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The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
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Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Pleurobemini | Elliptio species Elliptio crassidens (Lamarck, 1819): synonymy 5 specimens + 5 Genbank vouchers Unio crassidens Lamarck, 1819
Lamarck, 1819. Hist. Natur. Anim. sans Vert. 6: 71, sp. 3, var. b. [in part] Type(s): LECTOTYPE MNHN_MPL_0030, “du lac Erie” .
Unio (sec. Elliptio) crassidens — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (s.s.) crassidens — Call (1900) Unio crassidens — Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1910), Vanatta (1915) Elliptio crassidens — Ortmann (1911), Ortmann (1912), Ortmann & Walker (1922), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925), ... Smith (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), Hauck et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024), FMCS (2025) Elliptio niger — Ortmann (1918), Modell (1942) Elliptio (s.s.) niger — Frierson (1927) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens — Thiele (1934), Haas (1969), Burch (1975) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens — Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1970) Elliptio crassidens crassidens — R.I. Johnson (1980), Oesch (1984) | |
Unio (Elliptio) nigra Rafinesque, 1820
Rafinesque, 1818. Amer. Mon. Mag. 3: 355 [as ‘Potamilus niger’]. [nomen nudum] Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 291, pl. 80, figs. 1-4. Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 22, 37. Type(s): LECTOTYPE ANSP_20243, River Ohio.
Unio (sec. Elliptio) crassidens — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio nigra — Utterback (1915) Unio crassidens — Vanatta (1915) Elliptio niger — Ortmann (1918), Modell (1942) Elliptio crassidens — Ortmann & Walker (1922), F.C. Baker (1928), Vidrine (1993), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Graf & Cummings (2007), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Campbell & Lydeard (2012), Williams et al. (2014), Graf & Cummings (2021), MolluscaBase (2024) Elliptio (s.s.) niger — Frierson (1927), Haas (1930) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens — Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1970) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens — Burch (1975) Elliptio crassidens crassidens — R.I. Johnson (1980), Oesch (1984) | |
Unio (Elliptio) nigra var. fusca Rafinesque, 1820 Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 293. Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 39. (intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio (Elliptio) nigra Rafinesque, 1820)
— Vanatta (1915) Elliptio crassidens — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009) | |
Unio (Elliptio) nigra var. maculata Rafinesque, 1820 Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 293. Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 39. (intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio (Elliptio) nigra Rafinesque, 1820)
— Vanatta (1915) Elliptio (s.s.) niger — Frierson (1927) Fusconaia subrotunda — R.I. Johnson (1980) Elliptio crassidens — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009) | |
Unio cuneatus Barnes, 1823 Barnes, 1823. Amer. J. Sci. 6 (1-2): 263.
Unio (sec. Elliptio) crassidens — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio nigra — Utterback (1915) Elliptio crassidens — Ortmann & Walker (1922), F.C. Baker (1928), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009) Elliptio (s.s.) niger — Frierson (1927), Haas (1930) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens — Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1970) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens — Burch (1975) Elliptio crassidens crassidens — Oesch (1984) | |
Obliquaria (Aximedia) venus Rafinesque, 1831 Rafinesque, 1831. Continuation: 3. Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 75.
— Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Burch (1975) Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) subrotunda — Frierson (1927) Fusconaia subrotunda — Haas (1969) Elliptio crassidens — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009) | |
Unio incrassatus Lea, 1840
Lea, 1840. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 286.
Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 217 [55], pl. 16, fig. 34. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84537, Columbus, Ga.
