The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
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Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae subfamily UNIONINAE Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics
5 tribes Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!
The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to
provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic
work supports the classification used here. The Cladomics Summary provides an
overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this
taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.
Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.
For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently
asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on
the FARQ! Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 222 (275 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: tribe) = 5
analyzed in 399 cladograms in 221 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
72 (mean = 10.9, median = 6)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 2.02, median = 2) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 352
maximum number of included terminals = 72, (mean =
12.23 median = 8)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 2.15, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.92 Rigorous Monophylynumber of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 165
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing
more than one subtaxon (tribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 72 (mean = 16.27, median = 12)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 3.13, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.87
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup
distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics
FARQ for more information.
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 46 | 46 | 44 | 5 | 49 | 38 | 3 | 0 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 45 | 45 | 36 | 5 | 154 | 115 | 3 | 50 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
--+ +--------+ +----- Lepidodesmini **
| | | |
| | +--+----- Unionini **
| | |
| | | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-- Rectidentini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 72 | 72 | 70 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 70 | 70 | 58 | 5 | 51 | 40 | 3 | 66 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----- Acuticostini **
| |
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
| +--------+
--+ | +----- Unionini **
| | |
| | | +-- Lanceolariini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Lens
| |
| +-- Ensidens
| |
| +--------+-- Physunio
| | |
| | +-- Rectidens
| | |
+--+ +-- Yaukthwa
|
| +-------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 51 | 51 | 50 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 27 | +-------- Lepidodesmini **
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 46 | 46 | 43 | 5 | 45 | 39 | 3 | 13 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 46 | 46 | 43 | 5 | 45 | 39 | 3 | 13 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 46 | 46 | 42 | 5 | 49 | 38 | 3 | 16 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 45 | 45 | 22 | 5 | 154 | 115 | 3 | 53 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Chamberlainia
| |
| +----------- Megalonaias
| |
| +----------- Uniomerus
| |
| +----------- Quadrulina
| |
| +----------- Sinohyriopsis
| |
| +----------- Lamprotulini
| |
| +----------- Gonideini
| |
| +----------- Pseudodontini
| |
| | +-- Rectidentini
--+ +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini
| |
| | +-------- Amblema
| | |
| | +-------- Toxolasma
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobemini
| | |
| | | +-- Obliquaria
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Plectomerus
| +--+
| | | +----- Ellipsaria
| | | |
| | | +----- Potamilus_leptodon
| | | |
| | | +----- Medionidus
| | | |
| | | +----- Potamilus_alatus
+--+ | |
| | +----- Ptychobranchus
| +--+
| +----- Truncilla
| |
| +----- Venustaconcha
| |
| +----- Cambarunio
| |
| +----- Leaunio
| |
| | +-- Ortmanniana
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis
|
| +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
| +-------- Alasmidonta **
| |
| +-------- Anodonta_anatina **
| |
| +-------- Anemina **
| |
| +-------- Anodonta_cygnea **
| |
| +-------- Cristaria **
| |
| +-------- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
| |
| +-------- Lasmigona **
| |
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
| |
| +-------- Pseudanodonta **
| |
| +-------- Pyganodon **
| |
+--+-------- Simpsonaias **
|
+-------- Strophitus **
|
+-------- Schistodesmus **
|
+-------- Utterbackia **
|
+-------- Lanceolariini **
|
+-------- Unio **
|
+-------- Aculamprotula **
|
| +-- Pletholophus **
+-----+
| +-- Sinanodonta **
|
| +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **
| |
| +----- Tchangsinaia **
| |
+--+----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **
|
+----- Nodularia **
|
| +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis_heudei **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 44 | 63 | 61 | 5 | 44 | 35 | 2 | 45 | +----------------------------- Ambleminae
|
| +-------------- Chamberlainiini
| |
| +-----------+ +-- Contradentini
--+ | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Rectidentini
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Lamprotulini
| | +--+
| | | +----- Pseudodontini
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Inversiunio **
| +--+
| +-- Gonideini
|
| +----------------------- Lepidodesmini **
| |
| | +----- Anodontini **
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +-- Acuticostini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lanceolariini **
|
| +----------------- Globunio **
| |
+--+ +-------------- Aculamprotula **
| |
+--+ +----------- Unio **
| |
+--+ +-- Nodularia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudocuneopsis **
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia **
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 44 | 44 | 41 | 5 | 153 | 114 | 3 | 51 | +----------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------------- Pseudodontini
| |
| | +-- Rectidentini
+--+ +--------------+
| | +-- Contradentini
| |
| | +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+ +-----+
| | | +----- Ambleminae
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini
|
