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Page last updated
Thu 3 September 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida

superfamily UNIONOIDEA Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics
     2 families

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 837 (1124 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: family) = 2
analyzed in 555 cladograms in 305 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 173 (mean = 22.29, median = 14)
maximum number of subtaxa (family) = 2 (mean = 1.46, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 553
maximum number of included terminals = 173, (mean = 22.37 median = 14)
maximum number of subtaxa (family) = 2 (mean = 1.46, median = 1)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.94

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 89
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (family) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 173 (mean = 36.6, median = 22)
maximum number of subtaxa (family) = 2 (mean = 2, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.7

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ Tree

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
707771210930
  +----------------------------------- Hyrioidea       
  |                                                    
--+  +-------------------------------- Margaritiferidae **
  |  |                                                 
  +--+  +----------------------------- Etherioidea     
     |  |                                              
     +--+  +-------------------------- Parreysiinae **    
        |  |                                           
        |  |  +----------------------- Unioninae **       
        +--+  |                                        
           |  |              +-------- Rectidentini **    
           |  |  +-----------+                         
           +--+  |           |  +----- Lens **            
              |  |           +--+                      
              |  |              |  +-- Physunio **        
              |  |              +--+                   
              +--+                 +-- unionoid        
                 |                                     
                 |  +----------------- Ambleminae **      
                 |  |                                  
                 |  |              +-- Chamberlainiini ** 
                 +--+  +-----------+                   
                    |  |           +-- Lamprotulini **    
                    |  |                               
                    +--+           +-- Parvasolenaia **   
                       |  +--------+                   
                       |  |        +-- Pseudodontini **   
                       +--+                            
                          |  +-------- Sinosolenaia **    
                          +--+                         
                             |  +----- Gonidea **         
                             +--+                      
                                |  +-- Microcondylaea **  
                                +--+                   
                                   +-- Leguminaia **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
173173109226242156
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
173173154226242143
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
171171169226242153
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
125125721000130
1

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
124137123215132114
                       +-- Chamberlainia **   
  +--------------------+                   
  |                    +-- Margaritiferidae **
  |                                        
  |                    +-- Etherioidea     
--+--------------------+                   
  |                    +-- Hyrioidea       
  |                                        
  |  +-------------------- Parreysiinae **    
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +----------------- Unioninae **       
     |  |                                  
     +--+              +-- Contradentini **   
        |  +-----------+                   
        |  |           +-- Rectidentini **    
        +--+                               
           |  +----------- Ambleminae **      
           +--+                            
              |  +-------- Pseudodontini **   
              +--+                         
                 |  +----- Gonideini **       
                 +--+                      
                    |  +-- Sinohyriopsis **   
                    +--+                   
                       +-- Lamprotulini **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
124137137215132110
  +-------- Margaritiferidae **
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae **       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyrioidea

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1181181002000155
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
112117992972100
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1121121001000149
1

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
104104632000216
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1021021032000154
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
102102922000158
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9191872432116
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9191892432117
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8787842432110
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8787832432110
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8585832332103
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
838350100096
1

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8282801000130
1

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8181792108290
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8181792108290
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
767674200075
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7676742000111
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
767673200066
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7373631000141
1

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7373671000140
1

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
707068233294
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
696967243293
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
696967243295
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
646462243290
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6363611000133
1

Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6262601000131
1

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6161551000127
1

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6161491000127
1

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5858541000124
1

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5858521000124
1

Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5858591000113
1

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5858541000124
1

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5757482000122
  +-- Unioninae **       
  |                   
--+-- Margaritiferidae **
  |                   
  +-- Ambleminae **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
57576021192104
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
57576021192106
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
57575921192104
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5656512000122
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
565654200084
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
545452200091
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
535345200087
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
535351200088
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
535352200098
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
535351200088
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
525250200094
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5252412000106
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
525250254296
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
525350254298
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae **       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyrioidea       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
525250243282
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5050491000112
1

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4949422000120
     +----- Parreysiinae **    
  +--+                      
  |  |  +-- Pseudodontini **   
  |  +--+                   
  |     +-- Contradentini **   
  |                         
--+     +-- Gibbosulinae **    
  |     |                   
  |     +-- Margaritiferinae **
  |     |                   
  |     +-- Sinosolenaia **    
  |     |                   
  +-----+-- Leguminaia **      
        |                   
        +-- Gonidea **         
        |                   
        +-- Lamprotula **      
        |                   
        +-- Potomida **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
484846200083
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
484846200093
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
474745200089
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4646442000105
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
454553200098
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4545382000101
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
454541200094
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
454543243289
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
454543200094
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
454538200098
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
444442200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
444644222290
  +-------- Unionidae **       
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyrioidea       
     +--+                   
        +-- Etherioidea

