Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Quadrulini

subtribe QUADRULINA Ihering, 1901: cladomics

4 genera

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 20 (25 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 4
analyzed in 188 cladograms in 114 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 17 (mean = 2.22, median = 1)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 4 (mean = 1.44, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 64
maximum number of included terminals = 17, (mean = 4.59 median = 2)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 4 (mean = 2.28, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.89

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 26
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 17 (mean = 7.58, median = 6)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 4 (mean = 3.15, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.85

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Quadrulina cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Quadrulina cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
17 17 15 4 10 5 2 0 
  +-------------- Megalonaias
--+                          
  |  +----------- Uniomerus  
  +--+                       
     |  +-------- Theliderma ** 
     +--+                    
        |  +----- Cyclonaias ** 
        +--+                 
           |  +-- Quadrula **   
           +--+              
              +-- Pustulosa **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
17 17 15 4 12 2 2 18 
  +-------------------------- Uniomerus           
  |                                               
--+  +----------------------- Theliderma **          
  |  |                                            
  +--+  +-------------------- Quadrula **            
     |  |                                         
     +--+  +----------------- Pustulosa_kieneriana **
        |  |                                      
        |  |              +-- Pustulosa_infucata **  
        +--+  +-----------+                       
           |  |           +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana ** 
           |  |                                   
           +--+           +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa ** 
              |  +--------+                       
              |  |        +-- Pustulosa_succissa **  
              +--+                                
                 |  +-------- Cyclonaias **          
                 +--+                             
                    |  +----- Pustulosa_necki **     
                    +--+                          
                       |  +-- Pustulosa_petrina **   
                       +--+                       
                          +-- Pustulosa_nodulata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 4 14 4 2 19 
                          +-- Megalonaias         
  +-----------------------+                       
  |                       +-- Uniomerus           
  |                                               
--+  +----------------------- Quadrula_quadrula **   
  |  |                                            
  |  |                    +-- Quadrula_verrucosa **  
  +--+  +-----------------+                       
     |  |                 +-- Quadrula_nobilis **    
     |  |                                         
     +--+  +----------------- Theliderma **          
        |  |                                      
        |  |           +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana **
        +--+  +--------+                          
           |  |        |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata **  
           |  |        +--+                       
           +--+           +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana ** 
              |                                   
              |  +----------- Cyclonaias **          
              |  |                                
              +--+        +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa ** 
                 |  +-----+                       
                 |  |     +-- Pustulosa_succissa **  
                 +--+                             
                    |  +----- Pustulosa_nodulata **  
                    +--+                          
                       |  +-- Pustulosa_necki **     
                       +--+                       
                          +-- Pustulosa_petrina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 4 12 2 2 19 
  +----------------------------- Megalonaias         
  |                                                  
--+  +-------------------------- Uniomerus           
  |  |                                               
  +--+  +----------------------- Theliderma **          
     |  |                                            
     +--+  +-------------------- Quadrula_quadrula **   
        |  |                                         
        |  |                 +-- Quadrula_verrucosa **  
        +--+  +--------------+                       
           |  |              +-- Quadrula_nobilis **    
           |  |                                      
           |  |           +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana **
           +--+  +--------+                          
              |  |        |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata **  
              |  |        +--+                       
              |  |           +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana ** 
              +--+                                   
                 |           +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa ** 
                 |  +--------+                       
                 |  |        +-- Pustulosa_succissa **  
                 +--+                                
                    |  +-------- Cyclonaias **          
                    +--+                             
                       |  +----- Pustulosa_necki **     
                       +--+                          
                          |  +-- Pustulosa_petrina **   
                          +--+                       
                             +-- Pustulosa_nodulata **

Szumowski et al., 2012 [Publ 3569], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 14 12 3 1 1 1 16 
  +----- Megalonaias
  |                 
--+----- Theliderma ** 
  |                 
  |  +-- Quadrula **   
  +--+              
     +-- Pustulosa **

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 16 1 1 18 
  +----------- Megalonaias       
  |                              
--+        +-- Quadrula_verrucosa **
  |  +-----+                     
  |  |     +-- Quadrula_nobilis **  
  +--+                           
     |  +----- Quadrula_quadrula ** 
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Theliderma **        
        +--+                     
           +-- Pustulosa **