| +----------- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 43 | 43 | 41 | 5 | 42 | 33 | 2 | 27 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 41 | 41 | 42 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 67 | Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 38 | 38 | 36 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | +----------- Lepidodesmini **
--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 30 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 55 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----------------+
| +-- Ambleminae
|
--+ +----------------- Parreysiinae
| |
| | +-- Anemina **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Amuranodonta **
| |
| | +----- Pletholophus **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Anodontina **
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
| |
| +----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha **
| |
+--+----- Cristaria **
|
| +-- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+-- Lepidodesmini **
|
+-- Unionini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 39 | 32 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 59 | +----------------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +----------------- Parreysiinae
+--+ |
| | +-- Anemina **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Amuranodonta **
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
+--+
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+--------+
| +-- Anodontina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 37 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72 | Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 67 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 5 | 38 | 29 | 2 | 19 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 37 | 4 | 33 | 10 | 3 | 43 | +----------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
| +-----------+
--+ | | +----- Ambleminae
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lamprotulini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Gonideini
|
| +-- Anemina **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Buldowskia **
| |
+--+ +----- Sinanodonta **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Pletholophus **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Beringiana **
|
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 37 | 4 | 33 | 10 | 3 | 43 | +----------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Ambleminae
--+ +-----------------+
| | +-- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +-- Anemina **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Buldowskia **
| |
+--+ +----- Sinanodonta **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Pletholophus **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Beringiana **
|
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 36 | 4 | 33 | 10 | 3 | 43 | +----------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Ambleminae
--+ +-----------------+
| | +-- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +-- Anemina **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Buldowskia **
| |
+--+ +----- Pletholophus **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Beringiana **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Sinanodonta **
|
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 31 | 5 | 40 | 29 | 2 | 23 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 31 | 5 | 23 | 22 | 3 | 51 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Ambleminae
| +--------+
| | +-- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
| |
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 31 | 5 | 40 | 29 | 2 | 25 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 28 | 5 | 20 | 18 | 2 | 40 | +----------------- Quadrulini
|
+----------------- Pleurobemini
|
| +-- Amblemini
--+--------------+
| +-- Lampsilini
|
| +-- Lamprotulini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Gonideini
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini
| |
+--+ +-------- Lepidodesmini **
| |
+--+-------- Unionini **
|
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 32 | 32 | 30 | 5 | 36 | 25 | 2 | 24 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 31 | 31 | 23 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 56 | +-- Gonideinae
+--------------+
| +-- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Parreysiinae
| |
| | +-- Anemina **
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Amuranodonta **
| |
| | +----- Pletholophus **
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
| |
| +----- Acuticostini **
| |
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
| |
+--+----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha **
|
+----- Cristaria **
|
+----- Unionini **
|
| +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 31 | 31 | 36 | 5 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 54 | +----------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------- Anemina **
| |
+--+ +----------- Sinanodonta **
| |
+--+ +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
| +--+
| | +-- Cristaria **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 31 | 31 | 27 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 55 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +----- Lepidodesmini **
| |
+--+----- Unionini **
|
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 26 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 61 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 27 | 5 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 54 | +-- Lamprotulini
+--------------------------------------+
| +-- Gonideini
--+
| +-------------------------------------- Chamberlainiini
| |
+--+ +----------------------------------- Anemina **
| |
+--+ +-------------------------------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +----------------------------- Sinanodonta **
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Aculamprotula **
| |
+--+ +-- Cristaria **
| +--------------------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-------------------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----------------- Schistodesmus **
+--+
| +-------------- Nodularia **
+--+
| +----------- Cuneopsis_rufescens **
+--+
| +-------- Tchangsinaia **
+--+
| +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis_heudei **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 65 | Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 19 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 60 | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 25 | 3 | 52 | 40 | 3 | 48 | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 25 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 60 | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 2 | 3 | 98 | 98 | 3 | 55 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------------- Pseudodontini