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
444442200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
434342200098
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4343421000114
1

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4242411000114
1

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4242401000114
1

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4242421000110
1

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4242361000113
1

Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4141401000111
1

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4141421000114
1

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4141421000106
1

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4141411000109
1

Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4141391000113
1

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
404039100085
1

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
404031200092
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
404038200080
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
404036200086
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3939381000107
1

Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3939371000107
1

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3838331000103
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3838341000105
1

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
383836243279
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
383836200095
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
383836100086
1

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
383836200084
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
383836200084.5
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
373735200098
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
373735200096
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
373725200097
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
373735200094
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
373735200096
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
373837211195
  +-------------- Margaritiferidae **
  |                               
--+  +----------- Unioninae **       
  |  |                            
  +--+  +-------- Lampsilini **      
     |  |                         
     +--+     +-- Hyrioidea       
        |  +--+                   
        |  |  +-- Amblemini **       
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Pleurobemini **    
           +--+                   
              +-- Quadrulini **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
363633100088
1

Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3636201000108
1

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
363634100088
1

Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3636341000109
1

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3636352111101
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
363634200078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
363622200081
  +----- Margaritiferidae **
  |                      
--+----- Ambleminae **      
  |                      
  |  +-- Gonideinae **      
  +--+                   
     +-- Unioninae **

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3636261000111
1

Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3636221000108
1

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
353526100094
1

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3535331000103
1

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3535301000111
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
353534100099
1

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3434322000102
                       +----- Prolasmidonta **           
                    +--+                              
                    |  |  +-- Alasmidonta **             
                    |  +--+                           
  +-----------------+     +-- Anemina **                 
  |                 |                                 
  |                 |  +----- Pseudodontini **           
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata **      
  |                    +--+                           
  |                       +-- Chamberlainia **           
  |                                                   
  |                    +----- Schistodesmus **           
  |              +-----+                              
  |              |     |  +-- Lepidodesmini **           
--+              |     +--+                           
  |              |        +-- Aculamprotula **           
  |  +-----------+                                    
  |  |           |     +----- Platynaias **              
  |  |           |  +--+                              
  |  |           |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |  |           |  |  +--+                           
  |  |           +--+     +-- Pyganodon **               
  |  |              |                                 
  |  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta **             
  |  |              +--+                              
  |  |                 |  +-- Cristaria **               
  +--+                 +--+                           
     |                    +-- Anodontina **              
     |                                                
     |                    +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     |              +-----+                           
     |              |     +-- Potamilus_alatus **        
     |  +-----------+                                 
     |  |           |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii **        
     |  |           +--+                              
     |  |              |  +-- Sinohyriopsis **           
     +--+              +--+                           
        |                 +-- Gonideini **               
        |                                             
        |  +----------------- Margaritiferidae **        
        +--+                                          
           |  +-------------- Quadrulini **              
           +--+                                       
              |  +----------- Toxolasma **               
              +--+                                    
                 |  +-------- Lampsilis_ornata **        
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +----- Potamilus_leptodon **      
                    +--+                              
                       |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea **   
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Lampsilis_powellii **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 4041], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
343421100094
1

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
343431200091
  +-- Cumberlandia ** 
  |                
--+-- Margaritifera **
  |                
  +-- Unionidae **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
343415200089
  +-- Cumberlandia ** 
  |                
--+-- Margaritifera **
  |                
  +-- Unionidae **

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3333292000100.5
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
333316210095
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3333211000107
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
323230200082
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
323230200092
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
323230287272
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313129200098
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313122100093
1

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313129200081
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313127100090
1

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313128200093
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313132220092
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313129100075
1

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313128200098
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313128100092
1

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
313129100076
1

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
303129211181.5
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  |                   
--+-- Hyrioidea       
  |                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Burdick & White, 2007 [Publ 2679], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3030311000106
1

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
292928200077
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2929201000101
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
292927100090
1

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2929271000100
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
292927200094
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
282826100093
1

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
282826200083
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
282825200092
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2828261000101
1

