MUSSELp

MUSSELpdb

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Unionidae

Margaritiferidae

Hyriidae

Etheriidae

Mycetopodidae

Iridinidae


Species & Genus Richness by
Taxonomy

Geography

Summary

North America

Central America

South America

Afrotropics

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East Asia

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Species Richness & Endemism by
Geography

Data last updated
Mon 1 Dec 2025

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae

tribe UNIONINI Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics

16 genera

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 91 (113 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 16
analyzed in 256 cladograms in 144 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 49 (mean = 7.45, median = 5)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 11 (mean = 3.01, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 217
maximum number of included terminals = 49, (mean = 8.6 median = 6)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 11 (mean = 3.37, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.85

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 122
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 49 (mean = 11.25, median = 10)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 11 (mean = 4.92, median = 5)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.77

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Unionini cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Unionini cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22 22 19 11 23 14 4 0 
                                   +-- Anemina               
  +--------------------------------+                         
  |                                +-- Amuranodonta          
  |                                                          
  |                             +----- Pletholophus          
--+  +--------------------------+                            
  |  |                          |  +-- Sinanodonta           
  |  |                          +--+                         
  |  |                             +-- Beringiana            
  +--+                                                       
     |                             +-- Alasmidontina         
     |  +--------------------------+                         
     |  |                          +-- Anodontina            
     |  |                                                    
     +--+  +-------------------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
        |  |                                                 
        |  +-------------------------- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
        |  |                                                 
        +--+-------------------------- Cristaria             
           |                                                 
           |  +----------------------- Acuticostini          
           |  |                                              
           |  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini         
           +--+                                              
              |  +-------------------- Globunio **              
              |  |                                           
              +--+  +----------------- Aculamprotula **         
                 |  |                                        
                 |  |              +-- Middendorffinaia **      
                 +--+  +-----------+                         
                    |  |           +-- Nodularia **             
                    |  |                                     
                    +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **             
                       |  |                                  
                       |  |        +-- Diaurora **              
                       +--+--------+                         
                          |        +-- Schistodesmus **         
                          |                                  
                          |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis **       
                          +--+                               
                             |  +----- Inversiunio **           
                             +--+                            
                                |  +-- Tchangsinaia **          
                                +--+                         
                                   +-- Unio **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
28 28 24 8 94 43 4 26 
  +-------------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                     
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |                                     
  |                 +-- Lanceolariini   
--+-----------------+                   
  |                 +-- Anodontini      
  |                                     
  |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **   
  |  |                                  
  +--+  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
     |  |                               
     +--+  +----------- Unio **            
        |  |                            
        +--+  +-------- Nodularia **       
           |  |                         
           +--+  +----- Schistodesmus **   
              |  |                      
              +--+----- Cuneopsis **       
                 |                      
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Inversiunio **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
49 49 47 8 27 23 3 48 
  +-------------------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |                                           
--+                       +-- Lanceolariini   
  |  +--------------------+                   
  |  |                    +-- Anodontini      
  +--+                                        
     |  +-------------------- Aculamprotula **   
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Unio **            
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Nodularia **       
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Schistodesmus **   
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Cuneopsis **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
33 33 31 7 20 18 1 32 
  +-------------------- Anodontini     
--+                                    
  |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Unio **           
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Nodularia **      
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
29 29 28 7 24 22 3 31 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
--+                    +-- Lanceolariini  
  |  +-----------------+                  
  |  |                 +-- Anodontini     
  +--+                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
29 63 61 9 59 15 4 64 
              +-------------- Chamberlainiini
              |                              
  +-----------+           +-- Contradentini  
  |           |  +--------+                  
  |           |  |        +-- Rectidentini   
  |           +--+                           
  |              |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
  |              +--+                        
  |                 |  +----- Pseudodontini  
--+                 +--+                     
  |                    |  +-- Inversiunio **    
  |                    +--+                  
  |                       +-- Gonideini      
  |                                          
  |  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |  |                                       
  |  |                 +----- Anodontini     
  +--+  +--------------+                     
     |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
     |  |              +--+                  
     +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
        |                                    
        |  +----------------- Globunio **       
        |  |                                 
        +--+  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
           |  |                              
           +--+  +----------- Unio **           
              |  |                           
              +--+        +-- Nodularia **      
                 |  +-----+                  
                 |  |     +-- Pseudocuneopsis **
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Cuneopsis **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
28 28 26 8 58 16 4 29 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Lanceolariini  
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Anodontini     
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     |  |                                 
     +--+  +-------------- Unio **           
        |  |                              
        +--+  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           |  |                           
           +--+  +-------- Nodularia **      
              |  |                        
              +--+     +-- Tongchuania **    
                 |  +--+                  
                 |  |  +-- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
26 26 24 6 2 2 1 35 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
--+                                  
  |  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
  +--+                               
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Nodularia **       
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **   
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
26 26 24 6 2 2 1 35 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
--+                                  
  |  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
  +--+                               
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Nodularia **       
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **   
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
24 24 22 8 15 15 4 23 
  +-------------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                          
  |                    +----- Lanceolariini  
--+  +-----------------+                     
  |  |                 |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |                 +--+                  
  +--+                    +-- Anodontini     
     |                                       
     |  +-------------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                    
        |  +----------------- Unio **           
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                              
              |  +----------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                           
                 |  +-------- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Inversiunio **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 20 7 69 24 4 23 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                    
  |              +----- Anodontini     
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |           +--+                  
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Unio **           
        |  |                           
        +--+  +-------- Nodularia **      
           |  |                        
           +--+-------- Pseudocuneopsis **
              |                        
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 21 7 73 24 4 26 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                    
  |              +----- Anodontini     
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |           +--+                  
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Unio **           
        |  |                           
        +--+        +-- Nodularia **      
           |  +-----+                  
           |  |     +-- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 20 7 73 24 4 26 
  +-------------------------- Lepidodesmini            
  |                                                    
  |                    +----- Anodontini               
--+  +-----------------+                               
  |  |                 |  +-- Acuticostini             
  |  |                 +--+                            
  +--+                    +-- Lanceolariini            
     |                                                 
     |  +-------------------- Aculamprotula **            
     |  |                                              
     +--+  +----------------- Unio **                     
        |  |                                           
        +--+  +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis **          
           |  |                                        
           +--+  +----------- Nodularia **                
              |  |                                     
              +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
                 |  +-----+                            
                 |  |     +-- Cuneopsis **                
                 +--+                                  
                    |  +----- Tchangsinaia **             
                    +--+                               
                       |  +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis ** 
                       +--+                            
                          +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 20 1 8 5 1 43 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 14 1 8 5 1 43 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 20 7 69 24 4 23 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                    
  |              +----- Anodontini     
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |           +--+                  
