogram INDOCHINELLINI PARREYSIINI LEOPARREYSIINI

Imsong & Murali, 2023 [Publ 4370], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 3 3 1 3 0 0 0 30.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI INDOCHINELLINI PARREYSIINI

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 27 3 --
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI COELATURINI UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.967 2 2 0 2 12 11 3 --
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI COELATURINI AMBLEMINAE UNIONINAE GONIDEINAE

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.778 2 11 0 2 15 4 2 38.5
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINI PLEUROBEMINI ANODONTINI LAMPSILINI PARREYSIINI COELATURINI CASTALIINI RHIPIDODONTINI HYRIDELLINI VELESUNIONINAE IRIDININAE ANODONTITINAE MYCETOPODINAE Etheria Mulleria

Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 9 9 12 2 2 1 1 30.0
Cladomics cladogram MARGARITIFERINAE UNIONINAE LEOPARREYSIINI COELATURINI

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 27 1 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE LAMELLIDENTINI INDOCHINELLINI

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 29 27 1 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE LAMELLIDENTINI INDOCHINELLINI

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.933 3 3 1 2 19 17 1 29.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE LAMELLIDENTINI INDOCHINELLINI

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.967 3 3 1 2 19 17 1 29.0
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE LAMELLIDENTINI INDOCHINELLINI

Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 2 32 30 1 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE INDOCHINELLINI LAMELLIDENTINI

Konopleva et al., 2020 [Publ 4072], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 12 12 9 2 0 0 0 28.0
Cladomics cladogram LEOPARREYSIINI LAMELLIDENTINI

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.912 1 1 0 1 33 17 3 --
Cladomics cladogram COELATURINI Pseudomulleria ANODONTINI GONIDEINAE UNIONINI MARGARITIFERINAE AMBLEMINAE

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.824 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINI COELATURINI Eurynia Fusconaia GONIDEINAE Pleurobema QUADRULINI Ortmanniana Glebula Potamilus Ligumia Toxolasma Cyrtonaias UNIONINI ANODONTINI IRIDININAE Anodontites guanarensis Anodontites trigona MONOCONDYLAEINAE RHIPIDODONTINI Echyridella Lortiella CASTALIINI Velesunio

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.882 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 --
Cladomics cladogram COELATURINI MARGARITIFERINAE GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.853 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 --
Cladomics cladogram COELATURINI MARGARITIFERINAE AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.882 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 --
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE COELATURINI Fusconaia AMBLEMINI QUADRULINI Pleurobema Eurynia Cyrtonaias UNIONINAE Ortmanniana Glebula Potamilus Ligumia Toxolasma

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 30 17 3 --
Cladomics cladogram COELATURINI UNIONINAE GONIDEINAE AMBLEMINAE

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.977 1 1 0 1 46 24 3 --
Cladomics cladogram PSEUDODONTINI COELATURINI LIMNOSCAPHINI UNIONINAE GONIDEINI AMBLEMINAE

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.930 1 1 0 1 46 24 3 --
Cladomics cladogram COELATURINI Pseudomulleria UNIONINAE LIMNOSCAPHINI AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINI PSEUDODONTINI

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.927 1 1 0 1 45 23 3 --
Cladomics cladogram COELATURINI Pseudomulleria MARGARITIFERINAE PSEUDODONTINI LIMNOSCAPHINI UNIONINAE GONIDEINI AMBLEMINAE

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.929 1 1 0 1 45 23 3 --
Cladomics cladogram COELATURINI PSEUDODONTINI LIMNOSCAPHINI UNIONINAE GONIDEINI AMBLEMINAE MARGARITIFERINAE VELESUNIONINAE HYRIINAE Pseudomulleria Mulleria Etheria MONOCONDYLAEINAE ANODONTITINAE IRIDININAE ASPATHARIINAE

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.756 1 1 0 1 24 24 3 --
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI UNIONINAE LAMPROTULINI QUADRULINI GONIDEINI Eurynia Cambarunio Ptychobranchus AMBLEMINI Pleurobema Truncilla Lampsilis Epioblasma Ligumia Obliquaria Ortmanniana

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 28 5 3 --
Cladomics cladogram GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE INDOCHINELLINI

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 33 10 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE INDOCHINELLINI GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 33 10 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE INDOCHINELLINI GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.939 1 1 0 1 68 45 3 --
Cladomics cladogram INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.939 1 1 0 1 68 45 3 --
Cladomics cladogram INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE CHAMBERLAINIINI AMBLEMINAE LAMPROTULINI GONIDEINI

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.939 1 1 0 1 68 45 3 --
Cladomics cladogram INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.773 1 1 0 1 14 8 3 --
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI GONIDEINAE PLEUROBEMINI LAMPSILINI UNIONINAE Neotrigonia HYRIINI HYRIDELLINI VELESUNIONINAE

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.682 1 1 0 1 14 8 3 --
Cladomics cladogram ACULAMPROTULINA Lamprotula LAMPSILINI Potomida Unio pictorum ANODONTINI Unio ravoisieri LAMELLIDENTINI PLEUROBEMINI

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.545 2 10 0 1 14 8 3 38.0
Cladomics cladogram HYRIINI VELESUNIONINAE HYRIDELLINI Lamellidens phenchooganjensis Lamprotula Potomida LAMPSILINI PLEUROBEMINI ACULAMPROTULINA Unio pictorum ANODONTINI Unio ravoisieri Lamellidens corrianus

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 19 15 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.981 1 1 0 1 36 34 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI UNIONINAE

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.963 1 1 0 1 38 36 3 --
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.988 1 1 0 1 94 83 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI UNIONINAE

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.951 1 1 0 1 94 83 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI UNIONINAE

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.976 1 1 0 1 90 84 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI UNIONINAE

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.976 1 1 0 1 90 84 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI UNIONINAE

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 52 50 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI UNIONINAE

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.966 1 1 0 1 139 112 3 --
Cladomics cladogram AMBLEMINAE GONIDEINAE LAMELLIDENTINI UNIONINAE

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 212 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE AMBLEMINAE INDOCHINELLINI

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 213 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram UNIONINAE INDOCHINELLINI AMBLEMINAE

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.970 1 1 0 1 23 23 2 --
Cladomics cladogram INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE GONIDEINAE

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 2 2 0 1 29 29 2 --
Cladomics cladogram PARREYSIINI GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.933 2 2 0 1 29 29 2 --
Cladomics cladogram PARREYSIINI GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4852], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 19 17 2 --
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI GONIDEINAE UNIONINAE

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.800 12 12 9 1 39 37 1 25.0
Cladomics cladogram PSEUDODONTINI INDOCHINELLINI LIMNOSCAPHINI

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.929 1 1 0 1 8 8 1 --
Cladomics cladogram LIMNOSCAPHINI PSEUDODONTINI INDOCHINELLINI

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.974 14 14 10 1 68 68 1 38.0
Cladomics cladogram INDOCHINELLINI GONIDEINAE

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.952 1 1 0 1 13 13 1 --
Cladomics cladogram INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE

Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.667 11 11 12 1 17 13 1 36.0
Cladomics cladogram COELATURINI UNIONINAE IRIDININAE ASPATHARIINAE

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 27 27 1 --
Cladomics cladogram INDOCHINELLINI UNIONINAE

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 1 0 0 0 25.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 3 1 0 0 0 31.0
Cladomics cladogram Leoparreysia

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 9 9 6 1 0 0 0 29.0
Cladomics cladogram LAMELLIDENTINI