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2828261000100
1

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2828261000101
1

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
282826100093
1

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
282827100097
1

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
28282621312286
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
282826200096
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
28282621312286
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
27272122019280
     +-- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Etherioidea     
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Konopleva et al., 2021 [Publ 4213], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
272722100094
1

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
272725210089.5
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
272725100096
1

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
27282622019276
  +-------------------------- Hyrioidea       
  |                                           
  |                 +-------- Iridinidae      
--+  +--------------+                         
  |  |              |  +----- Etheria         
  |  |              +--+                      
  |  |                 |  +-- Mulleria        
  +--+                 +--+                   
     |                    +-- Mycetopodidae   
     |                                        
     |  +-------------------- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Parreysiinae **    
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Pseudomulleria  
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Unioninae **       
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Contradentini **   
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Ambleminae **      
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Gonideini **       
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Pseudodontini **

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
272725100097
1

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
272723200091
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
272721232280
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
272725232279
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2630272109283
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae **       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyrioidea

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
262617100095
1

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
26272422019283
  +-------------------------- Hyrioidea       
  |                                           
  |                       +-- Etheria         
  |                    +--+                   
--+                    |  +-- Mulleria        
  |  +-----------------+                      
  |  |                 |  +-- Mycetopodidae   
  |  |                 +--+                   
  +--+                    +-- Iridinidae      
     |                                        
     |  +-------------------- Parreysiinae **    
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Pseudomulleria  
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Margaritiferidae **
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Pseudodontini **   
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Contradentini **   
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Unioninae **       
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Gonideini **       
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Ambleminae **

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2626181000101
1

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2631302109277
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
262623100099
1

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
26453922019299
  +----------------- Parreysiinae **    
  |                                  
  |           +----- Margaritiferidae **
--+  +--------+                      
  |  |        |  +-- Hyrioidea       
  |  |        +--+                   
  +--+           +-- Etherioidea     
     |                               
     |  +----------- Pseudodontini **   
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Contradentini **   
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Unioninae **       
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Gonideini **       
              +--+                   
                 +-- Ambleminae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
262624200093
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
252527100093
1

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
252523100088
1

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
252591000100
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
252523100091
1

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
252561000101
1

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
242422100083
1

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
242417100083
1

Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
242410100098
1

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
242422100081
1

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3922], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
232321100095
1

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
232321100079
1

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2323212119286
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unionidae **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
232321100078
1

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
232321286283
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2323212119286
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unionidae **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
232321200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
222220211178
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
222220100084
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
222220100083
1

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
222221200083
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
222220100079
1

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
212119100090
1

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21224210088
  +----- Cumberlandia ** 
  |                   
  +----- None__2      
--+                   
  +----- Margaritifera **
  |                   
  |  +-- None__1      
  +--+                
     +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
212116200087
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
212119243280
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
212119200086
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
212119100078
1

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
212119200086
  +-------------------- Margaritiferinae **       
  |                                            
  |  +----------------- Anodontini **             
--+  |                                         
  |  |     +----------- Chamberlainiini **        
  |  |  +--+                                   
  +--+  |  |  +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **       
     |  |  +--+                                
     |  |     |  +----- Lamprotula_caveata **     
     |  |     +--+                             
     |  |        |  +-- Gibbosulinae **           
     +--+        +--+                          
        |           +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **
        |                                      
        |        +----- Aculamprotula **          
        |     +--+                             
        |     |  |  +-- Tchangsinaia **           
        |     |  +--+                          
        +-----+     +-- Nodularia **              
              |                                
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **          
              +--+                             
                 |  +-- Lanceolariini **          
                 +--+                          
                    +-- Acuticostini **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21223210087.5
  +-- Cumberlandia ** 
  |                
  +-- None__1      
  |                
--+-- None__2      
  |                
  +-- Margaritifera **
  |                
  +-- Unionidae **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4212], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
212119100085
1

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
212119243278
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
212119100090
1

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20301821110290
  +----------------- Margaritiferidae **
  |                                  
  |  +-------------- Amblemini **       
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Parreysiinae **    
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Eurynia **         
--+  |                               
  |  +-------------- Fusconaia **       
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Gonideinae **      
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Pleurobema **      
  |  |                               
  +--+-------------- Quadrulini **      
     |                               
     |  +----------- Ortmanniana **     
     +--+                            
     |  |  +-------- Glebula **         
     |  +--+                         
     |     |  +----- Potamilus **       
     |     +--+                      
     |        |  +-- Ligumia **         
     |        +--+                   
     |           +-- Toxolasma **       
     |                               
     |  +----------- Cyrtonaias **      
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Unionini **        
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Anodontini **      
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Hyrioidea       
              +--+                   
                 +-- Etherioidea