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Unio **           
        |  |                           
        +--+  +-------- Nodularia **      
           |  |                        
           +--+-------- Pseudocuneopsis **
              |                        
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22 22 17 11 23 14 4 6 
                                   +----- Pletholophus    
  +--------------------------------+                      
  |                                |  +-- Sinanodonta     
  |                                +--+                   
  |                                   +-- Beringiana      
--+                                                       
  |  +----------------------------------- Cristaria       
  |  |                                                    
  |  |                                +-- Alasmidontina   
  |  +--------------------------------+                   
  +--+                                +-- Anodontina      
     |                                                    
     |  +-------------------------------- Lanceolariini   
     |  |                                                 
     +--+  +----------------------------- Lepidodesmini   
        |  |                                              
        +--+  +-------------------------- Acuticostini    
           |  |                                           
           +--+  +----------------------- Globunio **        
              |  |                                        
              +--+  +-------------------- Aculamprotula **   
                 |  |                                     
                 +--+  +----------------- Middendorffinaia **
                    |  |                                  
                    +--+  +-------------- Nodularia **       
                       |  |                               
                       +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **       
                          |  |                            
                          |  |        +-- Diaurora **        
                          +--+--------+                   
                             |        +-- Schistodesmus **   
                             |                            
                             |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
                             +--+                         
                                |  +----- Unio **            
                                +--+                      
                                   |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
                                   +--+                   
                                      +-- Inversiunio **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21 21 19 7 53 15 4 22 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21 21 17 6 180 26 4 25 
  +-------------------- Acuticostini 
  |                                  
--+  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |  |                               
  |  |              +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+--------------+                
     |              +-- Anodontini   
     |                               
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Unio **         
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Nodularia **    
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                 +--+                
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21 47 24 6 180 26 4 52 
  +-------- Acuticostini         
  |                              
  +-------- Alasmidonta          
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina     
  |                              
  +-------- Anemina              
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                              
  +-------- Cristaria            
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_nuttalliana 
  |                              
  +-------- Lasmigona            
  |                              
  +-------- Lepidodesmini        
  |                              
  +-------- Pseudanodonta        
  |                              
  +-------- Pyganodon            
  |                              
--+-------- Simpsonaias          
  |                              
  +-------- Strophitus           
  |                              
  +-------- Utterbackia          
  |                              
  +-------- Lanceolariini        
  |                              
  +-------- Schistodesmus **        
  |                              
  +-------- Unio **                 
  |                              
  +-------- Aculamprotula **        
  |                              
  |     +-- Pletholophus         
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Sinanodonta          
  |                              
  |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **
  |  |                           
  |  +----- Tchangsinaia **         
  |  |                           
  +--+----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **  
     |                           
     +----- Nodularia **            
     |                           
     |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii ** 
     +--+                        
        +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21 21 20 7 20 6 4 27 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Lanceolariini  
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Anodontini     
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20 20 18 6 179 26 4 27 
  +-------------------- Acuticostini 
  |                                  
  |              +----- Lepidodesmini
--+  +-----------+                   
  |  |           |  +-- Lanceolariini
  |  |           +--+                
  +--+              +-- Anodontini   
     |                               
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Unio **         
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Nodularia **    
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                 +--+                
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19 19 17 3 3 3 2 35 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio **         
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19 19 17 3 3 3 2 36 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio **         
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 16 7 35 10 4 27 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Lanceolariini  
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Anodontini     
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 15 10 23 14 4 6 
  +----------------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                        
  |  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini   
--+  |                                     
  |  |                 +-- Lanceolariini   
  |  +-----------------+                   
  +--+                 +-- Anodontini      
     |                                     
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **   
     |  |                                  
     |  |              +-- Middendorffinaia **
     +--+  +-----------+                   
        |  |           +-- Nodularia **       
        |  |                               
        +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **       
           |  |                            
           |  |        +-- Diaurora **        
           +--+--------+                   
              |        +-- Schistodesmus **   
              |                            
              |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
              +--+                         
                 |  +----- Inversiunio **     
                 +--+                      
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
                    +--+                   
                       +-- Unio **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 15 10 23 14 4 6 
                          +-- Anemina               
  +-----------------------+                         
  |                       +-- Amuranodonta          
  |                                                 
  |                    +----- Pletholophus          
  |  +-----------------+                            
--+  |                 |  +-- Sinanodonta           
  |  |                 +--+                         
  |  |                    +-- Beringiana            
  |  |                                              
  |  |  +-------------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
  +--+  |                                           
     |  +-------------------- Acuticostini          
     |  |                                           
     |  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini         
     |  |                                           
     |  +-------------------- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
     |  |                                           
     +--+-------------------- Cristaria             
        |                                           
        |                 +-- Alasmidontina         
        +-----------------+                         
        |                 +-- Anodontina            
        |                                           
        |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **         
        |  |                                        
        |  |              +-- Middendorffinaia **      
        +--+  +-----------+                         
           |  |           +-- Nodularia **             
           |  |                                     
           +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **             
              |  |                                  
              |  |        +-- Diaurora **              
              +--+--------+                         
                 |        +-- Schistodesmus **         
                 |                                  
                 |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis **       
                 +--+                               
                    |  +----- Inversiunio **           
                    +--+                            
                       |  +-- Tchangsinaia **          
                       +--+                         
                          +-- Unio **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
17 23 21 5 28 14 4 26 
  +----------------------------------- Anemina              
  |                                                         
--+  +-------------------------------- Acuticostini         
  |  |                                                      
  +--+  +----------------------------- Sinanodonta          
     |  |                                                   
     +--+  +-------------------------- Aculamprotula **        
        |  |                                                
        +--+                       +-- Cristaria            
           |  +--------------------+                        
           |  |                    +-- Lanceolariini        
           +--+                                             
              |  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini        
              +--+                                          
                 |  +----------------- Schistodesmus **        
                 +--+                                       
                    |  +-------------- Nodularia **            
                    +--+                                    
                       |  +----------- Cuneopsis_rufescens **  
                       +--+                                 
                          |  +-------- Tchangsinaia **         
                          +--+                              
                             |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **
                             +--+                           
                                |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii ** 
                                +--+                        
                                   +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
17 17 15 5 30 16 4 20 
  +-------------------------- Anemina      
  |                                        
--+  +----------------------- Sinanodonta  
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +-------------------- Acuticostini 
     |  |                                  
     +--+                 +-- Lepidodesmini
        |  +--------------+                
        |  |              +-- Cristaria    
        +--+                               
           |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
           +--+                            
              |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
              +--+                         
                 |  +-------- Nodularia **    
                 +--+                      
                    |  +----- Tchangsinaia ** 
                    +--+                   
                       |  +-- Cuneopsis **    
                       +--+                
                          +-- Schistodesmus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 14 1 9 3 1 34 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 14 7 58 18 4 22 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Tchangsinaia **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 14 7 58 18 4 22 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 14 7 53 17 4 22 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 10 2 4 3 1 32 
  +----- Anodontini
--+                
  |  +-- Nodularia ** 
  +--+             
     +-- Unio **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 1 0 0 0 32 
1