| |
--+ | +-- Rectidentini
| | +--------+
| | | +-- Contradentini
| | |
| | | +----- Ambleminae
+--+ | |
| | | +-- Chamberlainia
| | | |
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis
| | | |
| | | +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| | +--+ |
| | | | +-- Lamprotula_leaii
+--+ | | |
| | | +-- Potomida
| | | |
| | | +-- Pronodularia
| | | |
| | +--+-- Gonidea
| | |
| | +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi
| | |
| | +-- Leguminaia
| | |
| | +-- Microcondylaea
| | |
+--+ +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita
|
| +----- Unionini **
| |
| | +-- Alasmidonta **
| | |
| | +-- Anodonta_anatina **
| | |
| | +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
| | |
| | +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
+--+ |
| +-- Lasmigona **
| |
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon **
| |
| +-- Simpsonaias **
| |
| +-- Strophitus **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta_lauta **
|
+-- Cristaria_plicata **
|
+-- Cristaria_radiata **
|
+-- Pletholophus **
|
+-- Sinanodonta_lucida **
|
+-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
|
+-- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
|
+-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1 **
|
+-- Lanceolaria_grayii__2 **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 63 | +-- Parreysiinae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 18 | 3 | 112 | 87 | 3 | 52 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Contradentini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Rectidentini
--+ +--+
| | | +----------- Ambleminae
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Pseudodontini
| | +--+
| | | +----- Gonideini
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
|
| +----------- Unionini **
| |
+-----+ +-------- Lanceolariini **
| |
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_anatina **
| |
| +----- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
+----- Alasmidontina **
|
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 5 | 25 | 23 | 2 | 33 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 24 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 63 | +-- Parreysiinae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 5 | 26 | 23 | 2 | 30 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----------+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64 | Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 5 | 22 | 14 | 2 | 26 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 61 | +-- Parreysiinae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 3 | 112 | 87 | 3 | 51 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Rectidentini
--+ +--------------+
| | +-- Contradentini
| |
+--+ +-------------- Pseudodontini
| |
| | +----- Unionini **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Lanceolariini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 65 | 48 | 3 | 41 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Acuticostini **
| +-----+
--+ | | +-------- Unionini **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lanceolariini **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-- Contradentini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 30 | 20 | 2 | 29 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 23 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 65 | 48 | 3 | 39 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
--+ +--------+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Unionini **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-- Rectidentini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 3 | 50 | 40 | 2 | 46 | +-------------------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +-- Contradentini
| +--------------+
| | +-- Rectidentini
+--+
| +-------------- Gonideini
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 25 | 5 | 14 | 14 | 2 | 36 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 3 | 50 | 40 | 2 | 48 | +-------------------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini
| +--------------+
| | +-- Contradentini
+--+
| +-------------- Gonideini
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 20 | 14 | 2 | 25 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 23 | 23 | 21 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32 | +-------- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 4 | 26 | 23 | 2 | 27 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 5 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 60 | +-------- Gonideinae
|
| +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__1 **
| |
| +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2 **
| |
| +----- Cristaria_plicata__1 **
| |
| +----- Cristaria_plicata__2 **
| |
| +----- Sinanodonta_lauta **
| |
| +----- Beringiana_japonica **
--+ |
| +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1 **
| |
| +----- Beringiana_beringiana **
| |
| +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2 **
| |
| +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3 **
| |
| +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 **
| |
| +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 **
| |
| +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1 **
+--+
+----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2 **
|
+----- Pletholophus **
|
+----- Anemina **
|
+----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata **
|
+----- Cristaria_plicata__3 **
|
+----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
|
+----- Sinanodonta_angula **
|
+----- Lepidodesmini **
|
| +-- Aculamprotula **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
|
| +-- Cuneopsis **
+--+
| +-- Nodularia **
|
| +-- Schistodesmus **
+--+
+-- Inversiunio **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 4 | 22 | 19 | 2 | 27 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 15 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 49 | +----------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_grayii **
| |
| +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
+--+
+----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata **
|
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 4 | 22 | 19 | 2 | 27 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 51 | +-------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +----------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata **