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
202018200075
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
202017200089
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20201721110279
  +----------------- Hyrioidea       
--+                                  
  |  +-------------- Etherioidea     
  +--+                               
     |  +----------- Parreysiinae **    
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Margaritiferidae **
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Ambleminae **      
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Gonideinae **      
              +--+                   
                 +-- Unioninae **

Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
202023100091
1

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
202018200081
  +-------- Unioninae **       
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Ambleminae **      
     +--+                   
        +-- Gonideinae **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
202017200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
202018200075
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
202018222178
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
202018222180
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
202013100092
1

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20201621110284
     +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20211421413281
  +-------------------- Hyrioidea       
  |                                     
  |           +-------- Iridinidae      
--+  +--------+                         
  |  |        |  +----- Etheria         
  |  |        +--+                      
  |  |           |  +-- Mulleria        
  +--+           +--+                   
     |              +-- Mycetopodidae   
     |                                  
     |  +-------------- Parreysiinae **    
     |  |                               
     +--+  +----------- Pseudomulleria  
        |  |                            
        +--+  +-------- Anodontini **      
           |  |                         
           +--+  +----- Gonideinae **      
              |  |                      
              +--+----- Unionini **        
                 |                      
                 |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Ambleminae **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20201721110278
  +----------------- Hyrioidea       
--+                                  
  |  +-------------- Etherioidea     
  +--+                               
     |  +----------- Parreysiinae **    
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Margaritiferidae **
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Gonideinae **      
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Unioninae **       
              +--+                   
                 +-- Ambleminae **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
20302821110280
  +-------- Margaritiferidae **
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae **       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyrioidea

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
191922220087
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
191917200075
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
191917200083
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19195200090
  +-- Cumberlandia ** 
  |                
--+-- Margaritifera **
  |                
  +-- Unionidae **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
191917200075
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
191917200081
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
191917200082
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1818162119286
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unionidae **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
181816100089
1

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
181816100084
1

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
181816100091
1

Porto-Hannes et al., 2019 [Publ 3969], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
181816100090
1

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
181810100087
1

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
181814200082
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
181817100089
1

Porto-Hannes et al., 2019 [Publ 3969], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
181813100090
1

Grobler et al., 2011 [Publ 3359], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
171713100088
1

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
171713100083
1

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
171715232185
  +----- Etherioidea     
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1717152119287
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unionidae **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
171715100082
1

Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
171715200081
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
171715100086
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1717152119287
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unionidae **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
171811111178
  +----------- Cristariina **    
  |                           
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini **  
  |  |                        
--+  +-------- Anodonta **       
  |  |                        
  |  +-------- Unionini **       
  |  |                        
  +--+     +-- Alasmidontina **  
     +-----+                  
     |     +-- Pseudanodonta **  
     |                        
     |  +----- Ambleminae **     
     |  |                     
     +--+  +-- Hyrioidea      
        |  |                  
        +--+-- Lamprotulini **   
           |                  
           +-- Chamberlainiini **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
171715100083
1

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161614100092
1

Szumowski et al., 2012 [Publ 3569], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161612100087
1

Johnson et al., 2018 [Publ 3844], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161614100087
1

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161614200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161614200081
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161612210079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161614100084
1

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161614100077
1

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161613100090
1

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16161322019283
  +-------------- Hyrioidea       
--+                               
  |  +----------- Etherioidea     
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Unioninae **       
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Margaritiferidae **
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Gonideinae **      
           +--+                   
              +-- Ambleminae **

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161610100090
1

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161614211174
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Lyubas et al., 2019 [Publ 3963], fig. 10

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
161612100090
1

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151513100089
1

Kongim et al., 2023 [Publ 4290], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151513100078
1

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151512100091
1

Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151512100083
1

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151513100085
1

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151515210085
  +-------- Margaritifera_margaritifera__2 **
--+                                       
  |  +----- Unionidae **                     
  +--+                                    
     |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera__1 **
     +--+                                 
        +-- Margaritifera_falcata **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151513100089
1