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 6 39 19 4 19 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                            
  |        +----- Anodontini   
  +--------+                   
  |        |  +-- Acuticostini 
--+        +--+                
  |           +-- Lanceolariini
  |                            
  |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
  |  |                         
  +--+  +-------- Unio **         
     |  |                      
     +--+     +-- Nodularia **    
        |  +--+                
        |  |  +-- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
           +--+                
              +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 17 16 3 8 3 1 28 
  +-------- Aculamprotula **
--+                      
  |  +----- Anodontini   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Schistodesmus **
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 8 10 8 3 28 
  +----------------------------- Acuticostini          
  |                                                    
--+                          +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
  |  +-----------------------+                         
  |  |                       +-- Lanceolaria_grayii    
  +--+                                                 
     |  +----------------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
     |  |                                              
     +--+  +-------------------- Anodontini            
        |  |                                           
        +--+  +----------------- Unio **                  
           |  |                                        
           +--+  +-------------- Aculamprotula **         
              |  |                                     
              +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **             
                 |  |                                  
                 +--+        +-- Nodularia **             
                    |  +-----+                         
                    |  |     +-- Schistodesmus **         
                    +--+                               
                       |  +----- Tchangsinaia **          
                       +--+                            
                          |  +-- Inversiunio **           
                          +--+                         
                             +-- Pseudocuneopsis **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 9 8 10 8 3 25 
  +----------------- Acuticostini          
  |                                        
  |  +-------------- Lanceolaria_grayii    
--+  |                                     
  |  +-------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
  |  |                                     
  +--+-------------- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
     |                                     
     |  +----------- Anodontini            
     |  |                                  
     |  |  +-------- Unio **                  
     +--+  |                               
        |  +-------- Aculamprotula **         
        |  |                               
        +--+  +----- Cuneopsis **             
           |  |                            
           |  |  +-- Nodularia **             
           |  +--+                         
           +--+  +-- Schistodesmus **         
              |                            
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **          
              |  |                         
              +--+-- Inversiunio **           
                 |                         
                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis **

Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3738], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 2 0 0 0 30 
  +-- Nodularia **
--+            
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 7 35 13 4 22 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 7 5 5 2 24 
  +----------------------- Anodontini     
--+                                       
  |  +-------------------- Lanceolariini  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 7 33 13 4 23 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 7 41 15 4 25 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
--+  +-------------------- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                                    
  +--+                 +-- Acuticostini   
     |  +--------------+                  
     |  |              +-- Anodontini     
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
        |  |                              
        +--+  +----------- Unio **           
           |  |                           
           +--+        +-- Cuneopsis **      
              |  +-----+                  
              |  |     +-- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis **
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Nodularia **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Tchangsinaia **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 13 6 55 22 3 25 
                                +-- Anemina      
  +-----------------------------+                
  |                             +-- Buldowskia   
  |                                              
--+                          +----- Pletholophus 
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       |  +-- Beringiana   
  |  |                       +--+                
  +--+                          +-- Sinanodonta  
     |                                           
     |  +-------------------------- Cristaria    
     |  |                                        
     +--+                       +-- Anodontina   
        |  +--------------------+                
        |  |                    +-- Alasmidontina
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------------------- Lanceolariini
           +--+                                  
              |  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----------- Unio **         
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-------- Inversiunio **  
                       +--+                      
                          |  +----- Nodularia **    
                          +--+                   
                             |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                             +--+                
                                +-- Schistodesmus **