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolaria_grayii **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 22 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 56 | +----------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------- Anodontini **
| |
| | +-- Tchangsinaia **
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Nodularia **
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus **
| +-----+
| | +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +----- Inversiunio **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 48 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 4 | 17 | 14 | 2 | 29.5 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 20 | 0 | 1 | 84 | 83 | 2 | 58 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 17 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 53 | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 17 | 3 | 17 | 13 | 2 | 49 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 35 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 4 | 36 | 34 | 3 | 34 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 17 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 57 | Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 55 | +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea **
|
+----------------- Pyganodon **
|
+----------------- Alasminota **
|
+----------------- Anodonta_anatina **
|
+----------------- Unionini **
|
+----------------- Cristariina **
|
| +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
--+--------------+
| +-- Anodonta_californiensis **
|
| +-- Pseudodontoideus **
| |
+--------------+-- Alasmidonta **
| |
| +-- Pterosyna **
|
| +-------------- Pseudanodonta **
| |
| | +----- Strophitus **
| +--------+
+--+ | +-- Prolasmidonta **
| +--+
| +-- Platynaias **
|
| +----------- Anodonta_oregonensis__4 **
+--+
| +-------- Anodonta_oregonensis__3 **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_oregonensis__2 **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_oregonensis__1 **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_kennerlyi **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 13 | 11 | 2 | 35 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 2 | 24 | 14 | 2 | 33 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 36 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 16 | 3 | 66 | 66 | 3 | 46 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------------- Pseudodontini
--+ |
| | +-- Rectidentini
| | +--------+
+--+ | +-- Contradentini
| |
| | +----- Unionini **
| | +--+
| | | | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+ | +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
| |
| | +-- Lamprotula
| | |
| | +-- Potomida
+--+ |
| +-- Pronodularia
| |
| +-- Gonidea
| |
| +-- Leguminaia
| |
| +-- Microcondylaea
| |
+-----+-- Amblemini
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Cambarunio
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrulini
Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 50 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 5 | 36 | 34 | 2 | 34 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 4 | 14 | 14 | 2 | 32 | +-- Ambleminae
+--------+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 3 | 14 | 14 | 2 | 34 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 39 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 16 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 47 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Aculamprotula **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus **
+--+
+-- Nodularia **
Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 14 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | +----- Aculamprotula **
+--------+
| | +-- Acuticostini **
| +--+
--+ +-- Lanceolariini **
|
| +----------- Unio **
| |
+--+ +-------- Pseudocuneopsis **
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus **
| +--+
| | +-- Cuneopsis **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia **
+--+
+-- Nodularia **
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 14 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 51 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------- Anodontina **
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 14 | 5 | 22 | 20 | 3 | 40 | +-- Ambleminae
+--------------------+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------------- Anodontini **
| |
| | +-- Acuticostini **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
| |
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Aculamprotula **
+--+
| +-------- Unio **
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus **
+--+
| +-- Nodularia **
+--+
+-- Tchangsinaia **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 51 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------------- Acuticostini **
--+ |
| +----------------- Cristariina **
| |
| +----------------- Anodontina **
+--+
| +-------------- Lanceolariini **
| |
| | +-- Aculamprotula **
| +-----------+
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
|
| +----------- Unio **
| |
+--+ +-------- Middendorffinaia **
| |
+--+ +----- Cuneopsis **
| |
+--+----- Nodularia **
|
| +-- Inversiunio **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 15 | 2 | 22 | 17 | 1 | 42 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 17 | 15 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 37 | +-- Gonideinae
+--------------+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+
| +-------------- Aculamprotula **
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-------- Unio **
+--+
| +----- Nodularia **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus **
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis **
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 55 | Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 5 | 21 | 19 | 3 | 37 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 | Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 | Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 34 | 32 | 3 | 19 | 18 | 2 | 72 | +----- Prolasmidonta **
+--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta **
| +--+
+-----------------+ +-- Anemina **
| |
| | +----- Pseudodontini
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| +--+
| +-- Chamberlainia
|
| +----- Schistodesmus **
| +-----+
| | | +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+ | +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotula **
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Platynaias **
| | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pyganodon **
| | |
| | | +----- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Cristaria **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
| +-----+
| | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_leaii
| | +--+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini
|
| +----------------- Gibbosulinae
+--+
| +-------------- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----------- Toxolasma
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_ornata
+--+
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_powellii
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 13 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 51 | +-------- Amblemini
|
+-------- Pleurobemini
--+
+-------- Lampsilini
|
| +----- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 50 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 5 | 5 | 20 | 18 | 2 | 48 | +-- Ptychorhynchus
|
+-- Chamberlainiini
|
+--------+-- Lamprotulini
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia
| |
| +-- Ambleminae
|
| +-------- Strophitus **
--+ |
| +-------- Schistodesmus **
| |
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
| |
| +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
+-------- Lanceolariini **
|
| +-- Nodularia **
+-----+
| +-- Tchangsinaia **
|
| +----- Utterbackia **
| |
+--+----- Utterbackiana **
|
| +-- Alasmidonta **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona **
Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 15 | 12 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 48 | +-- Lanceolariini **
+-----+
| +-- Unionini **
--+
| +----- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 5 | 20 | 18 | 2 | 51 | +----------- Sinosolenaia
+--+
| | +-------- Lamprotulini
| +--+
| | +----- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
| | +-- Ptychorhynchus
--+ +--+
| +-- Ambleminae
|
| +----------- Anodontini **
| |
| | +----- Acuticostini **
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Nodularia **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Tchangsinaia **
|
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus **
+--+
+-- Lepidodesmini **
Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3738], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 49 | +-- Gonideinae
--+
+-- Unionini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 28 | 8 | 2 | 37 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 19 | 17 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 52 | +----------------- Anodontini **
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
--+ | | +-------- Lamprotula_leaii
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_caveata
| | +--+
| | | +-- Gibbosulinae
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae
|
| +----- Aculamprotula **
| +--+
| | | +-- Tchangsinaia **
| | +--+
+-----+ +-- Nodularia **
|
| +----- Schistodesmus **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Acuticostini **
Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 15 | 11 | 1 | 51 | Sayenko et al., 2021 [Publ 4189], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 38 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 28 | 8 | 2 | 37 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +----------- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +-------- Aculamprotula **
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus **
| +--+
| | +-- Unio **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 14 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 51 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Douda et al., 2024 [Publ 4364], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 52 | Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 51 | Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 11 | 1 | 25 | 20 | 2 | 48 | +-------------- Quadrulina
|
| +----- Lamprotulini
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-------- Megalonaias
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 46 | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 10 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 51 | Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 53 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Unio **
| |
| | +----- Aculamprotula **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Anodontini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
|
| +-------- Middendorffinaia **
+--+
| +----- Inversiunio **
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis **
+--+
+-- Nodularia **
Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 39 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 45 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 38 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 | Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 20 | 18 | 3 | 40 | +----------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Ambleminae
| +-----+
| | +-- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 | Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 41 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 44 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 38 | +----- Lanceolariini **
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 48 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 15 | 9 | 2 | 40 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 36 | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 40 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 39 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 15 | 9 | 2 | 40 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Unio **
+--+
| +-- Aculamprotula **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 44 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 23 | 21 | 1 | 51.5 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 13 | 10 | 2 | 40 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 50 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 40 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +----- Anodonta_anatina **
|
+----- Anodonta_cygnea **
--+
+----- Pseudanodonta **
|
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 47 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 18 | 11 | 3 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 54 | +----------- Cristariina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
| |
--+ +-------- Anodonta **
| |
| +-------- Unionini **
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidontina **
+-----+
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