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151513100077
1

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151512100075
1

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15152100088
1

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151513100086
1

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
151513100089
1

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141411200088
  +----- Unioninae **       
  |                      
  +----- Margaritiferidae **
  |                      
--+----- Lampsilini **      
  |                      
  +----- Amblemini **       
  |                      
  |  +-- Quadrulini **      
  +--+                   
     +-- Pleurobemini **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412100089
1

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412100079
1

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412200074
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3738], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412100085
1

Douda et al., 2024 [Publ 4364], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141413200087
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Szumowski et al., 2012 [Publ 3569], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412100089
1

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412210078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14141221613282
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unionidae **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412200088
  +-- Unioninae **       
  |                   
--+-- Margaritiferidae **
  |                   
  +-- Ambleminae **

Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412200087
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412200087
  +-- Unioninae **       
  |                   
--+-- Margaritiferidae **
  |                   
  +-- Ambleminae **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14149200089
  +----- Unioninae **       
  |                      
  +----- Margaritiferidae **
  |                      
--+----- Quadrulini **      
  |                      
  +----- Lampsilini **      
  |                      
  |  +-- Amblemini **       
  +--+                   
     +-- Pleurobemini **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 10

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141410200087
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14141221613282
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unionidae **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412200078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
141412200080
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311100074
1

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311210076
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311221184.5
  +----------------- Hyrioidea       
  |                                  
--+  +-------------- Unioninae **       
  |  |                               
  +--+  +----------- Lamprotulini **    
     |  |                            
     +--+        +-- Gonideini **       
        |  +-----+                   
        |  |     +-- Pseudodontini **   
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Lampsilini **      
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Pleurobemini **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Margaritiferidae **

Vikhrev et al., 2018 [Publ 3812], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311200084
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311221182.5
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311100072
1

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311100084
1

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311254178
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131310100079
1

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311211180
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Jeratthitikul & Sutcharit, 2023 [Publ 4289], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311100088
1

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311221182.5
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131310200086
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311100079
1

Sayenko et al., 2021 [Publ 4189], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311100085
1

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
131311100075
1

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210100089
1

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121212100088
1

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210100084
1

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 7A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210100086
1

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210100081
1

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210100079
1

Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210100075
1

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210100085
1

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121211100084
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210200081
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210200082
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Konopleva et al., 2020 [Publ 4072], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12129100086
1

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210100080
1

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12129100082
1

Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121212100082
1

Araujo et al., 2016 [Publ 3746], fig. 1_2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
121210210084
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119100084
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119200085
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119100085
1

Morrison et al., 2021 [Publ 4362], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119100086
1

Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
111113200083
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  |                   
--+-- Unioninae **       
  |                   
  +-- Parreysiinae **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11117200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11116100083
1

Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11118100080
1

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
111110200078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 27

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11117100082
1

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11128110084
     +----- Amblemini **   
  +--+                  
  |  |  +-- Pleurobemini **
  |  +--+               
  |     +-- Quadrulini **  
--+                     
  |  +----- Obliquaria **  
  |  |                  
  |  +----- None        
  +--+                  
     +----- Popenaiadini **
     |                  
     |  +-- Glebula **     
     +--+               
        +-- Cyrtonaias **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119100083
1

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119210080
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119210078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11118200076
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119200085
  +----- Ambleminae **      
--+                      
  |  +-- Unioninae **       
  +--+                   
     +-- Margaritiferidae **

Araujo et al., 2016 [Publ 3746], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119100085
1

Roe, 2013 [Publ 3571], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11119100088
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 12

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11118100085
1

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10119211176
  +----- Unionidae **       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyrioidea

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108163186
  +-- Hyrioidea
--+            
  +-- Unionidae **

Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
101011200082
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 13

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108200083
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10107210079.5
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108200081
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10107100079
1

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108100077
1

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10107220080.5
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108100083
1

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108200075
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10106220080.5
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Morrison et al., 2021 [Publ 4362], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108100087
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108100084
1

Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108200082
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Stodola et al., 2021 [Publ 4266], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10107100086
1

Roe et al., 2002 [Publ 2689], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108100087
1

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108200079
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10106100087
1

Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10109200081
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108200075
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Keogh & Simons, 2019 [Publ 3935], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108100086
1

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108200077
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Roe & Lydeard, 1998 [Publ 2693], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10105100086
1

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10108211177
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
995100080
1