Sayenko et al., 2021 [Publ 4189], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 4 0 0 0 24 
  +-------- Unio **            
--+                         
  |  +----- Inversiunio **     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Middendorffinaia **
     +--+                   
        +-- Nodularia **

Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 17 15 7 4 4 2 32 
           +----- Aculamprotula **  
  +--------+                     
  |        |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |        +--+                  
--+           +-- Lanceolariini  
  |                              
  |  +----------- Unio **           
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis **
     |  |                        
     +--+     +-- Cuneopsis **      
        |  +--+                  
        |  |  +-- Schistodesmus **  
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
           +--+                  
              +-- Nodularia **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 4 2 0 0 27 
           +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **   
  +--------+                            
  |        |  +-- Middendorffinaia **      
  |        +--+                         
--+           +-- Pseudocuneopsis **       
  |                                     
  |  +----------- Tchangsinaia **          
  |  |                                  
  +--+        +-- Cuneopsis_kiangsiensis **
     |  +-----+                         
     |  |     +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis ** 
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **  
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **      
           +--+                         
              +-- Cuneopsis_demangei **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 14 6 55 22 3 25 
                                +-- Anemina      
  +-----------------------------+                
  |                             +-- Buldowskia   
  |                                              
--+                          +----- Sinanodonta  
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       |  +-- Pletholophus 
  |  |                       +--+                
  +--+                          +-- Beringiana   
     |                                           
     |  +-------------------------- Cristaria    
     |  |                                        
     +--+                       +-- Anodontina   
        |  +--------------------+                
        |  |                    +-- Alasmidontina
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini
           +--+                                  
              |  +----------------- Lanceolariini
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----------- Unio **         
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-------- Nodularia **    
                       +--+                      
                          |  +----- Inversiunio **  
                          +--+                   
                             |  +-- Schistodesmus **
                             +--+                
                                +-- Tchangsinaia **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 8 10 8 3 27 
  +-------------------------- Acuticostini   
  |                                          
--+  +----------------------- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                                       
  +--+  +-------------------- Anodontini     
     |  |                                    
     +--+  +----------------- Unio **           
        |  |                                 
        +--+  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
           |  |                              
           +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **      
              |  |                           
              +--+        +-- Nodularia **      
                 |  +-----+                  
                 |  |     +-- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Inversiunio **    
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Pseudocuneopsis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 14 6 55 22 3 25 
                                +-- Anemina      
  +-----------------------------+                
  |                             +-- Buldowskia   
  |                                              
--+                          +----- Sinanodonta  
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       |  +-- Pletholophus 
  |  |                       +--+                
  +--+                          +-- Beringiana   
     |                                           
     |  +-------------------------- Cristaria    
     |  |                                        
     +--+                       +-- Anodontina   
        |  +--------------------+                
        |  |                    +-- Alasmidontina
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------------------- Lanceolariini
           +--+                                  
              |  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----------- Unio **         
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-------- Inversiunio **  
                       +--+                      
                          |  +----- Nodularia **    
                          +--+                   
                             |  +-- Schistodesmus **
                             +--+                
                                +-- Tchangsinaia **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 11 5 0 0 0 24 
  +----------- Nodularia **    
--+                         
  |  +-------- Schistodesmus **
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cuneopsis **    
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Unio **         
        +--+                
           +-- Tchangsinaia **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 7 0 0 0 21.5 
  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Nodularia **      
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Schistodesmus **  
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Cuneopsis **      
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
              +--+                  
                 +-- Inversiunio **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 4 0 0 0 26 
  +----- Nodularia **      
  |                     
--+  +-- Cuneopsis **      
  |  |                  
  +--+-- Tchangsinaia **   
     |                  
     +-- Pseudocuneopsis **

Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 16 14 5 6 5 3 29 
  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
  |                            
--+           +-- Acuticostini 
  |  +--------+                
  |  |        +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Unio **         
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Nodularia **    
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Cuneopsis **    
           +--+                
              +-- Schistodesmus **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 6 44 21 4 26 
                 +-- Lepidodesmini   
              +--+                   
              |  +-- Lanceolariini   
  +-----------+                      
  |           |  +-- Acuticostini    
  |           +--+                   
--+              +-- Anodontini      
  |                                  
  |  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
  +--+                               
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **   
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Unio **            
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Nodularia **       
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 13 10 7 10 5 4 28 
  +----------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                  
  +----------------- Cristariina     
  |                                  
  +----------------- Anodontina      
--+                                  
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini   
  |  |                               
  |  |           +-- Aculamprotula **   
  |  +-----------+                   
  +--+           +-- Lepidodesmini   
     |                               
     |  +----------- Unio **            
     |  |                            
     +--+  +-------- Middendorffinaia **
        |  |                         
        +--+  +----- Cuneopsis **       
           |  |                      
           +--+----- Nodularia **       
              |                      
              |  +-- Inversiunio **     
              +--+                   
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 1 6 3 1 31 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 5 45 15 4 22 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
  |           +----- Lanceolariini
--+  +--------+                   
  |  |        |  +-- Acuticostini 
  |  |        +--+                
  +--+           +-- Anodontini   
     |                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 7 10 5 4 27 
  +----------------------------- Anodontina      
  |                                              
--+                          +-- Acuticostini    
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       +-- Cristariina     
  +--+                                           
     |  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini   
     +--+                                        
        |  +-------------------- Lanceolariini   
        +--+                                     
           |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **   
           +--+                                  
              |  +-------------- Unio **            
              +--+                               
                 |  +----------- Middendorffinaia **
                 +--+                            
                    |  +-------- Nodularia **       
                    +--+                         
                       |  +----- Cuneopsis **       
                       +--+                      
                          |  +-- Inversiunio **     
                          +--+                   
                             +-- Schistodesmus **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 7 19 7 1 23 
  +-------------------- Anodontini     
--+                                    
  |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Unio **           
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Nodularia **      
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Tchangsinaia **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 6 80 15 4 22 
  +----------------------- Acuticostini 
  |                                     
--+                    +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------------+                
  |  |                 +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                                  
     |  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                               
        |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
        +--+                            
           |  +----------- Unio **         
           +--+                         
              |  +-------- Nodularia **    
              +--+                      
                 |  +----- Cuneopsis **    
                 +--+                   
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                    +--+                
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 8 4 4 3 3 26 
  +-------- Lanceolariini
  |                      
--+  +----- Unio **         
  |  |                   
  +--+  +-- Schistodesmus **
     |  |                
     +--+-- Cuneopsis **    
        |                
        +-- Nodularia **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 6 29 15 4 24 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                                  
  |              +----- Anodontini   
--+  +-----------+                   
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini 
  |  |           +--+                
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini
     |                               
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Unio **         
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Nodularia **    
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Cuneopsis **    
                 +--+                
                    +-- Schistodesmus **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 1 0 0 0 29 
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 8 6 69 17 2 28 
                 +-- Lanceolariini
  +--------------+                
  |              +-- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Unio **         
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Nodularia **    
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 6 80 15 4 22 
  +-------------------- Acuticostini 
  |                                  
  |              +----- Lanceolariini
--+  +-----------+                   
  |  |           |  +-- Lepidodesmini
  |  |           +--+                
  +--+              +-- Anodontini   
     |                               
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Unio **         
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Nodularia **    
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Cuneopsis **    
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                 +--+                
                    +-- Schistodesmus **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 4 1 1 1 26 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini   
--+                            
  |  +-------- Tchangsinaia **    
  +--+                         
     |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
     +--+                      
        |  +-- Middendorffinaia **
        +--+                   
           +-- Cuneopsis **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 5 13 13 3 23 
  +-------------------- Anodontini   
--+                                  
  |  +----------------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                               
     |  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Unio **         
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                 +--+                
                    +-- Nodularia **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 12 10 6 3 2 2 30 
  +-------------- Unio **            
  |                               
  |        +----- Aculamprotula **   
--+  +-----+                      
  |  |     |  +-- Anodontini      
  |  |     +--+                   
  +--+        +-- Lepidodesmini   
     |                            
     |  +-------- Middendorffinaia **
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Inversiunio **     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Cuneopsis **       
           +--+                   
              +-- Nodularia **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 6 66 16 2 27 
                    +-- Lanceolariini       
  +-----------------+                       
  |                 +-- Anodontini          
--+                                         
  |  +----------------- Unio **                
  +--+                                      
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **       
     +--+                                   
        |  +----------- Nodularia **           
        +--+                                
           |  +-------- Schistodesmus **       
           +--+                             
              |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **
              +--+                          
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **        
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 6 129 17 2 27 
                 +-- Lanceolariini
  +--------------+                
  |              +-- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Unio **         
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Nodularia **    
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Cuneopsis **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 1 0 0 0 30 
1

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 5 28 11 3 23.5 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+              +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Nodularia **    
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 5 38 12 3 23 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+              +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Schistodesmus **
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 5 34 12 3 23 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+              +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 6 6 129 17 2 25 
     +----------- Unio **                
     |                                
  +--+  +-------- Aculamprotula **       
  |  |  |                             
  |  |  +-------- Schistodesmus **       
  |  +--+                             
  |     +-------- Nodularia **           
  |     |                             
  |     |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **
--+     +--+                          
  |        |  +-- Tchangsinaia **        
  |        +--+                       
  |           +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens ** 
  |                                   
  |     +-------- Lanceolariini       
  |     |                             
  |     +-------- Cristariina         
  +-----+                             
        |  +----- Anodonta_anatina    
        |  |                          
        |  +----- Pseudanodonta       
        +--+                          
           +----- Alasmidontina       
           |                          
           |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
           +--+                       
              +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 0 6 115 17 2 23 
     +-- Unio_crassus **         
     |                        
     +-- Unio_pictorum **        
     |                        
     +-- Unio_tumidus **         
     |                        
     +-- Aculamprotula **        
     |                        
     +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii ** 
  +--+                        
  |  +-- Tchangsinaia **         
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **  
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae ** 
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae **
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Schistodesmus **        
  |                           
  |  +-- Alasmidonta          
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Anodonta_anatina     
--+  |                        
  |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana 
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Lasmigona            
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Pseudanodonta        
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Pyganodon            
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Simpsonaias          
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Strophitus           
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_lauta    
     |                        
     +-- Cristaria_plicata    
     |                        
     +-- Cristaria_radiata    
     |                        
     +-- Pletholophus         
     |                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida   
     |                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi  
     |                        
     +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola 
     |                        
     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1
     |                        
     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__2