|
| +----- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Velesunioninae
| |
+--+-- Lamprotulini
|
+-- Chamberlainiini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 51 | Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 48 | +-------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +----------- Anodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Nodularia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolaria_grayii **
| |
+--+----- Acuticostini **
|
| +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
+--+
+-- Aculamprotula **
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 16 | 16 | 3 | 52 | +-------------------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------------- Nodularia **
| |
| +--------------+ +----------- Anodonta_cygnea **
--+ | | |
| | +--+ +-------- Unio_pictorum__2 **
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Unio_pictorum__1 **
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Unio_caffer **
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Anodonta **
| +--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
|
| +-------------------------- Lamprotulini
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Gonideini
| |
| | +----- Eurynia
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Cambarunio
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema
+--+
| +----------- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma
+--+
| +----- Ligumia
+--+
| +-- Obliquaria
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 29 | 29 | 1 | 51 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 45 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 41 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 49 | 42 | 3 | 42 | +----------- Ambleminae
|
--+----------- Gonideinae
|
| +-------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 40 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Kondakov et al., 2018 [Publ 3914], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 48 | +-- Gonideinae
--+
+-- Unionini **
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 25 | 23 | 2 | 22 | 17 | 1 | 64 | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Marrone et al., 2019 [Publ 3907], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 13 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 50 | Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 43 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 49 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Nodularia **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Inversiunio **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 47 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 25 | 19 | 2 | 22 | 17 | 1 | 64 | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | +-- Unionini **
|
--+-- Cristariina **
|
+-- Anodontina **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 49 | 42 | 3 | 42 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bauer et al., 2021 [Publ 4365], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Klishko et al., 2018 [Publ 3945], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 10 | 10 | 2 | 55 | +----------------- Sinanodonta **
|
--+ +-------------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideinae
| +--------+
| | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Aculamprotula **
+--+
| +----- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +-- Nodularia **
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +-------- Anodonta_anatina **
|
--+ +----- Cristariina **
| |
+--+----- Unionini **
|
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Pseudanodonta **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 50 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +----------- Nodularia **
| |
| | +-- Unio_gibbus **
+--+ |
| +-----+-- Unio_tumidus **
| | |
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Unio_pictorum__1 **
| |
| +----- Unio_pictorum__2 **
+--+
+----- Unio_mancus **
|
| +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
+--+
+-- Unio_crassus **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 39 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +----- Anodontina **
|
--+ +-- Cristariina **
| |
+--+-- Margaritiferinae
|
+-- Unionini **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 16 | 15 | 2 | 39 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 50 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 41 | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 41 | +-------- Gonideini
--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 39 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+-----+
| +-- Unionini **
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Pseudanodonta **
Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 50 | +-- Anodontina **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia **
|
--+ +-- Gonideinae
| +-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
+-- Cristariina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 49 | +-- Parreysiinae
--+
+-- Unionini **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 46 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Smith et al., 2023 [Publ 4291], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 39 | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 43 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Aculamprotula **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unio **
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 44 | +-- Margaritiferinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Unionini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 29 | 29 | 1 | 47 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 41 | 19 | 3 | 47 | +-------- Pseudodontini
|
| +----- Parreysiinae
--+ |
| +----- Contradentini
| |
+--+ +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 12 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 50 | Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 40 | 18 | 3 | 47 | +----------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +-------- Contradentini
| |
+--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 22 | 18 | 1 | 49.5 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 96 | 94 | 2 | 48 | +-------- Chamberlainiini
|
--+-------- Anodontini **
|
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | +----- Anodontina **