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
996200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997100080
1

Muanta et al., 2019 [Publ 3921], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
998100077
1

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
998100083
1

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997100081
1

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9108211180
  +----- Unionidae **       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyrioidea

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 25

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997100086
1

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
990163179
  +-- Hyrioidea
--+            
  +-- Unionidae **

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997200081
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9914100081
1

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9157163184
  +-------- Parreysiinae **
  |                     
  +-------- Gonideinae **  
--+                     
  |     +-- Hyrioidea   
  |  +--+               
  |  |  +-- Trigonioidea
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Pleurobemini **
     |  |               
     +--+-- Lampsilini **  
        |               
        +-- Unioninae **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997100075
1

Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997100081
1

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
996200081
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Takeuchi et al., 2015 [Publ 3661], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997210081
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997200082
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997200081
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
996100085
1

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997100075
1

Takeuchi et al., 2015 [Publ 3661], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997210081
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
885100078
1

Bauer et al., 2021 [Publ 4365], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
885100080
1

Kondakov et al., 2018 [Publ 3914], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886100080
1

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
883100082
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 16

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
887200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
884200077
  +----- Anodontina **      
  |                      
--+  +-- Cristariina **     
  |  |                   
  +--+-- Margaritiferidae **
     |                   
     +-- Unionini **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886111180
  +-- Hyrioidea
--+            
  +-- Unionidae **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 8A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886100084
1

Klishko et al., 2018 [Publ 3945], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
885100078
1

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2395], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886200080.5
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886100079
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
885100080
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 18

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
887100085
1

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886111180
  +-- Hyrioidea
--+            
  +-- Unionidae **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886100079
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886200084
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Marrone et al., 2019 [Publ 3907], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
884100082
1

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886100073
1

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886100078
1

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3732], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
887200083
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 12

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
886200083
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775100074
1

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775200078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Buhay et al., 2002 [Publ 2661], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775100083
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775100079
1

Serb, 2006 [Publ 2678], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
778100084
1

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775100076
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775200080
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
774200074
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  |                   
--+-- Anodontini **      
  |                   
  +-- Unionini **

Serb, 2006 [Publ 2678], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
778100084
1

Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3727], fig. 3_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
773100079
1

Buhay et al., 2002 [Publ 2661], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
773100083
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
773100076
1

Jones & Neves, 2010 [Publ 2646], fig. 16

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775100084
1

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775200078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
774211175
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Serb, 2006 [Publ 2678], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
777100084
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 30

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775100078
1

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
772200074
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  |                   
--+-- Anodontini **      
  |                   
  +-- Unionini **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775100074
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
774100078
1

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
773210079.5
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775100080
1

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
716142109288
  +-------------- Margaritiferidae **
  |                               
  |     +-------- Unionini **        
--+  +--+                         
  |  |  |  +----- Pleurobemini **    
  |  |  +--+                      
  |  |     |  +-- Anodontini **      
  +--+     +--+                   
     |        +-- Lampsilini **      
     |                            
     |  +-------- Parreysiini **     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Coelaturini **     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Hyrioidea       
           +--+                   
              +-- Etherioidea

Jones & Neves, 2010 [Publ 2646], fig. 17

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
771100084
1

Serb & Barnhart, 2008 [Publ 2674], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
779100084
1

Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
774100083
1

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
774211175
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Smith et al., 2023 [Publ 4291], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
775100083
1

Goncalves et al., 2022 [Publ 4253], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
776100080
1

Serb & Barnhart, 2008 [Publ 2674], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7710100084
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664200078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
662100079
1

Klishko et al., 2017 [Publ 3946], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100076
1

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
663100080
1

Zieritz et al., 2016 [Publ 3804], fig. S2-1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
663100077
1

Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson, 2012 [Publ 3375], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
665100081
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100079
1

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664200075
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100079
1

Prie et al., 2012 [Publ 3487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664200076
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100080.5
1

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664200074
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100076
1

Keogh & Simons, 2019 [Publ 3935], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
666100084
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 14

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664200079
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664200077
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100081
1

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 3a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
665100082
1

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100077
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100077
1

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664200078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 17

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
665200080
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100075
1

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100080
1

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664200076
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100075
1

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
664100077
1

Bashê, 2022 [Publ 4265], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
665200082
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
554100079
1

Soroka, 2005 [Publ 2726], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100077
1