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 5 34 12 3 23 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+              +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 6 66 16 2 27 
                    +-- Lanceolariini       
  +-----------------+                       
  |                 +-- Anodontini          
--+                                         
  |  +----------------- Unio **                
  +--+                                      
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **       
     +--+                                   
        |  +----------- Nodularia **           
        +--+                                
           |  +-------- Schistodesmus **       
           +--+                             
              |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **
              +--+                          
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **        
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 7 45 9 3 24 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
--+                    +-- Lanceolariini  
  |  +-----------------+                  
  |  |                 +-- Anodontini     
  +--+                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 6 1 2 0 0 29 
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 5 1 8 3 1 29 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 4 33 9 1 23 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unio **         
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Nodularia **

Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 5 3 3 2 1 20 
  +-------- Anodontini      
--+                         
  |  +----- Unio **            
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Middendorffinaia **
     +--+                   
        +-- Nodularia **

Marrone et al., 2019 [Publ 3907], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 4 1 0 0 0 28 
1

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 5 23 9 2 24 
  +----------------- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 13

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 2 2 0 0 24 
  +-- Middendorffinaia **
--+                   
  +-- Nodularia **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 2 1 0 0 24 
  +-- Nodularia **      
--+                  
  +-- Pseudocuneopsis **

Klishko et al., 2018 [Publ 3945], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 5 2 0 0 0 22 
  +-- Nodularia **
--+            
  +-- Unio **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 12 13 4 25 13 4 27 
  +-------------- Anodontini   
  |                            
  |           +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
--+  +--------+                
  |  |        +-- Nodularia **    
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Schistodesmus **
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Acuticostini 
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Inversiunio **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Lepidodesmini
           +--+                
              +-- Lanceolariini

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 8 6 5 32 10 4 25 
  +----------------- Anodontini   
  |                               
  |              +-- Acuticostini 
--+  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Lanceolariini
  |  |                            
  +--+           +-- Lepidodesmini
     |  +--------+                
     |  |        +-- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Nodularia **    
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 1 3 0 0 25 
1

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 5 7 5 3 23 
  +-------------------- Anodontini         
  |                                        
--+                 +-- Acuticostini       
  |  +--------------+                      
  |  |              +-- Lanceolariini      
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------------- Tchangsinaia **       
     +--+                                  
        |  +----------- Cuneopsis_heudei **   
        +--+                               
           |  +-------- Nodularia **          
           +--+                            
              |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis **    
              +--+                         
                 |  +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **
                 +--+                      
                    +-- Schistodesmus **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 6 1 8 3 1 27 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 5 24 11 2 22 
  +----------------- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Nodularia **    
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 5 30 9 4 24 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
  |           +----- Lanceolariini
--+  +--------+                   
  |  |        |  +-- Acuticostini 
  |  |        +--+                
  +--+           +-- Anodontini   
     |                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Nodularia **    
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 2 2 0 0 19 
  +-- Nodularia **    
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 8 4 2 4 1 1 27 
  +----------- Nodularia **        
  |                             
  |        +-- Unio_gibbus **      
--+        |                    
  |  +-----+-- Unio_tumidus **     
  |  |     |                    
  |  |     +-- Anodontini       
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Unio_pictorum__1 ** 
     |  |                       
     |  +----- Unio_pictorum__2 ** 
     +--+                       
        +----- Unio_mancus **      
        |                       
        |  +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
        +--+                    
           +-- Unio_crassus **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 6 1 4 1 1 28 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 5 25 11 2 22 
  +----------------- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Nodularia **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 22 5 5 27 15 4 43 
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__1  
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2  
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__1   
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__2   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta      
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_japonica    
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_beringiana  
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1  
--+                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2  
  |                             
  +----- Pletholophus           
  |                             
  +----- Anemina                
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata 
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__3   
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_angula     
  |                             
  +----- Lepidodesmini          
  |                             
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **          
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Acuticostini           
  |                             
  |  +-- Cuneopsis **              
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Nodularia **              
  |                             
  |  +-- Schistodesmus **          
  +--+                          
     +-- Inversiunio **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 11 9 4 14 6 3 25 
     +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
  |  |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
  |  +--+                
--+     +-- Nodularia **    
  |                      
  |  +----- Schistodesmus **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Acuticostini

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 1 0 0 0 25 
1

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 7 46 10 4 23 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                    
  |              +----- Anodontini     
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |           +--+                  
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Unio **           
        |  |                           
        +--+        +-- Pseudocuneopsis **
           |  +-----+                  
           |  |     +-- Nodularia **      
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Tchangsinaia **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 4 24 10 3 22 
        +----- Anodontini   
  +-----+                   
  |     |  +-- Acuticostini 
  |     +--+                
--+        +-- Lanceolariini
  |                         
  |  +-------- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unio **         
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Nodularia **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 2 0 0 0 23 
  +-- Cuneopsis **    
--+                
  +-- Schistodesmus **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 1 8 3 1 26 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 3 0 0 0 22 
  +----- Pseudocuneopsis **
--+                     
  |  +-- Schistodesmus **  
  +--+                  
     +-- Nodularia **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 1 4 1 1 27 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 5 3 0 0 0 22 
  +----- Nodularia **
--+               
  |  +-- Cuneopsis **
  +--+            
     +-- Unio **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 12

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 2 0 0 20 
  +-- Nodularia **  
--+              
  +-- Inversiunio **