Unio (sec. Elliptio) incrassatus — Simpson (1900) Unio (sec. Elliptio) crassidens var. incrassatus — Simpson (1914) Elliptio (s.s.) niger-incrassatus — Frierson (1927) Elliptio crassidens incrassatus — Clench & Turner (1956) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens — Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1970) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens — Burch (1975) Elliptio crassidens — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Williams et al. (2008), IUCN (2011), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014) | |
Unio discus Sowerby, 1868 ‘Lea’ Sowerby, 1868. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 62, sp. 310; errata. (misidentified reference to Unio discus Lea, 1838)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) crassidens — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (Lampsilis) discus — Martens (1900) Elliptio (s.s.) niger — Frierson (1927) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens — Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1970) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens — Burch (1975) Elliptio crassidens — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Watters et al. (2009) | |
Unio danielsii B.H. Wright, 1899
B.H. Wright, 1899. Nautilus 13(3): 31. B.H. Wright, 1899. Nautilus 13(4): 43. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_168967, Spring Creek, Decatur Co., Georgia.
Unio (sec. Elliptio) danielsii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (s.s.) niger-danielsi — Frierson (1927) Elliptio crassidens incrassatus — Clench & Turner (1956) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens danielsii — Haas (1969) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens — R.I. Johnson (1970) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens — Burch (1975) Elliptio crassidens — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Watters et al. (2009), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014) | |
Elliptio pachyodon Olson & Harbison, 1953 Pilsbry in Olson & Harbison, 1953. ANSP Monogr. 8: 447, pl. 65, fig. 8.
Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens — R.I. Johnson (1970) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens — Burch (1975) Elliptio crassidens — Watters et al. (2009) Elliptio pachyodon — MolluscaBase (2024) | |
Unio okefenokensis of Authors, unknown year
B.H. Wright, in USNM Coll. of Authors. Type(s): MANUSCRIPT NAME USNM_168966, Spanish Creek, Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia. | |
Unio niger Conrad, 1836 ‘Rafinesque’ Conrad, 1836. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(6): 49, pl. 46. ‘Rafinesque’ Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 253. (reference to Unio (Elliptio) nigra Rafinesque, 1820)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) crassidens — Simpson (1900) | |
Unio crassus Sowerby, 1868
‘Say’ Sowerby, 1868. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 95, sp. 520. (misidentified reference to Unio crassus Say, 1817)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) ligamentinus var. gibbus — Simpson (1900) Lampsilis (Eurynia) ligamentina var. gibba — Simpson (1914) Lampsilis (Ortmanniana) carinata-calendis — Frierson (1927) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens — Haas (1969) Elliptio crassidens — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Watters et al. (2009) | |
Taxonomic History (since 1900)Unio (sec. Elliptio) crassidens — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (s.s.) crassidens — Call (1900) — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Vanatta (1915), Burch (1975) Unio (sec. Elliptio) incrassatus — Simpson (1900) Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) ligamentinus var. gibbus — Simpson (1900) Unio (Lampsilis) discus — Martens (1900) Unio (sec. Elliptio) danielsii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio crassidens — Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1910), Vanatta (1915) Elliptio crassidens — Ortmann (1911), Ortmann (1912), Ortmann & Walker (1922), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925), ... Smith (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), Hauck et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024), FMCS (2025) Unio (sec. Elliptio) crassidens var. incrassatus — Simpson (1914) Lampsilis (Eurynia) ligamentina var. gibba — Simpson (1914) Elliptio nigra — Utterback (1915) Elliptio niger — Ortmann (1918), Modell (1942) Elliptio (s.s.) niger — Frierson (1927), Haas (1930) Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) subrotunda — Frierson (1927) Elliptio (s.s.) niger-incrassatus — Frierson (1927) Lampsilis (Ortmanniana) carinata-calendis — Frierson (1927) Elliptio (s.s.) niger-danielsi — Frierson (1927) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens — Thiele (1934), Haas (1969), Burch (1975) Elliptio crassidens incrassatus — Clench & Turner (1956) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens — Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1970) Fusconaia subrotunda — Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1980) Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens danielsii — Haas (1969) Elliptio crassidens crassidens — R.I. Johnson (1980), Oesch (1984) Elliptio pachyodon — MolluscaBase (2024)
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