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 10 3 16 1 1 13 
  +-------- Megalonaias
--+                    
  |  +----- Theliderma ** 
  +--+                 
     |  +-- Quadrula **   
     +--+              
        +-- Pustulosa **

Johnson et al., 2018 [Publ 3844], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 4 4 2 2 17 
  +-------------------------- Megalonaias         
  |                                               
--+  +----------------------- Uniomerus           
  |  |                                            
  +--+  +-------------------- Theliderma **          
     |  |                                         
     +--+  +----------------- Quadrula **            
        |  |                                      
        |  |           +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana **
        +--+  +--------+                          
           |  |        |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata **  
           |  |        +--+                       
           |  |           +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana ** 
           +--+                                   
              |           +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa ** 
              |  +--------+                       
              |  |        +-- Pustulosa_succissa **  
              +--+                                
                 |  +-------- Cyclonaias **          
                 +--+                             
                    |  +----- Pustulosa_necki **     
                    +--+                          
                       |  +-- Pustulosa_nodulata **  
                       +--+                       
                          +-- Pustulosa_petrina **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 4 64 2 1 18 
  +-------------------- Uniomerus          
  |                                        
--+  +----------------- Theliderma **         
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +-------------- Quadrula_verrucosa ** 
     |  |                                  
     |  |           +-- Quadrula_quadrula **  
     +--+  +--------+                      
        |  |        +-- Quadrula_nobilis **   
        |  |                               
        +--+        +-- Pustulosa_infucata ** 
           |  +-----+                      
           |  |     +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana **
           +--+                            
              |  +----- Cyclonaias **         
              +--+                         
                 |  +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa **
                 +--+                      
                    +-- Pustulosa_succissa **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 6 4 93 2 2 15 
              +-- Megalonaias         
  +-----------+                       
  |           +-- Uniomerus           
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Theliderma **          
  |  |                                
  +--+  +-------- Quadrula **            
     |  |                             
     +--+  +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana **
        |  |                          
        |  |  +-- Cyclonaias **          
        +--+--+                       
           |  +-- Pustulosa_succissa **  
           |                          
           |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata **  
           +--+                       
              +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 6 4 64 2 1 19 
  +----------------- Uniomerus          
  |                                     
  |              +-- Quadrula_verrucosa ** 
--+  +-----------+                      
  |  |           +-- Quadrula_nobilis **   
  |  |                                  
  +--+  +----------- Quadrula_quadrula **  
     |  |                               
     |  +----------- Theliderma **         
     +--+                               
        |        +-- Pustulosa_infucata ** 
        |  +-----+                      
        |  |     +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana **
        +--+                            
           |  +----- Cyclonaias **         
           +--+                         
              |  +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa **
              +--+                      
                 +-- Pustulosa_succissa **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 6 4 93 2 2 17 
  +-------------------- Megalonaias         
  |                                         
--+  +----------------- Uniomerus           
  |  |                                      
  +--+  +-------------- Theliderma **          
     |  |                                   
     +--+  +----------- Quadrula_quadrula **   
        |  |                                
        |  |        +-- Quadrula_nobilis **    
        +--+  +-----+                       
           |  |     +-- Quadrula_verrucosa **  
           |  |                             
           +--+  +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana **
              |  |                          
              |  |  +-- Cyclonaias **          
              +--+--+                       
                 |  +-- Pustulosa_succissa **  
                 |                          
                 |  +-- Pustulosa_infucata **  
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 11 0 0 18 
  +-------------- Theliderma **          
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Quadrula_quadrula **   
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Pustulosa_infucata **  
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Quadrula_verrucosa **  
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Pustulosa_kieneriana **
           +--+                       
              +-- Pustulosa_succissa **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 3 36 0 0 17 
  +----------- Quadrula **           
  |                               
--+        +-- Pustulosa_infucata ** 
  |  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana **
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Cyclonaias **         
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Pustulosa_succissa ** 
        +--+                      
           +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 4 32 1 1 15 
  +----------- Theliderma **         
--+                               
  |  +-------- Quadrula **           
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Pustulosa_pustulosa **
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Cyclonaias **         
        +--+                      
           +-- Pustulosa_nodulata **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 4 29 1 1 19 
  +----------------- Megalonaias        
--+                                     
  |  +-------------- Quadrula_quadrula **  
  +--+                                  
     |  +----------- Quadrula_verrucosa ** 
     +--+                               
        |  +-------- Theliderma **         
        +--+                            
           |  +----- Pustulosa_pustulosa **
           +--+                         
              |  +-- Cyclonaias **         
              +--+                      
                 +-- Pustulosa_nodulata **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 3 36 0 0 17 
  +----------- Quadrula **           
  |                               
--+        +-- Pustulosa_infucata ** 
  |  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana **
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Cyclonaias **         
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Pustulosa_succissa ** 
        +--+                      
           +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 3 36 0 0 17 
  +----------- Quadrula **           
  |                               
--+        +-- Pustulosa_infucata ** 
  |  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana **
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Cyclonaias **         
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Pustulosa_succissa ** 
        +--+                      
           +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 3 37 1 1 17 
  +-------------- Uniomerus          
  |                                  
--+           +-- Pustulosa_infucata ** 
  |  +--------+                      
  |  |        +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana **
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Quadrula **           
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Cyclonaias **         
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Pustulosa_succissa ** 
           +--+                      
              +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa **

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 0 4 99 2 1 16 
  +----- Uniomerus             
  |                            
  |  +-- Cyclonaias **            
--+  |                         
  |  +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa__1 **
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Theliderma **            
  +--+                         
     +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa__2 **
     |                         
     +-- Quadrula_quadrula **     
     |                         
     +-- Quadrula_verrucosa **

Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 3 33 1 1 18 
  +-------------- Uniomerus          
--+                                  
  |  +----------- Quadrula_quadrula **  
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Quadrula_verrucosa ** 
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Pustulosa_pustulosa **
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Pustulosa_petrina **  
           +--+                      
              +-- Cyclonaias **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 2 2 16 
  +----------- Megalonaias       
--+                              
  |  +-------- Uniomerus         
  +--+                           
     |  +----- Quadrula_verrucosa **
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Cyclonaias **        
        +--+                     
           +-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 11 0 0 14 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 11 0 0 14 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 0 2 11 0 0 15 
  +-- Quadrula **          
  |                     
--+-- Pustulosa_infucata **
  |                     
  +-- Pustulosa_succissa **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 0 2 11 0 0 15 
  +-- Quadrula **          
  |                     
--+-- Pustulosa_infucata **
  |                     
  +-- Pustulosa_succissa **

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 34 1 1 16 
  +----- Quadrula **  
--+                
  |  +-- Cyclonaias **
  +--+             
     +-- Pustulosa **

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 9 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 78 0 0 -- 
1

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
1

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 0 0 -- 
  +-- Pustulosa **
--+            
  +-- Quadrula **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 10 0 2 17 2 2 23 
  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis  
  |                      
  +-- Utterbackia        
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
--+                      
  +-- Megalonaias        
  |                      
  +-- Obliquaria         
  |                      
  +-- Theliderma **         
  |                      
  +-- Quadrula **           
  |                      
  +-- Uniomerus

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 74 0 0 -- 
1

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 9 0 1 123 0 0 22 
  +-- Amblema           
  |                     
  +-- Ortmanniana       
  |                     
  +-- Lampsilis         
  |                     
  +-- Cambarunio        
  |                     
--+-- Elliptio          
  |                     
  +-- Eurynia           
  |                     
  +-- Pleurobema        
  |                     
  +-- Quadrula_quadrula ** 
  |                     
  +-- Quadrula_verrucosa **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
1

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 19 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 23 0 0 -- 
1

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 26 2 2 -- 
  +----- Megalonaias
--+                 
  |  +-- Quadrula **   
  +--+              
     +-- Theliderma **

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 2 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 19 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 9 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 11 0 2 9 0 0 24 
  +-------------- Quadrula **   
  |                          
--+-------------- Pustulosa **  
  |                          
  |  +----------- Pleurobema 
  +--+                       
     |  +-------- Amblema    
     +--+                    
        |  +----- Obovaria   
        +--+                 
           |  +-- Ortmanniana
           +--+              
              +-- Lampsilis