Klishko et al., 2017 [Publ 3946], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 0 0 0 20 
  +-- Nodularia **
--+            
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 3 16 7 1 18 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio **         
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 3 16 7 1 19 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio **         
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 9 0 0 19 
  +-- Unio **         
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Bashê, 2022 [Publ 4265], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 4 1 1 0 0 26 
1

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 29 0 0 19 
  +-- Unio **         
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Prie et al., 2012 [Publ 3487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 1 0 0 25 
1

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 3 31 14 2 23 
        +-- Lanceolariini   
  +-----+                   
  |     +-- Anodontini      
--+                         
  |  +----- Middendorffinaia **
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Nodularia **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Unio **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 3 18 5 2 24 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Schistodesmus **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Aculamprotula **
        +--+                
           +-- Unio **

Mabuchi et al., 2021 [Publ 4233], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 0 0 0 23 
  +-- Tchangsinaia **
--+               
  +-- Nodularia **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 3 17 5 2 22 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                
           +-- Unio **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 5 5 2 21 
  +-------- Lanceolariini
--+                      
  |  +----- Anodontini   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                
        +-- Unio **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 6 4 3 13 3 2 20 
  +-------- Aculamprotula **
--+                      
  |  +----- Acuticostini 
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Nodularia **    
     +--+                
        +-- Cuneopsis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 13 11 3 36 8 2 30 
  +-------- Aculamprotula **
  |                      
--+     +-- Schistodesmus **
  |  +--+                
  |  |  +-- Unio **         
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 4 2 78 12 2 24 
     +-- Unio **         
  +--+                
  |  +-- Nodularia **    
--+                   
  |  +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                
     +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 29 0 0 19 
  +-- Unio **         
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 15 5 2 21 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                
        +-- Unio **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 3 17 5 2 24 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Schistodesmus **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Aculamprotula **
        +--+                
           +-- Unio **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 3 36 8 2 22 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                
           +-- Unio **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 3 26 6 2 19 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Acuticostini 
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Unio **         
        +--+                
           +-- Nodularia **

Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 7 5 1 23 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2005 [Publ 2726], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 1 0 0 22 
1

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 3 1 5 0 0 23 
1

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 1 0 0 0 24 
1

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 5 2 17 9 2 22 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Nodularia **    
     +--+                
        +-- Inversiunio **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 5 3 1 24 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 11 7 2 21 
  +-------------- Anodontini   
--+                            
  |  +----------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Nodularia **    
           +--+                
              +-- Unio **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 13 4 1 23 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 5 5 1 24 
  +----- Anodonta_anatina
  |                      
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea 
--+                      
  +----- Pseudanodonta   
  |                      
  |  +-- Cristariina     
  +--+                   
     +-- Unio **

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 12 2 2 20 
  +-------- Lanceolariini
--+                      
  |  +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Nodularia **    
     +--+                
        +-- Tchangsinaia **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 1 5 5 1 24 
  +----- Cristariina
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina 
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 4 3 1 23 
1

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 7 4 1 23 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 21 
  +----- Cristariina
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina 
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 16 4 1 23 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 10 5 1 23 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Kilikowska et al., 2020 [Publ 4335], fig. 4a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 0 0 0 23 
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 54 5 2 22 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unio **         
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Nodularia **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 7 5 3 31 11 4 25 
  +----------- Anodontini   
  |                         
  |     +----- Acuticostini 
--+  +--+                   
  |  |  |  +-- Nodularia **    
  |  |  +--+                
  +--+     +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
     |                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                
           +-- Lepidodesmini

Dyduch-Falniowska & Koziol, 1989 [Publ 3814], fig. 5_7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 2 2 1 23 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 0 1 4 4 1 21 
  +----- Cristariina
--+                 
  |  +-- Unio **       
  +--+              
     +-- Anodontina

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 15 6 2 23 
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 21 
  +----- Anodontina 
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristariina
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 54 5 2 22 
  +----------- Lanceolariini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Anodontini   
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unio **         
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Nodularia **    
        +--+                
           +-- Tchangsinaia **

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 5 3 1 3 2 1 25 
  +-------- Unio_crassus ** 
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 0 1 4 3 1 23 
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 5 5 1 21 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 16 4 1 23 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 2 2 1 21 
  +----- Cristariina
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina 
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 5 5 1 21 
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina
  |                         
--+  +----- Cristariina     
  |  |                      
  +--+----- Unio **            
     |                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea 
     +--+                   
        +-- Pseudanodonta

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 21 
  +----- Anodontina 
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristariina
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 9 7 2 22 6 1 28 
  +-------------- Nodularia **       
  |                               
--+  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea 
  |  |                            
  +--+  +-------- Unio_pictorum__2 **
     |  |                         
     +--+     +-- Unio_pictorum__1 **
        |  +--+                   
        |  |  +-- Unio_caffer **     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Anodonta        
           +--+                   
              +-- Alasmidontina

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 5 3 2 13 1 1 24 
  +----------- Aculamprotula **  
--+                           
  |  +-------- Unio_pictorum **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Anodontini     
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
        +--+                  
           +-- Lamellidentini

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 4 2 2 13 4 2 20 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                
        +-- Unio **

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 4 2 2 31 12 2 21 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Schistodesmus **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                
        +-- Aculamprotula **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 20 4 1 23 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 21 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 4 4 1 21 
        +-- Anodonta_anatina
  +-----+                   
  |     +-- Unio **            
--+                         
  |  +----- Cristariina     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea 
     +--+                   
        +-- Pseudanodonta