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
554100079
1

Lane et al., 2016 [Publ 3735], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
551100083
1

Mabuchi et al., 2021 [Publ 4233], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100079.5
1

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
554100080
1

Dyduch-Falniowska & Koziol, 1989 [Publ 3814], fig. 5_7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100075
1

Nagel et al., 1996 [Publ 3400], fig. 351

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
554100080
1

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100080
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100082
1

Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553200077
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 14

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
554100080
1

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5119266179
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  |                   
--+-- Unionidae **       
  |                   
  +-- Hyrioidea

Krebs et al., 2013 [Publ 3515], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100080
1

Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100079
1

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100079
1

Jones et al., 2006 [Publ 2681], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
554100082
1

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100081
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100078
1

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100081
1

Buhay et al., 2002 [Publ 2661], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100083
1

Saxon et al., 2023 [Publ 4338], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100082
1

Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553100079
1

Sayenko et al., 2017 [Publ 3760], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100081
1

Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442200076
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4422119277
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae **

Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442200079
  +-------- Cristaria **       
--+                         
  |  +----- Sinanodonta **     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Gonideinae **

Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
441100077
1

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100080
1

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100076
1

Giribet & Distel, 2003 [Publ 3670], fig. 3f5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
441220076
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
441100076
1

Klishko et al., 2014 [Publ 3666], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100079
1

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100076
1

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100077
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100081
1

Bulakhova et al., 2023 [Publ 4325], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100081
1

Patterson et al., 2021 [Publ 4222], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100079
1

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100076
1

Gangloff et al., 2013 [Publ 3551], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100081
1

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
441100076
1

Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100077
1

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4141221010186
     +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Unioninae **       
--+                      
  |  +-- Ambleminae **      
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyrioidea

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
41082119280
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae **       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Etherioidea

Johnson et al., 2023 [Publ 4323], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100081
1

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442200078
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100078
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3835], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100080
1

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100080
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
443100081
1

Klishko et al., 2016 [Publ 3733], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100079
1

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100076
1

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100080
1

Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
442100075
1

Metzger et al., 2018 [Publ 3952], fig. 1C

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100076
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100076
1

Smith & Johnson, 2020 [Publ 4229], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100080
1

Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331200076
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100078
1

Hinzmann et al., 2013 [Publ 3541], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100075
1

Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331200077
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Wang et al., 2016 [Publ 3714], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100077
1

Välilä et al., 2017 [Publ 3793], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331200077
  +-- Unionidae **       
--+                   
  +-- Margaritiferidae **

Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331210075
  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                   
  +-- Unionidae **

Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331110078
  +----- Unionidae **
--+               
  |  +-- None__1  
  +--+            
     +-- None__2

Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331221177
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Ambleminae **      
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Unioninae **

Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331221177
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unioninae **       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
     +--+                   
        +-- Ambleminae **

Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100079
1

Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100077
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2016 [Publ 3757], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100075
1

Froufe et al., 2014 [Publ 3592], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100077
1

Mock et al., 2013 [Publ 3598], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100079
1

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100076
1

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 6A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100077
1

Shirai et al., 2010 [Publ 3353], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100077
1

Kilikowska et al., 2020 [Publ 4335], fig. 4a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100077
1

Imsong & Murali, 2023 [Publ 4370], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331100079
1

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
230232277
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae **       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2201000--
1

Lemer et al., 2019 [Publ 4093], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2202421--
  +----- Etherioidea     
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
240232278
     +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                      
  |  +-- Unionidae **       
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyrioidea

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
240242278
     +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
--+                      
  |  +-- Unionidae **       
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyrioidea

Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2201000--
1

Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2201000--
1

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2202422--
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Hyrioidea       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unionidae **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2201000--
1

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
220218172--
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Etherioidea     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Unionidae **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2201000--
1

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
240242278
  +----- Unionidae **       
  |                      
--+----- Hyrioidea       
  |                      
  |  +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
     +-- Margaritiferidae **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2201000--
1

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
230242277
  +-------- Hyrioidea       
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae **       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae **

Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2202441--
  +----- Hyrioidea       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae **
  +--+                   
     +-- Unionidae **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2201000--
1

Baker et al., 2003 [Publ 2690], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101771--
  +-- Unionidae **
--+            
  +-- Hyrioidea

Baker et al., 2004 [Publ 2685], fig. 2-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101881--
  +-- Unionidae **
--+            
  +-- Hyrioidea
 
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