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +-- Margaritiferinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Unionini **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 40 | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 51 | +-------- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Klishko et al., 2017 [Publ 3946], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 16 | 14 | 3 | 10 | 10 | 2 | 53 | +-------- Anodontini **
|
--+ +-- Lanceolariini **
| +--+
| | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 48 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 40 | 18 | 3 | 47 | +----------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +-------- Contradentini
| |
+--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 21 | 18 | 1 | 49 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 12 | 2 | 58.5 | +----- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Gonideinae
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Aculamprotula **
|
+-- Unio **
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 40 | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 46 | Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 96 | 94 | 2 | 48 | +-- Chamberlainiini
+-----+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | +----- Anodontina **
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3732], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 41 | 19 | 3 | 47 | +-- Unionini **
+--------+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +-------- Contradentini
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini
Mabuchi et al., 2021 [Publ 4233], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 45 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Unio_pictorum **
+--+
| +-- Unio_tumidus **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Dyduch-Falniowska & Koziol, 1989 [Publ 3814], fig. 5_7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 43 | +-------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Prie et al., 2012 [Publ 3487], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Nagel et al., 1996 [Publ 3400], fig. 351 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 29 | 6 | 3 | 43 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +-------- Unio_crassus **
--+
| +----- Unio_pictorum **
+--+
| +-- Unio_tumidus **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 19 | 12 | 2 | 29 | 13 | 3 | 57 | +-------- Anodontini **
|
--+ +----- Gonideinae
| |
+--+----- Unionini **
|
| +-- Margaritiferinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 41 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 15 | 10 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 53 | +-------------------- Amblemini
|
+-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
+-------------------- Eurynia
|
+-------------------- Fusconaia
|
+-------------------- Gonideinae
|
+-------------------- Pleurobema
|
+-------------------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--------+
| | +-------- Glebula
| +--+
| | +----- Potamilus
| +--+
| | +-- Ligumia
| +--+
| +-- Toxolasma
|
| +----------------- Cyrtonaias
| |
+--+ +-------------- Unionini **
| |
| | +----------- Anodontini **
+--+ |
| | +----- Iridininae
| | |
+--+ +--+ +-- Anodontites_guanarensis
| | | |
| | +--+-- Anodontites_trigona
| | |
+--+ +-- Monocondylaeinae
|
| +----- Rhipidodontini
| |
| +----- Echyridella
+--+
+----- Lortiella
|
| +-- Castaliini
+--+
+-- Velesunio
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 41 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 11 | 8 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Anodontini **
|
--+ +-- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Bashê, 2022 [Publ 4265], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 44 | +-------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +----- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Unio_pictorum **
| |
+--+-- Unio_tumidus **
|
+-- Anodontini **
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 17 | 13 | 2 | 59 | +----- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Gonideinae
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Unionini **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 41 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +-------- Unio_tumidus **
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Unio_crassus **
+--+
+-- Unio_pictorum **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 43 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 41 | +-- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 43 | +----------------------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| +----------------------- Amblemini
+--+
| +-------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema
| |
| | +-------------- Eurynia
+--+ |
| | +----- Cyrtonaias
| +--------+
+--+ | +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +-------- Glebula
+--+
| +----- Potamilus
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Toxolasma
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 29 | 6 | 3 | 43 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Sayenko et al., 2017 [Publ 3760], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 12 | 6 | 3 | 47 | +-------------------------- Lamellidens_mainwaringi
--+
| +----------------------- Lamprotula
+--+
| +-------------------- Potomida
+--+
| +----------------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-------------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----------- Aculamprotula **
+--+
| +-------- Unio_pictorum **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
+--+
+-- Lamellidens_corrianus
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 48 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 45 | +----- Pleurobemini
|
+----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
| |
| +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
+--+
+-- Unio_pictorum **
|
+-- Aculamprotula **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Bulakhova et al., 2023 [Publ 4325], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 14 | 8 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +-------- Contradentini
| |
+--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 32 | 20 | 3 | 46 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Contradentini
| |
+--+ +----------- Pseudodontini
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 15 | 2 | 2 | 15 | 12 | 2 | 55 | +-------- Gonideinae
|
| +-- Elliptio
| |
| +-- Fusconaia
| |
--+ +--+-- Amblemini
| | |
| | +-- Pleurobema
| | |
| | +-- Unionini **
| |
| | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+ |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
+--+
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 42 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 50 | +-- Aculamprotula **