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 4 2 3 11 1 1 24 
     +-- Schistodesmus **
  +--+                
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 6 3 3 10 6 3 23 
  +----------- Anodontini          
  |                                
--+        +-- Nodularia **           
  |  +-----+                       
  |  |     +-- Cuneopsis **           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii  
     |  |                          
     +--+----- Acuticostini        
        |                          
        |  +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola
        +--+                       
           +-- Aculamprotula **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 9 0 2 12 1 1 28 
  +-- Aculamprotula **  
  |                  
  +-- Lamprotula     
  |                  
  +-- Lampsilini     
  |                  
  +-- Potomida       
  |                  
--+-- Unio_pictorum **  
  |                  
  +-- Anodontini     
  |                  
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
  |                  
  +-- Lamellidentini 
  |                  
  +-- Pleurobemini

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 5 3 1 3 2 1 25 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                      
  |  +----- Anodontini   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 10 3 1 21 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 5 4 1 23 
1

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 4 0 2 12 1 1 23 
  +-- Anodontini     
  |                  
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
--+                  
  +-- Unio_pictorum **  
  |                  
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 14 5 3 31 11 4 32 
  +-------- Strophitus   
  |                      
  +-------- Schistodesmus **
  |                      
  +-------- Lepidodesmini
  |                      
  +-------- Acuticostini 
  |                      
  +-------- Cristariina  
--+                      
  +-------- Lanceolariini
  |                      
  |     +-- Nodularia **    
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
  |                      
  |  +----- Utterbackia  
  |  |                   
  +--+----- Utterbackiana
     |                   
     |  +-- Alasmidonta  
     +--+                
        +-- Lasmigona

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 10 3 1 21 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 21 1 1 21 
  +----- Acuticostini
--+                  
  |  +-- Nodularia **   
  +--+               
     +-- Inversiunio **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 28 6 1 -- 
1

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 32 3 1 -- 
1

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 17 0 2 20 4 1 35 
  +----- Anodontina         
  |                         
  |  +-- Gonideini          
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis  
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Utterbackia        
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
--+  |                      
  |  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Megalonaias        
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Obliquaria         
  |  |                      
  +--+-- Theliderma         
     |                      
     +-- Quadrula           
     |                      
     +-- Uniomerus          
     |                      
     +-- Amblema            
     |                      
     +-- Elliptio           
     |                      
     +-- Fusconaia          
     |                      
     +-- Plectomerus        
     |                      
     +-- Aculamprotula **      
     |                      
     +-- Unio **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 23 8 1 -- 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 44 4 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 5 0 1 29 3 1 25 
  +----- Unio_pictorum **
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 1 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 33 33 1 -- 
  +-- Cuneopsis ** 
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 44 4 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 5 3 1 -- 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio **         
  +--+                
     +-- Aculamprotula **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 29 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 45 4 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 17 15 2 -- 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 3 0 2 10 6 2 21 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Nodularia **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Inversiunio **

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 16 2 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 7 2 -- 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Lepidodesmini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Schistodesmus **
     +--+                
        +-- Unio **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 9 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 5 3 1 -- 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio **         
  +--+                
     +-- Aculamprotula **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 10 0 2 23 8 1 28 
  +----- Unio **         
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Anodontini

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 9 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 28 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 28 6 1 -- 
1

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 15 15 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 6 6 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **       
  |              
--+-- Cristariina
  |              
  +-- Anodontina

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 29 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 1 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 8 2 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 27 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio **         
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 8 4 2 -- 
  +----- Lanceolariini
--+                   
  |  +-- Inversiunio **  
  +--+                
     +-- Nodularia **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 29 3 1 -- 
1

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 36 14 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 10 8 1 -- 
  +-- Nodularia **    
--+                
  +-- Lanceolariini

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 45 4 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 28 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 34 2 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 5 0 1 29 3 1 25 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  |                
--+-- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                
  +-- Anodontini

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 34 2 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 2 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 17 1 -- 
  +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea        
  |                                         
  +----------------- Pyganodon              
  |                                         
  +----------------- Alasminota             
  |                                         
  +----------------- Anodonta_anatina       
  |                                         
  +----------------- Unio **                   
  |                                         
  +----------------- Cristariina            
  |                                         
  |              +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana   
--+--------------+                          
  |              +-- Anodonta_californiensis
  |                                         
  |              +-- Pseudodontoideus       
  |              |                          
  +--------------+-- Alasmidonta            
  |              |                          
  |              +-- Pterosyna              
  |                                         
  |  +-------------- Pseudanodonta          
  |  |                                      
  |  |        +----- Strophitus             
  |  +--------+                             
  +--+        |  +-- Prolasmidonta          
     |        +--+                          
     |           +-- Platynaias             
     |                                      
     |  +----------- Anodonta_oregonensis__4
     +--+                                   
        |  +-------- Anodonta_oregonensis__3
        +--+                                
           |  +----- Anodonta_oregonensis__2
           +--+                             
              |  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis__1
              +--+                          
                 +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2395], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Unio **

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 27 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 6 1 -- 
  +-- Tchangsinaia **
--+               
  +-- Anodontini

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 28 1 -- 
  +-- Schistodesmus **
--+                
  +-- Anodontini

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Giribet & Distel, 2003 [Publ 3670], fig. 3f5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Vikhrev et al., 2018 [Publ 3812], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri **

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 2 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 6 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 4 1 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Wang et al., 2016 [Publ 3714], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus **

Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 3 1 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 1 1 -- 
-- Unio **

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini
 
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