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 45 0 0 -- 
1

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 25 2 2 -- 
  +----- Megalonaias
--+                 
  |  +-- Quadrula **   
  +--+              
     +-- Theliderma **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 17 0 2 20 2 2 30 
  +-- Gonidea            
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis  
  |                      
  +-- Utterbackia        
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |                      
  +-- Megalonaias        
  |                      
  +-- Obliquaria         
  |                      
--+-- Theliderma **         
  |                      
  +-- Quadrula **           
  |                      
  +-- Uniomerus          
  |                      
  +-- Amblema            
  |                      
  +-- Elliptio           
  |                      
  +-- Fusconaia          
  |                      
  +-- Plectomerus        
  |                      
  +-- Aculamprotulina    
  |                      
  +-- Unionina

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 15 0 1 13 0 0 28 
  +-------------------- Quadrula_quadrula **    
  |                                          
  +-------------------- Quadrula_verrucosa **   
  |                                          
--+                 +-- Eurynia              
  |  +--------------+                        
  |  |              +-- Pleurobema           
  |  |                                       
  +--+  +-------------- Amblema              
     |  |                                    
     |  |           +-- Obovaria             
     |  |  +--------+                        
     +--+  |        +-- Ortmanniana          
        |  |                                 
        |  |        +-- Obliquaria           
        |  +--------+                        
        +--+        +-- Lampsilis_ornata     
           |                                 
           |     +----- Lampsilis_radiata__2 
           |  +--+                           
           |  |  |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
           |  |  +--+                        
           +--+     +-- Lampsilis_radiata__1 
              |                              
              |  +----- Lampsilis_virescens  
              +--+                           
                 |  +-- Lampsilis_hydiana    
                 +--+                        
                    +-- Lampsilis_straminea

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 40 0 0 -- 
  +-- Pustulosa **
--+            
  +-- Quadrula **

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 2 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 74 0 0 -- 
1

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 2 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 199 2 2 -- 
  +----- Quadrula **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Megalonaias
  +--+              
     +-- Uniomerus

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 17 0 2 20 2 2 30 
  +-- Gonidea            
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis  
  |                      
  +-- Utterbackia        
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |                      
  +-- Megalonaias        
  |                      
  +-- Obliquaria         
  |                      
--+-- Theliderma **         
  |                      
  +-- Quadrula **           
  |                      
  +-- Uniomerus          
  |                      
  +-- Amblema            
  |                      
  +-- Elliptio           
  |                      
  +-- Fusconaia          
  |                      
  +-- Plectomerus        
  |                      
  +-- Pleurobema         
  |                      
  +-- Unionina

Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 0 0 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Pustulosa **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 36 1 1 -- 
  +----- Megalonaias
--+                 
  |  +-- Cyclonaias ** 
  +--+              
     +-- Pustulosa **

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 31 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Megalonaias         
--+                             
  |  +----- Quadrula_quadrula__2 **
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Quadrula_quadrula__1 **
     +--+                       
        +-- Theliderma **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 137 0 0 -- 
1

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 137 0 0 -- 
1

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 197 2 2 -- 
  +----- Quadrula **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Megalonaias
  +--+              
     +-- Uniomerus

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 45 0 0 -- 
1

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
1

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 199 2 2 -- 
1

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 20 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 -- 
  +-- Uniomerus
--+            
  +-- Quadrula **

Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Uniomerus
--+            
  +-- Quadrula **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 -- 
  +-- Uniomerus
--+            
  +-- Quadrula **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 68 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Theliderma_metanevra **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_nobilis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 41 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 41 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 121 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Hauck et al., 2023 [Publ 4333], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 82 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 38 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 31 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 1 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3835], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 3 2 -- 
  +----- Quadrula **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Uniomerus  
  +--+              
     +-- Megalonaias

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 87 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 -- 
  +-- Uniomerus
--+            
  +-- Quadrula **

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 85 1 1 -- 
  +-- Quadrula ** 
--+            
  +-- Uniomerus

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Quadrula_quadrula **