|
+-- Lamprotula
|
+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Potomida
|
--+-- Unio_pictorum **
|
+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Unio_ravoisieri **
|
+-- Parreysiinae
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Klishko et al., 2014 [Publ 3666], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 32 | 20 | 3 | 46 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Pseudodontini
--+ +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 20 | 2 | 47 | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Soroka, 2005 [Publ 2726], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 44 | +-- Gonideinae
--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Klishko et al., 2016 [Publ 3733], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 48 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 46 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 46 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-------- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus **
| +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotula **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unio **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 17 | 13 | 3 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 43 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 45 | 43 | 1 | 43 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 44.5 | +-------- Lamprotulini
--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 43 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2016 [Publ 3757], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 43 | +-- Gonideini
+-----+
| +-- Lamprotulini
--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 46 | +-- Gonideinae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Froufe et al., 2014 [Publ 3592], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Kilikowska et al., 2020 [Publ 4335], fig. 4a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 27 | 1 | 1 | 45 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 27 | 1 | 1 | 45 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson, 2012 [Publ 3375], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 47 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 45.5 | +----------- Pseudodontini
--+
| +-------- Gonidea
+--+
| +----- Inversidens
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 43 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 44 | 42 | 1 | 43 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 37 | 27 | 3 | 45 | +-------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 43 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Hinzmann et al., 2013 [Publ 3541], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 45.5 | Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 45.5 | +----------- Pseudodontini
--+
| +-------- Gonidea
+--+
| +----- Inversidens
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 44 | 42 | 3 | -- | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
| +-------- Parreysiinae
| |
| +-----+ +-- Anodontini **
--+ | | +--+
| | | | +-- Unionini **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Discomya
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini
| +-----+
| | | +-- Rectidentini
| | +--+
| | +-- Contradentini
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +----- Caudiculatus
+--+
| +-- Potomida
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 1 | 1 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- None__1
+--+
| +-- None__2
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 45 | +----- Sinanodonta **
--+
| +-- Cristaria **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 1 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 1 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 4 | 2 | 47 | +-------- Unionini **
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 46.5 | +-- Unionini **
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 46 | +----- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-- Cristariina **
| |
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
|
+-- Quadrulini
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 25 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 1 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 50 | +-------------- Cristariina **
--+
| +----------- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Venustaconcha
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 47 | +-------- Cristaria **
--+
| +----- Sinanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Margaritiferinae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 22 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 24 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 8 | 2 | -- | Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 55 | 1 | -- | González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | -- | Vikhrev et al., 2018 [Publ 3812], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 1 | -- | Metzger et al., 2018 [Publ 3952], fig. 1C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 41 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | -- | Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2395], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | Wang et al., 2016 [Publ 3714], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 19 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 40 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | -- | Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | -- | Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 37 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | -- | +----- Quadrulini
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulini
+-----+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | -- | Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 54 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
|
--+-- Ambleminae
|
+-- Gonideinae
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | -- | +----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0 | -- | Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 1 | -- | Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | -- | +-- Ambleminae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Gonideinae
Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 16 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Giribet & Distel, 2003 [Publ 3670], fig. 3f5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobemini
|
--+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Unionini **
|
